To investigate the change of the left atrial volume before and after the percutanous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV),the 3-D reconstruction of the left atrium volume gas performed in 16 patients.The left atrial volume was 135.76±54.25cm3in diastole and 83.26±31.79cm3in systole before the PBMV and 89.34±46.55m3in diastole and 55.43±18.84m3in systole after PBMV.The change of the left atrial volume before and after PBMV was significant.No significant correlation existed between left atrial volume and the left atrial pressure,left atrial volume and pulmonary artery pressure both before and after PBMV.

[Objective]To establish a method to determine the contents of glucase and fructose in extracts of leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. using HPLC-ELSD, and apply this method to study the content change of glucose and fructose in different solvents extracts in leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. [Methods] The chromatographic separation was achieved on Lichrospher NH2 column using a mobile phase composed of a mixture of acetonitrile and water(90:10) at a flow rate of 0.8mL·min-1 and the column temperature was 25℃.The ELSD drift tube temperature was set at 70℃ and the carrying gas was N2 and the flow rate of the gas was 1.6L·min-1. [Results] Glucose and fructose from extracts of the leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. could be wel separated, and the linearity ranges of glucose and fructose were shown at the concentration of 0.5840~1.168mg·mL-1 and 0.8256~1.8576mg·mL-1, the average recovery rate of glucose and fructose were 96.88%(RSD=1.11%) and 97.55%(RSD=1.15%), the stability of glucose and fructose was 2.12%and 0.38%, and the repeatability was 1.31% and 0.24%. Among the water extract,50% alcohol extract and 95% alcohol extract,the content of the glucose and fructose in the water extract was highest,which was 2.19mg·mL and 4.10mg·mL-1, the 50% alcohol extract was second, which was 1.13mg·mL-1 and 2.12mg·mL-1, and the 95% alcohol extract was lowest, which was 0.45mg·mL-1 and 0.65mg·mL-1.[Conclusion] The method is simple, accurate and has good repeatability, and can be used to determine the contents of glucose and fructose in the extract of leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. In this batch of leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq., the contents of fructose and glucose were of water extract>50%ethanol extract>95%ethanol extract.

Objective To study the relationship between NF kappa-B (NF-κB) and the development of diabetic macroangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, the expression level of Nuclear Faetor-κB in peripheral mononuclear cell of type 2 diabetes patients with and without macroangiopathy were compared, Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (slCAM-1) in plasma and immunohistochemical method was used to measure the activity of NF-κB in peripheral blood mononu-clear cell in 50 type 2 diabetes patients with macroangiopathy(G3) , 41 type 2 diabetes patients without maeroangiopathy(G2) and 30 nor-real control subjects(G1). Linear correlation model was used to analyze the correlation between the level of sICAM-1 and NF-κB. Results The expression level of Nuclear Factor-κB in peripheral mononuclear cell of G3 was significantly higher than that in G2 and G1(P <0.01). The concentration of plasma sICAM-1 in G3 was significantly higher than that in G2 and G1. The expression level of Nuclear Factor-κB in peripheral mononuclear cell of G2 was significantly higher than that in GI (P < 0.01). The concentration of plasma sICAM-1 in G2 was significantly higher than that in G1. The levels of plasma sICAM-1 in three groups were positive correlated with activity of NF-κB in peripher-al blood mononuclear cells(r = 0.376, 0.283, 0.302, P < 0.05). Conclusion Increased level of NF kappa-B in peripheral blood mono-nuclear might be risk factor for peripheral macroangiopathy in patients with diabetes. It may induce macroangiopathy via up-regulating sI- CAM-1 expression.

Objective: To prepare and characterize the matrine-loaded poloxamer hydrogels and explore their therapeutic effect on chronic eczema in mice. Methods: The matrine hydrogels were prepared with poloxamer 407 and 188 as matrix. The viscoelasticity of the matrine hydrogels was characterized by rheometer. The ear swelling and weight difference were tested, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were detected by ELISA method. The histopathological change of mouse ear tissues was examined via HE-staining, and the immunohistochemical examination was performed to detect the protease-activated re-ceptor-2(PAR-2)expression in mouse ear. These assays were performed to investigate the therapeutic effect of matrine hydrogels on chronic eczema in mice. Results: The matrine hydrogels had good fluidity and spreadability, and rapidly formed a transparent, viscous uniform hydrogel at the skin temperature. Compared with the normal group, the ear weight difference and swelling degree were significantly increased(P<0.05)at the 3, 5 and 10 days after the establishment of the chronic eczema model. Compared with the model group, the ear weight difference and swelling degree were reduced significantly in the martrine hydrogel group(P<0.01), and the serum TNF-α and IL-6 level(P<0.01)and the PAR-2 expression in the chronic eczema tissue(P<0.01, P<0.05)were both significantly decreased in the martrine hydrogel group. Conclusion: Martrine hydrogels could inhibit the inflammatory infiltration of dermal layer and the epidermal layer damage caused by chronic eczema, which are expected to be a good topical gel preparation for treating chronic eczema of skin.

Objective: To prepare and characterize armodafinil nanocrystals, and investigate its release in vitro. Methods: Anti-solvent precipitation technology was used to prepare the armodafinil nanocrystals. The formulation and preparation process of the armodafinil nanosuspension were optimized by the orthogonal design experiment with the average particle diameter as the evaluation index. The suspension was prepared into nanocrystals by freeze-drying technology. The particle size and the polydispersity coefficient of the armodafinil nanocrystals were measured. The X-ray powder diffraction method was used to investigate the crystal form transition of the armodafinil. The dissolution behavior of the armodafinil nanocrystals and raw substances was investigated and compared with each other by the slurry method. Results: The prepared amodafinil nanocrystals had a quite uniformly distributed particle size around 100 nm. The nanocrystals appeared to be in irregular form. After amodafinil was made into nanocrystals, the solubility and dissolution were significantly improved. The crystal form of amodafinil significantly changed after nanocrystallization. Conclusion: The preparation of a small and uniformly distributed particle size of amodafinil nanocrystals could significantly improve the dissolution performance of amodafinil, which is beneficial to improving the bioavailability of insoluble drugs.

OBJECTIVETo observe the primary prevention role of Wuling Capsule (WC) on poststroke depression (PSD) patients.

METHODSAcute stroke patients were recruited and randomized into 2 groups by stratification, 55 in each group. All patients received same routine treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Patients in the experimental group additionally took WC (0.33 g each pill), 3 pills per day, three times per day; while those in the control group additionally took placebos, 3 pills per day, three times per day. Two weeks consisted of one therapeutic course. The diagnosis of PSD was performed once every other week. Those in accordance with PSD diagnosis discontinued any drug therapy. Those not in accordance with PSD diagnosis continued the drug therapy for 1-12 therapeutic course(s) (in total of 6 months). If they were still not in accordance with PSD diagnosis, then they discontinued the drug therapy. The morbidity of PSD, the average time of depression occurrence, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) score, and adverse reactions were observed.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, and 6-month morbidity of PSD was 8%, 16%, and 34% in the experimental group, while they were 19.6%, 29.4%, and 54.9% in the control group. The occurrence rate was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Besides, there was statistical difference in the 6-month occurrence rate between the two groups (chi2 = 4.465, P < 0.05). The average time of PSD occurrence was longer in the experimental group than in the control group (14.96 +/- 8.31 weeks vs. 9.36 +/- 6.06 weeks; t=6.762, P < 0.05). The HAMD score at the PSD occurrence was 11.96 +/- 2.14 in the experimental group, lower than that of the control group (14.57 +/- 4.24), showing statistical difference (t=5.641, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWC was superior to the placebos in lowering the incidence of PSD, delaying the occurrence time of PSD, attenuating the depression degree of PSD, and had certain preventive effect on the incidence of PSD.

Aged ; Capsules ; Depression ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Primary Prevention ; Stroke ; complications

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Computer-Aided Design ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microsurgery ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Polyesters ; chemistry ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Starch ; chemistry ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of mononuclear cells Inter-leukin-18(IL-18)and early renal damage in diabetic patients.Methods 480 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)in our hospital from Jan.2010 to Dec.2012 were selected.According to urine albumin excretion rate, They were randomly divided into diabetic group, micro proteinuria group, and proteinuria group.160 cases of normal people were selected as the control group.Glycosylated hemoglobin, serum cholesterol, serum triglycer-ides, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen.2 h postprandial blood glucose and urine protein were detected.Af-ter mononuclear cells being isolated and cultured for 12 h and 24 h, IL-18 was detected.-137G/C and-607C/A gene polymorphism were detected.Results Normal group were significantly lower than diabetes group, micro proteinuria group, and proteinuria group(P<0.01)in BMI, 2 h postprandial blood sugar, cholesterol, glycosy-lated protein, urea nitrogen and serum creatinine index.Micro proteinuria group and proteinuria group were high-er than diabetic group in 2 h blood sugar, cholesterol, glycosylated protein, urea nitrogen and serum creatinine index(P<0.05).Diabetes group, micro proteinuria group, and proteinuria group were significantly higher than normal group in urine protein, 12 h IL 18 and 24 h IL-18(P<0.01).Micro albuminuria and proteinuria group was significantly higher than diabetic group in urine protein, 12 h IL 18 and 24 h IL-18(P<0.01).There were positive correlation between urine protein and 12 h, 24 h IL-18(r=0.454, P<0.01; r=0.479, P<0.01). There was statistical difference between albuminuria group and diabetes group in -137G/C genotype frequency (χ2 =5.45, P<0.05) and there was statistical differencebetween the allele frequency distribution(χ2 =5.76, P<0.05) .Conclusions IL-18 can be used as an indicator for detecting early renal damage.Gene -137G/C polymorphism may increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy by upregulating the expression of IL-18.

Objective To investigate the seasonal variability of the onset of acute deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Methods The clinical manifestations in 774 DVT patients during January 2008 to December 2012 were collected and circular distribution statistics was used to identify seasonal variability.Results The total sample had the significant seasonal variability (P ＜ 0.01):DVT was most frequent in winter while less frequent in summer and the peak day was January 1.Female subgroup has significant seasonal variability (P ＜0.01):on peak in winter and at trough in summer while male subgroup has no significant seasonal variability (P ＜ 0.01).Different age subgroups (＜ 40 years,40-69 years,＜70 years)have significant seasonal variability(P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01).DVT was most common in December and less frequent in August.Left lower limb subgroup and both lower limb subgroup has significant seasonal variability (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01),on peak in December-January.Immobilization subgroup also has significant seasonal variability (P ＜ 0.001):frequent in winter,January 1 is on the peak.Conclusions DVT has significant seasonal variability in onset:it is most frequently seen in winter while less frequent in summer.Some subgroups (female,＜70 years and immobilization) have the most significant seasonal variability in onset.

Objective To study the effects of the compound xueshuantong capsule ( FXC) against cerebral ischemia and hypoxia in mice. Methods KM mice were randomly divided into the sham operation group ( normal control group) , model control group, positive control group and FXC at high-,medium-and low-dose(0. 75,1. 50,and 2. 25 g·kg-1 ) groups. After intragastric administration for 7consecutive days,cerebral ischemia model was established by unilateral carotid arteries ligation. The cerebral water content and stroke index were recorded. The viability of the mice was determined by testing atmospheric hypoxia,sodium nitrite poisoning and acute cerebral anoxia. Results FXC decreased water content and stroke index of the mice suffered from unilateral carotid artery ligation dose-dependently (P<0. 05,P<0. 01) . It also prolonged the survival of mice by tolerating absence of oxygen,sodium nitrite poisoning and acute cerebral anoxia (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusion FXC has a protective effect on cerebral ischemia and hypoxia in mice.