Some studies on nocardiosis in cultured fish were critically reviewed,including pathogenic bacterium,taxonomy,pathogenicity,histopathologically,diagnosis,controlling method and immunology. Some problem and advice on this disease were suggested.

Objective To explore the behavior characteristics in children with benign epilepsy combined with centro-temporal spikes(BECTS).Methods Eighty-two children with BECTS aged 2.5-3.0(2.65?2.31)years old,51 male,31 female,who were free of mental retardation assessed with Gesell developmental schedules,untreated with antiepileptic drugs,and were investigated 15 days after the latest seizure.Eighty-two healthy children with sex and age matched to the cases,53 male,29 female,aged 2.5-3.0(2.6?0.4)years old.The behavior characteristics of infants in BECTS group and control group were assessed with CBCL,including 6 behavior factors which were sleep problem,social flinches,depression,physical aspect,attacking,act of sabotage and the infants-middle school student social ability scale.Results The total scores of behavior characteristics and the scores of depression,sleep problem,attacking and act of sabotage in BECTS group were all higher than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant.However,scores of social flinches,and physical aspect in BECTS group had no significant differences compared with those of control group.There were no significant difference of social adaptive component between the BECTS and control group.Conclusions Children with BECTS have behavior disorders to some extent,but their social adaptive capacity are the same as normal children.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of propofol on brain regions at different sedation levels and the association between changes in brain region activity and loss of consciousness using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring.

METHODSForty-eight participants were enrolled at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2011 to March 2012 and randomly assigned to a mild or a deep sedation group using computer- generated random numbers. Preliminary tests were performed a week prior to scanning to determine target effect site concentrations based on BIS and concomitant Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scores while under propofol. Within one week of the preliminary tests where propofol dose-response was established, BOLD-fMRI was conducted to examine brain activation with the subject awake, and with propofol infusion at the sedation level.

RESULTSMild propofol sedation inhibited left inferior parietal lobe activation. Deep sedation inhibited activation of the left insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and right middle temporal gyrus. Compared with mild sedation, deep propofol sedation inhibited activation of the left thalamus, precentral gyrus, anterior cingulate, and right basal nuclei.

CONCLUSIONMild and deep propofol sedation are associated with inhibition of different brain regions, possibly explaining differences in the respective loss of consciousness processes.

Adult ; Brain ; drug effects ; Consciousness Monitors ; Deep Sedation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; pharmacology ; Male ; Propofol ; pharmacology

Brain Stem/pathology* ; Death, Sudden/etiology* ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/mortality* ; Leukemia/pathology*

Objective To compare the effects of hepatic vein occlusion with tourniquet and Satinsky clamp in reseeting liver tumor involving the second hepatic portal.Methods From Jan 2003 to Jun 2006,180 patients underwent major liver resection with the selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE).According to methods of hepatic vein occlusion,they were divided into two groups:Occlusion with tourniquet(tourniquet group,n=95)and occlusion with Satinsky clamp(Satinsky clamp group,n= 85).In tourniquet group,the hepatic veins were encircled and occluded with tourniquet,and in Satinsky clamp group,the hepatic veins were not encircled and clamped directly with Satinsky clamp.Data regarding the intraoperative and postoperative courses of the patients were analyzed.Results There was no difference between the two groups regarding the operating time,ischemia time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications rate.The dissecting time of hepatic veins was significantly shorter in Satinsky group(6.2?2.4 min vs 18.3?6.2 min).lu the tourniquet group,five hepatic veins(one fight hepatic vein and four common trunk of left-middle hepatic veins)could not be dissected and encircled because of the tumors involving the cava hepatic junction.Another patient's common trunk of left-middle hepatic vein was inadvertently lacerated during the dissection.Hepatic veins in these 6 patients were occluded with Satinsky clamp successfully.Conclusion Occlusion with Satinsky clamping is safer and easier procedure than tourniquets in the resection of liver tumor involving the second porta hepatis.

