To identify the active constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients in vivo from Yin Chen Hao decoction provides scientific evidence for probing its prevention and treatment mechanism on acute liver injury. An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) method was applied for analysis of Yin Chen Hao decoction and the serum samples of mice with con-A induced acute liver injury after preventive oral administration for 14 days (the use of all laboratory animals in this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Naval Medical University, 19YF1459400). A total of 90 chemical constituents were identified from Yin Chen Hao decoction, mainly were flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, quinones. 5 prototype compounds were identified in the serum, including chrysophanol, deoxyrhapontin-8-O-gallate, mussaenosidic acid, herniarin, emodin. The established UPLC-QTOF/MS method could efficiently and sensitively identify the constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients of Yin Chen Hao decoction, primarily clarify the material basis of its hepatoprotective effect, and provided a scientific basis for the quality marker selection and the pharmacodynamic material basis research on the decoction.

OBJECTIVETo study the antigenic properties of mutant hepatitis B virus surface antigen, to understand the sensitivity of the commercially available HBsAg assays to the variants and to reduce the undetectability of the variants.

METHODSRecombinant eukaryotic expression plasmids for HBsAg. The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmids pSS1adr, pSS1adw2, pSS1adw2- 145Arg, pSS1adr-126 Asn and pSS1adr-126Ser were transfected into COS-7 cells. HBsAg in the supernatants of transfected cells was detected by using different commercial ELISA kits.

RESULTSThe absorbance value of pSS1adr-126 Asn and pSS1adr-126Ser plasmids were similar to that of the wild type HBsAg, the absorbance value of pSS1adw2-145Arg plasmids was lower than that of the wild type HBsAg.

CONCLUSIONIt is estimated that the antigenicity of HBsAg mainly depended on the amino acid sequence of "a" antigen determinant and its conformation, so 145 amino acid substitutions led to the change of conformation and the antigenicity of variant HBsAg was lower than that of the wild type.

Animals ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; immunology ; Mutation ; Transfection ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

BACKGROUNDUrethral reconstruction for both congenital and acquired etiologies remains a challenge for most urologic surgeons. Tissue engineering has been proposed as a strategy for urethral reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a naturally derived extracellular matrix substitute developed for urethral reconstruction would be suitable for urethral repair in an animal model.

METHODSA urethral segmental defect was created in 20 male rabbits. The urethral extracellular matrix, obtained and processed from rabbit urethral tissue, was trimmed and transplanted to repair the urethral defect. Then, the regenerated segment was studied histologically by haematoxylin-eosin staining and Van Gieson staining at 10 days, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 24 weeks postoperation. Retrograde urethrography was used to evaluate the function of the regenerated urethras of 4 rabbits 10 and 24 weeks after the operation. The urodynamics of 4 rabbits from the experimental group and control group I were assessed and compared. In addition, 4 experimental group rabbits were examined by a urethroscope 24 weeks after the operation.

RESULTSAt 10 days after operation, epithelial cells had migrated from each side, and small vessels were observed in the extracellular matrix. The matrix and adjacent areas of the host tissue were infiltrated with inflammatory cells. The epithelium covered the extracellular matrix fully at 3 weeks postoperation. Well-formed smooth-muscle cells were first confirmed after 6 weeks, at which point the inflammatory cells had disappeared. At 24 weeks postoperation, the regenerated tissue was equivalent to the normal urethra. Urethrography and urodynamic evaluations showed that there was no difference between normal tissue and regenerated tissue.

CONCLUSIONSUrethral extracellular matrix appears to be a useful material for urethral repair in rabbits. The matrix can be processed easily and has good characteristics for tissue handling and urethral function.

Animals ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Urethra ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo estimate the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in elderly population.

METHODSAn quasi-experimental study was used. 590 elderly people who volunteered to receive the influenza vaccine were served as vaccine group, while 602 persons who did not want to receive the inoculation but could match the vaccine group were served as controls. One baseline and three follow-up surveys were carried out.

RESULTSThe protective rates of influenza like ill (ILI) as 52.38%, 36.84% and 37.89% with the decreasing rates of visits to ILI clinic as 45.16%, 50.54% and 50.54% were found after 1 month, 3 month and 6 month of inoculation of influenza vaccine; The protective rates of common cold, other respiratory tract or chronic disease were 49.54%, 64.54%, and 38.82%, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio was 4.98:1 in elderly population.

CONCLUSIONInfluenza vaccination could decrease ILI incidence and recurrence rates of related chronic diseases on elderly population to provide better economic benefits for the elderly.

Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; economics ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vaccination

Objective To investigate the expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) of skeletal muscle cells and the changes of skeletal muscle microstructure of diabetic rats, and to explore the relationship between the expressions of GLP-1R and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, normal glucose tolerance ( NT, n =25 ) , diabetes group ( DM group, n=30), the methods of creating diabetes model were used high-sugar high-fat diet and low-dose in-traperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Immunohistochemical methods was used to detect the expression of GLP-1R in the muscle cells. The number of GLP-1R positive cells in the muscle of two groups was observed and compared. The relationship was analyzed between the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the number of GLP-1R positive cells. Results ⑴Compared to the NT group, the num-ber of GLP-1R positive cells in muscle of DM group was decreased (P<0. 05); ⑵ Compared to the NT group, HOMA-IR was increased in DM group (P<0. 05);⑶ Pearson correlation analysis showed that the percentage of GLP-1R positive cells expressed in rat skeletal muscle was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r= -0. 538, P<0. 01). Conclusions The expression of GLP-1R positive cells was decreased in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats, insulin resistance increased. Therefore, the expression of GLP-1R on skele-tal muscle cells may promote the development of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in human breast cancer tissues and its clinical significances.

METHODSThe expression of TCTP in 94 human breast cancer and the corresponding adjacent normal mammary tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe expression rate of TCTP was 64.89% in human breast cancer tissues, significantly higher than that in normal benign mammary tissues (39.36%, P<0.001). TCTP overexpression was positively correlated to the tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and histological grade of breast cancer (P<0.05). Patients with positive TCTP expression had a significantly shorter mean survival time than those with negative expression (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONTCTP may play an important role in the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer, and can be an important prognostic factor for this malignancy.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the effect of Zheng's 4C suspension transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery(TU-LSSS)in the treatment of cervical cancer,and analyze its prognosis.Methods A total of 92 patients with cervical cancer admitted to our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group(traditional laparoscopic surgery)and the observation group(Zheng's 4C suspension TU-LSSS),with 46 cases in each group.The perioperative related indicators of patients between the two groups were compared.The patients were followed up for 3 years,the progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were recorded,and the influencing factors of prognosis were analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,patients in the observation group had longer surgical time(P<0.05),less intraoperative bleeding(P<0.05),shorter recovery time for postoperative bowel sounds and hospital stay(P<0.05),higher postoperative 3-year PFS rate and 3-year OS rate(P<0.05).During 3-year follow-up,there were 11 cases of disease progression or death.The univariate analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences in tumor diameter,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,vascular infiltration,and treatment methods of patients between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group(P<0.05).The binary Logistic regression results showed that tumor diameter(≥4 cm),clinical stage(≥stage ⅠB2),lymph node metastasis,and vascular infiltration were the risk factors for the prognosis of patietns with cervical cancer(P<0.05),while Zheng's 4C suspension TU-LSSS was the protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Zheng's 4C suspension TU-LSSS can effectively promote the recovery of patients with cervical cancer,and improve 3-year PFS rate and 3-year OS rate.The prognosis is related to many factors,and targeted treatment should be performed according to different risk factors.

OBJECTIVETo clone human PD-1 gene, construct a prokaryotic expression plasmid and express in E. coli.

METHODSThe human PD-1 cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR from the total RNA, which was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocyte cell of the patient with chronic hepatitis B. Recombinant PD-1 protein was been expressed and purified after the prokaryotic expression plasmid had been constructed. It was identified by SDS-PAGE, DNA sequencing and amino acid sequencing.

RESULTSThe PD-1 gene was cloned and confirmed by DNA sequencing. The recombinant protein was expressed in E. coli. The purified protein was obtained, then been confirmed by amino acid sequencing.

CONCLUSIONThe human PD-1 gene was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli, which lays the foundation for further study on the function and application of PD-1.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; Prokaryotic Cells ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUNDThe association between IGF2BP2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been repeatedly confirmed among different ethnic populations. However, in several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the Chinese Han population, the gene IGF2BP2 has not been replicated. The results of relevant studies for the association between IGF2BP2 and T2DM showed controversy in Chinese Han population. It is necessary to systematically evaluate the contribution of common variants in IGF2BP2 to T2DM in Chinese Han population.

METHODSTwo single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs4402960 and rs1470579) in IGF2BP2 were genotyped in Chinese Han population (3807 controls/4531 T2DM cases) by Illumina GoldenGate Indexing assay. The association between SNPs and T2DM was evaluated by multiple Logistic Regression analysis. A meta-analysis was used to estimate the effects of IGF2BP2 in 20854 Chinese Han individuals.

RESULTSrs1470579 and rs4402960 were confirmed to have strong association with T2DM in the Chinese Han population (rs1470579 P = 1.80×10(-7), OR (95% CI) = 1.22 (1.14-1.32), rs4402960 P = 7.46×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 1.26 (1.17-1.37), respectively). Moreover, 11 studies for rs4402960 were included in the meta-analysis and 7 studies for rs1470579. The meta-analysis also showed the association between T2DM and IGF2BP2 (rs1470579 OR of 1.15 (95% CI = 1.10-1.19), P < 0.0001 under an additive model and rs4402960 OR of 1.14 (95% CI = 1.10-1.18), P < 0.0001 under an additive model).

CONCLUSIONIGF2BP2 was strongly associated with the risk of T2DM in Chinese Han population.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long-term clinical results and the factors that influences the outcomes of the revision open lumbar discectomy by fenestration.

METHODSFifty-one patients, who underwent the second open discectomy by fenestration from January 1 1988 to December 31 1994, were followed for an average of 146.8 months (range, 120 to 203 months). The long-term follow-up results were evaluated by using the MacNab classification and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system through direct examinations and questionnaires. Radiography was also used in patients who agreed to visit the hospital, and findings were compared with those on preoperative radiographs.

RESULTSAt the final follow-up, with the MacNab classification an excellent and good outcome was achieved in 70.6% of the cases, 78.4% were satisfied with their results. The failure rate was 15.7% (8 patients). Excluding those 8 failed cases who needed another reoperation, the average improvement calculated by JOA scores was (64.6 +/- 18.2)%. The disc height of the operation site significantly decreased after surgery, nevertheless, this did not affect the long-term clinical outcome. Factors that were associated with a fair and bad outcome included smoking, isolated trauma or injury, fibrosis and the length of the remaining or recurrent primary postoperative symptoms history. Psychosociological signs were probably known as negative predictors of lumbar disc surgery outcome.

CONCLUSIONThe long-term outcome of the revision open lumbar discectomy by fenestration in this series was favorable. Because the revision operation is typically associated with a higher complexity, selection of suitable surgical candidates and determination of valid indications for operative treatment are very important. JOA scores have proved to be easy to perform for patients and clinicians and standardize subjective data.

Adult ; Aged ; Diskectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome