AlM: To study an approach to visual acuity correction after intracapsular cataract extraction by phase - ll intraocular lens implantation through the individualized arcuate keratotomy.
METHODS: For demonstration, 48 postoperative patients ( 50 eyes ) receiving the intracapsular cataract extraction were gathered up. Each patient received a scleral tunnel major incision along the radial line of the maximum corneal refractive power determined by a cornea curvimeter, and a arcuate keratotomy was made opposite to the major one; through the major incision an iris-claw intraocular lens is implanted. Each patient was measured for their corneal astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity before and after the surgery.
RESULTS: The results suggested the average corneal astigmatism before the surgery and that 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery as+3. 18±0. 68,-1. 56±0. 73,+0. 87± 0. 51, + 1. 21 ± 0. 70, + 1. 33 ± 0. 68 and + 1. 48 ± 0. 48 respectively. The uncorrected visual acuities 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery are 0. 5±0. 38, 0. 56±0. 23, 0. 55± 0. 24, 0. 52±0. 28 and 0. 51±0. 25 respectively.
CONCLUSlON: Phase-ll intraocular lens implantation witharcuate keratotomy is helpful to improve the postoperative visual acuity and reduce preoperative corneal astigmatism after the intracapsular cataract extraction aphakic eyes, lt is also a low-cost surgery, and easy to perform, with minor surgical injuries, particularly available for surgical visual acuity correction of the aphakic eye receiving intracapsular cataract extraction.

The study is aimed to make the most of available space of Dendrobium officinale cultivation facility, reveal the yield and functional components variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale, and improve quality, yield and efficiency. The agronomic traits and yield variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were studied by operating field experiment. The content of polysaccharide and extractum were determined by using phenol-sulfuric acid method and 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" Appendix X A. The results showed that the land utilization of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale increased 2.74 times, the stems, leaves and their total fresh or dry weight in unit area of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were all heavier than those of the ground cultivated ones. There was no significant difference in polysaccharide content between stereoscopic cultivation and ground cultivation. But the extractum content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum were significantly higher than those of the ground cultivated ones. In additional, the polysaccharide content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum from the top two levels of stereoscopic culture matrix were significantly higher than that of the ones from the other levels and ground cultivation. Steroscopic cultivation can effectively improves the utilization of space and yield, while the total content of polysaccharides and extractum were significantly higher than that of the ground cultivated ones. The significant difference in Dendrobium polysaccharides among the plants from different height of stereo- scopic culture matrix may be associated with light factor.
Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Polysaccharides ; analysis

AIM:To investigate the role of B7 homologue 6 (B7-H6) over-expression in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. METHODS:The full-length fragment of B7-H6 gene was amplified by PCR and sub-cloned into linearized eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP to construct recombinant B7-H6 over-expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6. The recombinant plasmid was identified by double digestion, PCR and sequencing, and was then transfected into L02 cells. The expression of EGFP was observed by fluorescence microscopy and the transfection efficiency was evaluated by flow cytometry. B7-H6 expression was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The L02 cells transfect-ed with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 recombinant plasmid were co-cultured with NK-92 cells at different effector/target ratios,and the cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells was evaluated by CCK-8 assay.RESULTS:The strong green fluorescence in the L02 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope 48 h after transfection. The transfection efficiency reached 92.6%. The ex-pression of B7-H6 at mRNA and protein levels was remarkably increased 48 h after transfection. The cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells against L02 cells transfected with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 plasmid was significantly higher than that of the null vector transfection group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 was constructed successfully. The cytotoxic effect of NK-92 cells against L02 cells can be enhanced by transfecting L02 cells with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 plasmid.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different dosages of rocuronium on abdominal wound closure under general anesthesia.Methods Ninety ASA class I or II patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into three groups with 30 cases each.Each group received rocuronium 1 time of ED95 (0.3 mg/kg),0.5 time of ED95 (0.15 mg/kg),0.2 time of ED95 (0.06 mg/kg) respectively when closing the abdominal wall.TOF recovered to 25%, 75%, 90%, time of eye-opening on command, time of head-lift for more than 5 seconds,extubation time, the rate of upper airways obstruction after extubation and the satisfaction score for the muscle relaxation to general surgeons were recorded.Results TOF values had no significantly different among the three groups before abdominal wound closure (P＞0.05).Compared with group A and group B,time of TOF in group C was significangtly increased after administration of rocuronium (P＜0.05) . Time of TOF recovery to 25%, 75%, 90%in group C were significangtly decreased (P＜0.01).Compared with group A and group B, time of eye-opening on command ,head-lift for more than 5 seconds and extubation time were significantly shorter in group C.There were 8,4,0 patients undwent upper airways obstruction among each group respectively after extubation (P＜0.05).The satisfaction score for muscle relaxation among three groups had no significant difference.Conclusion An additional administration of 0.2 time of ED95 (0.06 mg/kg) rocuronium before abdominal wound closure in abdominal surgery can achieve satisfactory muscle relaxation for surgeons.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and microsatellite instability (MSI) in patients with gastric cancer.

METHODSMTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphism were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and MSI was examined with PCR.

RESULTSMTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were analyzed on 122 gastric cancers and 110 normal controls The genotype frequencies of MTHFR 677CC, 677CT and 677TT were 47.5%, 39.3% and 13.1% on patients with gastric cancer, and 48.5%, 42.6%, 8.9% in the controls respectively. There was no significant difference of genotype frequency between the two groups (P > 0.05). The individuals with 677CT genotype, 677TT genotype and 677CT + TT genotype exhibited significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.38,95% CI: 0.15-0.98; OR = 0.26,95% CI: 0.03-2.18 and OR = 0.36,95% CI: 0.07-0.98) of developing gastric cardia cancer compared with those harboring the wild-type(677CC). The individuals with 677TT genotype having a 3.03-fold (95% CI: 1.07-8.65) increased risk of developing gastric corpus cancer. The genotype frequency of MTHFR 1298AA, 1298AC and 1298CC were 59.8%, 36.1% and 4.1% in gastric cancer patients, and 57.4%, 7.6%, 5.0% in the controls, respectively. The distribution of MTHFR A1298C genotype was not significantly different between gastric cancer and controls (P > 0.05). The individuals with 1298CC genotype had a reduced risk of developing gastric antrum cancer (OR = 0.41- fold, 95% CI: 0.03-2.18, 0.05-3.72) when comparing with those having 1298AA genotype. Patients with MSI+ gastric cancer had an increased frequency of the MTHFR 677TT genotype when comparing with those suffering from MSI- gastric cancer (P = 0.009) and with controlled subjects (P = 0.008). There was no significant association found between MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and MSI (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONPolymorphism of MTHFR C677T was associated with increased risk on gastric corpus cancer and reduced risk on gastric cardia cancer. The polymorphism of MTHFR A1298C was associated with reduced risk for gastric antrum cancer while MSI pathway was possibly involved in the development of gastric cancer with MTHFR 677TT genotype.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the association between polymorphism of 5,10-methylenetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Methods Electronic search strategy was carried out among the databases from home and abroad to collect qualified research papers,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data on case-control studies on association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to ALL were colleted and analyzed by models of TT vs.CC + CT or TT vs.CC through Meta-analysis.Stratified analysis was carried out according to different age groups (children or adult).Results In systematical analysis,the pooled odds ratios of MTHFR C677T genetype TT vs.CC + CT or TT vs.CC were 0.87(0.69-1.09 ) and 0.82 ( 0.63-1.06 ) respectively; in children' s group,the pooled odds ratios of MTHFR C677T genetype TT vs.CC + CT or TT vs.CC were 0.92 ( 0.79-1.08),0.88 ( 0.75-1.05 ) while in adult group,the pooled odds ratios of MTHFR C677T genetype TT vs.CC + CT or TT vs.CC were 0.45(0.26-0.77),and 0.41 (0.22-0.72) respectively.Conclusion The MTHFR gene 677T variant might not be associated with the risk of children's ALL but might be associated with a reduced risk on adult's ALL.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of unintended pregnancy (UP) and exploring the risk factors of UP for married women of child-bearing age from Qingshan district,Wuhan.Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted in this study.Cluster sampling method was used with 3256 women recruited,in 2010.Information on history and risks related to social-demographic factors of UP were collected,using a self-administered questionnaire.Results Of the 3256 participants,over half of them (53.8％) reorted ever having had the history of UP and 9.1％ reported UP in the past year.Rate of UP in the past year for different age cohorts (18-30,31-40,41-49 years) were 31.8％,10.5％ and 1.8％ respectively.The most frequently reported reason for UP across all the age cohorts was "Did not use any contraceptive methods",with proportions on the reason that reported by women at 18-30,31-40 and 41-49 year-olds,were 69.7％,51.1％ and 42.4％ respectively.The second frequently reported reasons for UP were "Failure of traditional contraception" for younger cohort ( 18-30 years:13.0％ ) and "IUD dropped or pregnancy with IUD" for older-age cohorts (23.4％ at 31-40 year-olds and 37.0％ at the 41-49 year-oplds).The most frequently cited reason for "Did not use any contraceptive methods" was "Believe we were lucky so far,not to get pregnant" (59.6％).The risk factors of UP were being at older age,experiencing sex debut at younger age and got married at younger age.Conclusion The prevalence of lifetime UP history was high among women at child-bearing age from Qingshan district,Wuhan.Reproductive health services and interventions should be taken according to the needs from different age cohorts of women.Younger cohort of women should receive more attention.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics and the serum types of enterovirus of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children.

