Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex is the dry bark of Cleistocalyx operculatus. It is the raw material of Compound Hibiscuse which is external sterilization antipruritic drugs. The quality standard of Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex in Guangdong Province "standard for the traditional Chinese medicine" (second volumes) only contains TLC identification. It is unable to effectively monitor and control the quality of Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex. A reversed-phase HPLC method was established for the determination of 3, 3'-O-dimethylellagic acid from Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex and the content was calculated by external standard method for the first time. Under the selected chromatographic conditions, the target components between peaks to achieve effective separation. 3,3'-O- dimethylellagic acid standard solution at the concentration of 1.00 - 25.0 mg x L(-1) showed a good linear relationship. The standard curve was Y = 77.33X + 7.904, r = 0.999 5. The average recovery was 101.0%, RSD was 1.3%. The HPLC method for the determination of 3,3'-O-dimethylellagic acid in Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex is accurate and reliable. It can provide a strong technical support for monitoring the quality of Cleistocalycis Operculati Cortex.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Syzygium ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the distribution frequency of allele genetic polymorphism of drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP2C19?2 (rs4244285) in tumor patients of Han population from Hubei province,to provide guidance for clinical rational drug use related to the genetic polymorphism. Methods CYP2C19?2 genotyping was performed by Fluorescence Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing System in 285 cancer patients. Genotype frequency and allele frequency were calculated and the genotype distribution in different genders was compared. Compared with the previous studies, we clarified the frequencies of CYP2C19?2 gene polymorphisms in different nationalities. Results All the 285 patients in this study were Han population. The genotype frequency of CYP2C19?2 was 113 (39.6%),138 (48.4%) and 34 (11.9%) for wild-type homozygote (GG), heterozygote (GA) and variant homozygote (AA),respectively.The CYP2C19?2 mutant allele frequency was 36.1%.Genotype distribution of male and female patients did not reach significant difference. Conclusion There is no difference in CYP2C19?2 genotypes distribution among different ethnic groups.

To knock out β-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene and insert human lactoferrin (hLF) coding sequence at BLG locus of goat, the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) mediated recombination was used to edit the BLG gene of goat fetal fibroblast, then as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer. We designed a pair of specific plasmid TALEN-3-L/R for goat BLG exon III recognition sites, and BLC14-TK vector containing a negative selection gene HSV-TK, was used for the knock in of hLF gene. TALENs plasmids were transfected into the goat fetal fibroblast cells, and the cells were screened three days by 2 μg/mL puromycin. DNA cleavage activities of cells were verified by PCR amplification and DNA production sequencing. Then, targeting vector BLC14-TK and plasmids TALEN-3-L/R were co-transfected into goat fetal fibroblasts, both 700 μg/mL G418 and 2 μg/mL GCV were simultaneously used to screen G418-resistant cells. Detections of integration and recombination were implemented to obtain cells with hLF gene site-specific integration. We chose targeting cells as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer. The mutagenicity of TALEN-3-L/R was between 25% and 30%. A total of 335 reconstructed embryos with 6 BLG-/hLF+ targeting cell lines were transferred into 16 recipient goats. There were 9 pregnancies confirmed by ultrasound on day 30 to 35 (pregnancy rate of 39.1%), and one of 50-day-old fetus with BLG-/hLF+ was achieved. These results provide the basis for hLF gene knock-in at BLG locus of goat and cultivating transgenic goat of low allergens and rich hLF in the milk.
Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Goats ; genetics ; Humans ; Lactoferrin ; genetics ; Lactoglobulins ; genetics ; Milk ; chemistry ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Plasmids ; Pregnancy ; Transfection

In this paper, we expound the origin and development of special acupuncture needle tools for cutaneous region, and discuss its mechanisms from modern medical theory. By consulting related acupuncture books and literature and in combination with needles used in clinical practice, we conclude that acupuncture needle tools can be divided into skin massage needle (digital pressing, spoon needle, etc.), cutaneous pricking blood needle (shear needle, three-edged needle, plum blossom needle, etc.), subcutaneous shallow puncture needle (intradermal needle, superficial needle, subcutaneous in-dwelling needle), etc. The skin-brain axis is the core of skin stimulation therapy. Mechanical pressure exerted on the skin surface induced by acupuncture stimulation or pressing, microcirculation changes and drug superposition are probably the underlying mechanisms of special skin acupuncture needle tools for treatment of various clinical disorders.

OBJECTIVETo study a new method of simultaneous repair of alveolar cleft and the deformity of the nose and lip.

METHODS42 patients with cleft of alveolar process were included in this study. We filled the cleft of alveolar process with iliac cancellous bone and covered the depression of piriform aperture and the nasal side with iliac cartilage. Simultaneously, we corrected the nasal deformity using V-Y plasty of a mucosa-cartilage compound flap at the nasal vestibule.

RESULTSIn the patients aged 9 approximately 11 years, the mean height of the repaired alveolar process was 86.7%; the mean thickness was 89.6%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade I or II. The canine erupted at the place of bone grafting. The depression of the piriform aperture and alae nasi was repaired. The contour of the nares was symmetrical. In the patients over 12 years, the mean height of the alveolar process was 70.1%; the mean thickness was 71.7%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade II or III. The deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal dome was not ameliorated in 2 patients of 18 years old.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of iliac cancellous and chondral bone to simultaneously repair cleft of alveolar process and the nasal deformity is an ideal plastic method. It can recover the height of alveolar process and the continuity of dental arch, ameliorate the nasal deformity, and redress the deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal end. It can also eliminate the psychological obstacle of the patients at an early stage.

Adolescent ; Alveolar Process ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw Abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Nose ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the recovery method of facial nerve function and to compare the clinical effect after operation of parotid carcinoma, which invades stylomastoid foramen and peripheral bone in deep lobe.

METHODSThree operation methods were taken: (1) The tumor, parotid, invasive facial nerve and bone around the tumor were resected with transplantation of facial nerve. (2) Tumor parotid and facial nerve were resected without transplantation of facial nerve. (3) Tumor and parotid were dislocated from facial nerve, keeping the continuity of facial nerve.

RESULTSFor the first method, facial nerve function of 68.2% patients came back to the patients without facial paralysis before operation, while facial nerve function of 16.7% patients came back to the patients with facial paralysis before operation. There was obvious difference between them (P < 0.05). To the patients with facial paralysis before operation, the first and the second method were taken. The ratio of local control was 33.3% and 10.0% respectively. And survival for 5 years were 25.0% and 10.0% respectively. There was no obvious difference between the two methods (P > 0.05). To the patients without facial paralysis before operation, three methods of operation were taken. The ratio of local control was 77.3%, 48.0% and 33.3% respectively. And survival for 5 years were 86.4%, 52.0% and 41.7% respectively. There was obvious difference between the first method and the other two (P < 0.05). There was no obvious difference between the second and the third methods (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFacial canal dissection in operation of parotid carcinoma with recovery of facial nerve can not only resect tumor completely, but also fit for development of functional surgery. It is an ideal method for surgery operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Facial Nerve ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective action of Epimedium against chemotherapy-induced damage to rat epididymides.

METHODSFifty 60-day-old male rats were divided into a control, a model and a treatment group. Procarbazine was injected into the abdominal cavity of the model rats at the dose of 30 mg/(kg x d). In addition to procarbazine, Epimedium was given intragastrically to the treatment group. The changes in the ultrastructure of the epididymis were observed after 10 and 20 days.

RESULTSElectron microscopy showed that the chemotherapy-induced damages to the epididymal epithelia mainly included cell swelling, local cavitation of mitochondria, tumor-like change in nucleoli, agglutination of marginal translocation of heterochromatin and cell apoptosis. The damage to the epithelial ultrastructure was slight in the treatment group as compared with the model rats. Chemotherapy significantly affected sperm concentration, sperm viability and sialic acid (SA), which were (15.59 +/- 4.01) x 10(6)/ml, (76.71 +/- 10.11)% and (19.38 +/- 9.34) g/mg prot in the model group in comparison with (10.63 +/- 3.82) x 10(6)/ml (P < 0.01), (60.03 +/- 7.54)% (P < 0.01) and (13.62 +/- 7.81) g/g prot (P < 0.05) in the control. Epimedium significantly increased sperm viability in the treatment group (60.03 +/- 7.54)% as compared with the model rats (69.90 +/- 12.58)% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEpimedium can lessen chemotherapy-induced damage to the epididymis and protect the reproductive function of rats.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; ultrastructure ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Infertility, Male ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective Objective To analyze the torque performance of lingual brackets with slots in different directions and the influence pattern of arch wires with different sizes and materials on torque of these lingual brackets.Methods The finite element models of the anterior maxilla lingual brackets with vertical and horizontal slot were constructed,using 3 kinds of materials (stainless steel,beta-titanium,nickel-titanium) and two sizes of arch wires (0.43 mm x 0.56 mm,0.41 mm x 0.56 mm),so as to compare and analyze their mechanical properties after the application of torque load on the left upper central incisors with a rotation angle of ±20°.Results With the increase in elastic modulus of the arch wire,torque moments of lingual brackets with horizontal and vertical slot both increased gradually.Torque performance of lingual brackets was affected more by the sizes and materials of arch wires than the directions of slots.The lingual bracket with vertical slot produced 1-2 times of torque force than that with horizontal slot under the same degree of torque angle.The effect of arch wire sizes was smaller than that of arch wire materials,while the synergistic change in sizes and materials of arch wires had the largest influence on torque performance of lingual brackets.Conclusions The torque performance of lingual bracket will be influenced with its different slot directions,the sizes and materials of arch wires.In clinical application,slot directions of lingual brackets as well as sizes and materials of arch wires should be adjusted properly according to the required torque force.

OBJECTIVETo study a new method for repair of facial depression and facial nerve defect after parotid carcinoma resection.

METHODS12 patients with parotid carcinoma and peripheral bone invasion were treated using facial nerve canal dissection and radical resection of the tumor, the parotid gland and the involved facial nerve and bone, including the mastoid, stylomastoid foramen, styloid process and the rear part of the mandible. A sternocleidomastoid muscle flap was elevated and transferred to repair the facial depression. The great annular nerve in the flap was anastomosed with the severed end of the facial nerve in the canal.

RESULTSThe depressed deformity of the parotid area was well corrected in 9 patients. The aesthetic results were compromised in 2 patients because of tumor recurrence and reoperation. The depressed deformity was not corrected in 1 patient because of infection. Postoperatively, the function of the facial nerve recovered to a normal level. The recovery time ranged from 12 to 20 weeks ,with an average of 16.3 weeks. The local control rate of tumor was improved.

CONCLUSIONSImmediate transplantation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle-great auricular nerve flap and facial nerve canal dissection in radical parotidectomy can repair the depressed deformity of the parotid area, restore facial nerve function,and decrease tumor recurrence. The method is an ideal operation with functional recovery.

Adult ; Cervical Plexus ; Facial Nerve ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Muscles ; transplantation ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; innervation ; Treatment Outcome

Based on the pulse-coded transmitting and wide-band receiving system, this paper describes A research of phase inversion technique to extract high-frequency ultrasonic tissue harmonic information by making use of wide-band ultrasonic transducer on frequency of 20 MHz, 35 MHz and 50 MHz. The results indicate that adopting the method in this paper is with better fundamental frequency inhibition and at the same time can increase the amplitude of second harmonic information effectively. This method is superior to that traditoncal one by using RF filter to extract tissue harmonic information.
Artifacts ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography ; instrumentation ; methods