Humans ; Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

China boasts for its abundant resources of Trapa L.The fruit of Trapa has been given high edible and medicinal values so far.Trapa L.plants mainly contain terpenoids,sterols,phenolic acids and flavonoids.Current studies profotmdly analyzed the biological activities on hypoglycemic,anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of it.Some preliminary studies over biological activities included the effects on reducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),the inhibition of H2O2-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells,inducing HeLa cell apoptosis,analgesia,liver protection,anti-atherosclerosis and deworming.This paper reviewed literature on the chemical constituents and biological activities of Trapa L for the provision of a reference for the exploration and utilization of Trapa L.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels,and to study the in vitro re-lease property of it. METHODS:Taking PLGA-PEG-PLGA as matrix and mannitol as viscosity modifiers,Methotrexate thermosen-sitive hydrogels were prepared. Using the absolute value of the deviation of gelation temperature between 35 ℃,its formulation was optimized by orthogonal test using the concentrations of PLGA-PEG-PLGA,methotrexate and mannitol as factors. The dialysis bag method was used to investigate accumulative release rate of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels and methotrexate solution within 336 h in vitro. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as PLGA-PEG-PLGA of 20%,methotrexate of 0.10% and mannitol of 0.10%;gelation temperature were 35.1,35.0,35.0℃. The average drug-loading rate was more than 90%. 12 d accumulative re-lease rate was more than 90%(r=3). Methotrexate solution has been substantially completely relased within 240 h. CONCLU-SIONS:Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels with sustained-release are prepared successfully,and the preparation technology is simple and practical.

Objective:To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of three flavonoids on ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells under hypoxia. Methods:The SKOV3 cells were divided into normoxic group and hypoxic group. The hypoxic SKOV3 cellular model in vitro was es-tablished and tested by measuring the expression profile of HIF-1αprotein in SKOV3 cells. Colony-forming assay was used to detect the radiosensitivity of normoxic and hypoxic SKOV3 cells. The cytotoxicity and radiosensitizing effects of flavonoids were evaluated on the basis of cell death and MTT assay. Results:The Western blot results showed that the gray intensity ratio of HIF-1α/β-Actin in hypoxia group was significantly higher than that in normoxia group (1. 068>0. 117). Radiosensitivity of hypoxic SKOV3 cells in hypoxia group was significantly lower than that in normoxia group. The survival rate of SKOV3 cells was decreased with the increase of concentration. When the concentration was increased, D0 and Dqin chrysin group and quercetin group were significantly decreased (P<0. 01), and SER was increased (P<0. 05). SER showed no significant difference in breviscapine group (P>0. 05). The overall radiobiological parameters of hypoxia group were higher than those of normoxia group. Conclusion: Hypoxia can induce the expression of HIF-1α in SKOV3 cells, which results in the decrease of radiosensitivity. Chrysin and quercetin can enhance the radiosensitivity of SKOV3 cells, and the enhancement is significant under hypoxia, while breviscapine is without such effect. The radiosensitizing effect may be achieved by the level decrease of HIF-1α in SKOV3 cells and inhibition of DNA damage repair.

Objective To prepare triamcinolone acetonide acetate(TAA)thermosensitive hydrogel for intra-articular injection,and to investigate its release in vitro. Methods TAA suspending thermosensitive hydrogel was prepared by using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)-polyethylene glycol(PEG)-PLGA as gel matrices,xanthan gum as suspending agent and NaCl as flocculant. It was evaluated preliminarily by determining its contents and its in vitro release. Results The best compositions for preparation of TAA suspending thermosensitive hydrogel were 25% PLGA-PEG-PLGA,0.05% xanthan gum, 0.9% NaCl and 4 mg·mL-1 TAA.The gelation temperature was 35.3 ℃ .The average recovery was(98.98±0.31)%. By the method of membraneless dissolution,the accumulative drug release was up to 83. 31% at 16 days. The drug release followed Ritger-Peppas methematical model. Conclusion The TAA thermosensitive hydrogel with obviously sustained release is expected to become a new drug delivery system for intra-articular injection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods and minimally invasive treatment of prostatic utricle cyst.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 9 cases of prostatic utricle cyst, of whom 5 presented with frequent or urgent micturition, 3 with difficult urination or thinning urinary stream, and the other 1 with hemospermia. All the cases underwent ultrasonography and MRI. Transurethral cyst deroofing was performed for 3 of the patients with smaller cysts close to the prostatic urethra, and laparoscopic excision of the prostatic utricle was conducted for the other 6 with bigger cysts behind the prostatic urethra.

RESULTSThe duration of transurethral cyst deroofing ranged from 30 to 50 min and intraoperative bleeding was 20 -70 ml; the mean time of laparoscopic excision of the prostatic utricle was 100 - 150 min and intraoperative bleeding was 30 -50 ml. All the patients were followed up for 3 - 12 months, which revealed normal penile erection and ejaculation, and no urinary tract irritation or difficult urination.

CONCLUSIONUltrasonography and MRI are excellent imaging modalities for accurate depiction of prostatic utricle cyst. Transurethral cyst deroofing is valuable for prostatic utricle cyst close to the prostatic urethra. Laparoscopic excision of the prostatic utricle, owing to its safety, effectiveness, minimal invasiveness, fewer complications and rapid recovery, can be used as the first option for the treatment of prostatic utricle cyst.

Adult ; Cysts ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Prostatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety and efficacy of the transabdominal-hiatal approach of radical gastrectomy for the advanced proximal gastric cancer.