METHODSThe RT-nPCR method was established with universal primers within 5' untranslated region of enterovirus and VP1 region of Coxsackievirus A16 (CAV16) and enterovirus 71 (EV 71). Enteroviruses were detected with RT-nPCR in 237 children with HFMD. Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics and serum types of enterovirus of the patients with HFMD were studied.

RESULTSThe patients'age ranged from 7 months to 11 years (mean 4.2 +/- 0.5 years). The majority (94.5%) were less than 6 years old. HFMD was mostly seen in spring and winter (67.9%). Oral mucosal pox or ulcer as well as hand and foot rashes were observed in all 237 patients. Fever occurred in 141 patients (59.5%). Of the 237 patients, 133 (56.1%) were RT-nPCR positive. Of the 133 cases, 38 were positive for EV71, 64 were positive for CAV16, and 31 were negative for both EV71 and CAV16. The patients infected by different types of enteroviruses had similar clinical characteristics. Gene colon and sequence analysis for 12 strains of enteroviruses PCR positive products presented as EV71 (n=5), CAV16 (n=5), ECHO13 (n=1), and CAV5 (n=1).

CONCLUSIONSHFMD tends to occur in younger children less than 6 years old. The majority are affected in spring and winter. EV71 and CAV16 are common pathogens of HFMD. There is no relationship between clinical characteristics and serum types of enteroviruses in HFMD patients.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus ; classification ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seasons ; Serotyping

OBJECTIVETo analyze the risk factors of hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for beta-thalassemia in children.

METHODSThe clinical records of 30 children with beta-thalassemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between December, 2008 and November, 2009 were analyzed.

RESULTSHemorrhagic cystitis occurred in 8 of the 33 patients with an incidence of 24.24%, including 1 with grade I, 6 with grade II and 1 with grade III hemorrhagic cystitis. The median time of hemorrhagic cystitis onset was 22.9 days (range 6-35 days) and the median duration was 11.9 days(range 3-27 days). Univariate analysis indicated that the different types of transplantation and acute graft-versus-host disease affect the occurrence of hemorrhagic cystitis. The children with Allo-PBSCT had higher incidence than those receiving Allo-PBSCT+Allo-UBT and Allo-BMT (P<0.05). The children at an age >or=6 years had obviously higher incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis than those at younger ages.

CONCLUSIONAge is the major factor that affects the occurrence of hemorrhagic cystitis in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for beta-thalassemia.

Age Factors ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cystitis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Transplantation, Homologous ; beta-Thalassemia ; therapy

Objective:This study evaluates the accessibility and equity of healthcare resources in deep mountain,shallow mountain,and plain suburban areas,taking Huairou,Mentougou,and Tongzhou districts of Beijing as examples,to identify factors contributing to the imbalance in resource allocation.Methods:Accessibility of healthcare services in the sample areas was measured using village-level health survey data and the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area(2SFCA)method.Equity of resource allocation was assessed using the Gini coefficient among other methods.Factors influencing imbalance were identified using the Geodetector and Spatial Lag Model.Results:The average accessibility scores for Huairou,Mentougou,and Tongzhou were 202.06,179.68,and 187.02,respectively.The Gini coefficients were 0.48,0.37,and 0.24,respectively.GDP,population density,and altitude were significant factors affecting accessibility.Conclusions and Suggestions:In Beijing,both plain and mountainous rural areas exhibited a spatial clustering of healthcare accessibility,higher near the city and lower in the suburbs,with plains performing better than mountains.Healthcare equity was ranked as plains>shallow mountains>deep mountains.Policies covering full healthcare services improved equity.It is recommended to strengthen the construction of village healthcare facilities and medical teams,improve the linkage of medical services at all rural levels,and enhance the willingness of villagers to seek primary care.Furthermore,gradual improvement of transportation and internet infrastructure is suggested to enhance the accessibility of online and offline medical services for villagers.