BackgroundThe influence of glaucoma on the quality of life in patients is of increasing concern for ophthalmologists in recent years. However,some studies demonstrated that different types of questionnaires about quality of life have various disadvantages. Therefore, to accurately and fully assess the influencing factors of quality of life in glaucoma patients is very important. ObjectiveThe present study was to survey the self-reported visionrelated quality of life(QOL) in glaucoma patients by means of utility analysis and to tentatively analyze its influencing factors. Methods Patients with glaucoma were recruited from a single tertiary ophthalmic department. Standard face-to-face interviews were conducted. Utility values of linear rating scale ( RS ) and time trade-off ( TTO ) were calculated to evaluate the self-reported vision-related QOL of the patients. The correlations of the utility values with the patients' general and ophthalmologic characteristics were also analyzed. This survey was approved by the Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital. Oral informed consent was obtained from the subjects before the study.ResultsA cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 86 glaucoma patients were enrolled in this study with 62 male and 24 female, with a mean age of 44. 67 years old. The mean utility values measured by RS and TTO were 0. 62± 0. 19 and 0. 77 ± 0. 12, respectively, and no evidential correlation was found between these two values ( r =0. 074, P=0. 499 ). The RS value was associated with daily visual acuity,mean deviation(MD) of visual field and the history of trabeculectomy. Neither daily visual acuity nor MD showed a significant correlation with the TTO value. Age, work status and educational background contributed to higher utility value for the TTO method. After adjusting for age, work status and educational level,patients with visual acuity in the worse-seeing eye better than 0. 3 showed a higher TTO value than those with less than 0. 3. Conclusions Utility analysis possesses the advantages of convenience and sensitivity. RS utility value is easily affected by the Objective visual status and surgery history in glaucomatous patients,which reflects the subjective assessment of patients'visual quality. However, TTO value is primarily associated with age,work status and education level rather than visual function in glaucoma patients,which is therefore subjective assessment of the disease-related quality of life. These Results indicate that visual function impairment is not a determining factor for the QOL of glaucoma patients.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to observe the coexistence of periodontal bacteria DNA (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella. forsythensis) in coronary atheromatous plaques and subgingival plaques in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft.

METHODSCoronary atheromatous plaque and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 51 patients and examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with specific primers for periodontal bacteria.

RESULTSP. gingivalis (33%), T. forsythensis (31%), P. intermedia (18%) and F. nucleatum (12%) were detected while A. actinomycetemcomitans was negative and not found in coronary atheromatous plaques; T. forsythensis (84%), F. nucleatum (78%), P. intermedia (59%), P. gingivalis (39%) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (22%) were detected in subgingival plaque samples. Coexistence of periodontal bacteria DNA in coronary atheromatous and subgingival plaque samples was evidenced in 32 patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe coexistence of T. forsythensis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis in coronary atheromatous plaques and the subgingival plaque samples in CAD patients could suggest a potential role for periodontal pathogenic bacteria in atherosclerosis disease process.

Adult ; Aged ; Bacteroides ; isolation & purification ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; microbiology ; surgery ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Dental Plaque ; microbiology ; Female ; Fusobacterium nucleatum ; isolation & purification ; Gingiva ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Two hundred thirty specimens of wild birds were collected from some areas in Heilongjiang Province during the period of 2003~2004, including two batches of specimens collected randomly from a same flock of mallards in Zhalong Natural Reserve in August and December, 2004, respectively. Primary virus isolation and identification for avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were performed. The results showed that only two specimens of young mallards collected from Zhalong Natural Reserve in August, 2004 were positive to AIV (isolation rate 0.9%), and one strain (D57) of these two virus isolates was identified to be H9 subtype by hemagglutination inhibition test. Meanwhile, the two batches of blood serum samples of mallards from Zhalong were also examined for antibodies against AIV and NDV. Among 38 blood serum samples collected in August, antibodies against the hemagglutinin of H1, H3, H5, H6 and H9 subtypes of AIV were found in 1, 0, 2, 0 and 8 samples, respectively; and 11 samples were found with antibody against NDV. Whereas the NDV isolation in both two batches of specimens of mallard was negative, all of the 32 blood serum samples collected in December were negative for antibodies against AIV and NDV.
Animals ; Animals, Wild/*virology ; Antibodies, Viral/isolation&purification ; Birds/virology ; China/epidemiology ; Hemagglutination Tests ; Influenza A virus/*isolation&purification ; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology/immunology/*virology ; Newcastle Disease/epidemiology/immunology/*virology ; Newcastle disease virus/*isolation&purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and safety of transvaginal external fascia trachelectomy to conservatively treat patients with stage Ia1 squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCC) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, who are not suitable to take cold knife conization (CKC).