METHODSThe clinical data of 40 advanced proximal gastric cancer patients with involvement of distal esophagus admitted in Tongcheng People's Hospital from June 2003 to September 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients included 27 men and 13 women with a mean age of 56.1 years (range: 37 to 76 years). The data were compared with those of 40 proximal gastric cancer patients undergoing standard thoracoabdominal approach (control group) during the same period.

RESULTSAs compared with the control group, the transabdominal-hiatal approach showed less blood loss [(181.3 ± 63.7) ml vs.(248.8 ± 79.7) ml], shorter operating time [(4.1 ± 0.6) h vs. (5.3 ± 0.7) h], shorter ICU stay [(6.5 ± 5.7) d vs. (19.4 ± 18.0) d] and shorter postoperative hospital stay [(14.0 ± 2.3) d vs.(18.7 ± 3.0) d] (all P<0.05). The complication rates of transabdominal-hiatal approach group and thoracoabdominal approach group were 7.5% (3/40) and 10.0% (4/40), and the 5-year survival rates were 51.3% and 60.0%, respectively (both P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe transabdominal-hiatal approach of radical gastrectomy for proximal gastric cancer is safe and effective, which may substitute the standard thoracoabdominal technique.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of gonadotrophin (Gn) dose and ovarian response with the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSPatients undergoing IVF-ET with Gn stimulation for no more than 15 days were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups, namely group A (390 cycles) with total Gn dose :3375 IU and retrieved oocytes:4, group B (64 cycles) with total Gn dose :3375 IU and retrieved oocytes < or =3, and group C (97 cycles) with total Gn dose< or =3300 IU and retrieved oocytes< or =3. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of these 3 groups were comparatively analyzed.

RESULTSThe clinical pregnancy rate and delivery rate were 38.8% and 32.5% in group A, 16.7% and 10.4% in group B, and 27.3% and 23.4% in group C, respectively. The follicle number, oocyte number, number of embryo transferred, peak serum E2 level, clinical pregnancy rate and delivery rate were significantly higher in group A than in groups B and C (P<0.05). Groups B and C had similar follicle number, oocyte number, and number of available embryos, but group C had significantly lower total Gn dose (P<0.05); the peak serum E2 level, clinical pregnancy rate and delivery rate were lower in group B than in group C, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIn patients receiving a relatively low dose of Gn with smaller number of retrieved oocytes, Gn dose increment can improve the clinical pregnancy rate and delivery rate, suggesting a state of relatively poor ovarian response or mild ovarian reserve decrease; failure of increasing the number of oocytes retrieved with greater Gn dose suggests severely decreased ovarian responsiveness or ovarian reserve and also poor clinical prognosis.

Adult ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Ovarian Follicle ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Ovary ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Ovulation Induction ; methods ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in couples with the husband positive for chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV).

METHODSThis study involved 102 infertile couples receiving IVF-ET with the husbands(but not the wives) positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and another 204 couples negative for HBsAg receiving the treatment served as the control group. The cumulative embryo score, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, rate of good quality embryos, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, first trimester and late miscarriage rates, delivery rate, and neonatal malformation rate were recorded and compared between the two groups.

RESULTSBetween the HBsAg-positive and the control groups, the cumulative embryo score (52.8-/+18.7 vs 55.4-/+16.9), insemination rate (66.9% vs 66.1%), cleavage rate (97.6% vs 97.2%), rate of good quality embryos (34.0% vs 37.1%), implantation rate (40.9% vs 34.6%), clinical pregnancy rate (56.9% vs 50%), first trimester miscarriage rate (6.9% vs 5.9%) and late pregnancy miscarriage rate (8.6% vs 4.9%), delivery rate (40.2% vs 43.6%) and neonatal malformation rate (0 vs 0) were all similar (P>0.05;).

CONCLUSIONChronic HBV infection in the husband might not affect the outcome of IVF-ET treatment.

Case-Control Studies ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome

[Objective]To investigate whether IRF5 can inhibit invasion ability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by re-ducing PARP-1(poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1).[Methods]Forty-six specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 51 specimens of normal tissue were confirmed by pathologically in this study.The expression of IRF5 and PARP-1 in naso-pharyngeal carcinoma tissues and normal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The IFR5 overexpression plasmid was transfected into the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2,quantitative PCR and immunoblotting was used to value the expression of IRF5 after transfection.The wound healing and transwell assay was used to investigate the invasion ability. The expression of PARP-1 was valued by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting after over-expression of PFR5.[Results]The results showed that the expression of IRF5 in cancer tissues was lower than that in normal tissues,but the PARP-1 expression was opposite. The IRF5 overexpressing cell line CNE-2/IFR5 was established. The healing rate of CNE-2/IFR5 cells was lower than that of the control cells(P<0.01). Transwell experiments revealed that the number of CNE-2/IFR5 cells passing through the basement membrane was smaller than that of the control group(P<0.01),suggest-ing that up-regulation of IFR5 could inhibit the invasiveness of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Over-expression of IFR5 led to reduced PARP-1 mRNA and protein(P<0.01).Besides,elevation of PARP-1 can prevent IRF5-induced changes of invasion ability.[Conclusion]Therefore,we speculated that IRF5 can inhibit invasion ability of nasopharyngeal carci-noma by reducing the expression of PARP-1.This study provided a new target for inhibiting the invasion ability of naso-pharyngeal carcinoma based on IRF5.