METHODSFrom July 2002 to September 2010, those patients who had a strong desire to preserve the uterus or fertility but also are confronted with following situations received transvaginal external fascia trachelectomy: CIN III with large area lesion (colposcopically observed lesion area was larger than 3/4 of the cervix), or patients with CIN II-III suffered recurrence or had persistent lesion or positive margin after CKC or LEEP, or patients with CIN II-III upgraded into stage Ia1 SCC through LEEP and pathological confirmation (except for those with lymphovascular space invasion), or CIN III patients complicated with upper vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). Their clinical information and data were reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the 79 cases, who underwent transvaginal external fascia trachelectomy, six were stage Ia1 SCC, 61 were CIN III with a large area lesion (23 cases had glandular involvement), three were CIN III complicated with VAIN, six were CIN III with persistent lesion after LEEP, two were CIN III with positive margins after LEEP, and one case had recurrence after conization. The median age of these patients was 33 years old, ranging from 23 to 40 years old. The mean operation time was 39 min (rang 20-60 min), the average amount of bleeding was 40 ml (rang 1-300 ml) and the mean hospital stay was 10 d ( rang 6-17 d). The CIN III patients complicated with VAIN received this surgery with resection of the adjacent vaginal mucosa more than 2 cm in 3.8% (3/79). The median follow-up time was 49 months (8-85 months) and none of these patients had ureteral injury or large amount of intraoperative or postoperative bleeding or post-operative recurrence. No patient complained any effect on their sexual life. Among the five patients with reproductive desire, one was at her 22 w gestation after one induced abortion and one spontaneous abortion, four patients experienced term birth in which three were cesarean section and one was natural labour.

CONCLUSIONSTransvaginal external fascia trachelectomy is a safe and effective conservative treatment for stage Ia1 SCC, CIN III with large area lesion, CIN III complicated with VAIN and CIN II-III suffering recurrence, persistent lesion or positive margins after CKC and others that are not suitable to take CKC.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Cervix Uteri ; surgery ; Female ; Fertility Preservation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the accuracies of cerebral state index (CSI) and bispectral index (BIS) in sedation monitoring during target control infusion of midazolam.

METHODSTwenty informed adult male volunteers were intravenously administered with midazolam through plasma target control infusion from 30ng/ml (in increments of 10ng/ml every time) until they became unresponsive to tactile stimulation (i. e., mild prodding or shaking). The BIS and CSI were continuously recorded simultaneously. Sedation was assessed using the Observers' Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) scale at each time when Ct equaled to Ce. The electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters were correlated with the OAA/S scores using nonparametric Spearman's correlation analysis. The prediction probabilities were calculated at the points of lost of verbal contact (LVC) and lost of responses to stimulus (LOR). BIS05, BIS50, BIS95, and CSI05, CSI50, CSI95 were also calculated for LVC and LOR.

RESULTSBIS and CSI were well correlation with OAA/S scales during both the onset and recovery phases. When the sedation level increased, BIS and CSI progressively decreased. The prediction probabilities of BIS and CSI were 84%, 74% for LVC and 79%, 68% for LOR, while the BIS05, BIS50, and BIS95 as well as CSI05, CSI50, and CSI95 were 85.5, 60.6, and 35.7 (for BISs) and 82.2, 65.2, and 30.3 (for CSIs) at the point of LVC and 79.7, 47.6, and 15.6 (for BISs) and 75.9, 43.4, and 11 (for CSIs) at the point of LOR.

CONCLUSIONSBoth CSI and BIS seem to be useful parameters for assessing midazolam-induced sedation. BIS is superior in the prediction of LVC and LOR.

Adult ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Brain ; drug effects ; physiology ; Conscious Sedation ; methods ; Consciousness ; drug effects ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Midazolam ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult