OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction proces of protein and polysaccharides from Antler Velvet using high intensity pulsed electric fields. METHODS: With water as solvent, electric field intensity, pulse number and solid-liquid ratio as investigation parameters, an L9(34) orthogonal test was used to determine the optimal process for simultaneous extraction of protein and polysaccharides from Antler Velvet. RESULTS: When the extraction by high intensity pulsed electric fields was conducted at the solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g·mL-1 and electric field intensity of 20 kV·cm-1, with pulse number of 10, the protein extraction rate reached 12.32%, and polysaccharides extraction rate could reach 3.25%. CONCLUSION: The optimized process can effectively and simu-taneously extract protein and polysaccharides from Antler Velvet.

Aerospace medicine has paid more and more attention to abnormal changes of physiological functions induced by weightlessness and studies on their prevention during space flight. In this paper, the effect of space weightlessness on cognitive functions was introduced. We tried to analyze the correlation between the cognitive function changes and relevant Chinese medical syndromes, thus providing a potential available way to prevent and treat weightlessness induced cognitive deficit during space flight.
Aerospace Medicine ; Cognition ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Weightlessness

Photodynamic therapy(PDT) is a treatment modality by highly reactive oxygen intermediates generated through the interaction of light with a photosensiziter. It has been shown to be an effective treatment for various cutaneous and noncutaneous malignancies. It is efficient for the curative and palliative treatment of epithelial skin tumor in situ or early invasive lesions. In effect, it is a useful alternative treatment for the lesions located on anatomically difficult areas or the large-sized lesions. We treated a case of Bowen's disease arising on the plantar area and 3rd and 4th toewebs of left forefoot in a 61-year-old man with PDT using the hematoporphyrin derivative, porfirmer sodium(Photofrin, Russia) as a photosensitizer and gold vapor laser as a visible light source. The outcome showed partial clinical improvement after about 2 months' follow-up.
Bowen's Disease* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoporphyrin Derivative ; Humans ; Lasers, Gas ; Light ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; Palliative Care ; Photochemotherapy* ; Skin

Clear cell sarcoma of the tendon and aponeurosis was first described by Enzinger in 1965, and has become a well-accepted clinicopathological entity as malignant melanoma of soft parts. Although it posesses the ability to produce melanin, it is quite different from conventional melanoma in that, it is more deeply located, usually associated with tendon and aponeurosis, displays pale-staining round to oval-shaped tumor cells and has a longer clinical course and better prognosis.Several cases have been reported in Korea, and we experiened an additional case of this rare tumor that showed ulceration.
Korea ; Melanins ; Melanoma ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell* ; Tendons* ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass induces an acute systemic inflammatory response mediated by complement activation and cytokine release. This response is likely to cause capillary leak syndrome and organ dysfunction in infants. Removing harmful cytokines and complement anaphylatoxins after cardiopulmonary bypass may attenuate this response. This study was conducted to see if the modified ultrafiltration and postoperative peritoneal dialysis can reduce plasma inflammatory mediators in pediatric cardiac surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 30 infants (age 1.1 to 12.6 months) who underwent closures of ventricular septal defect using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled in this study. These patients were divided into three groups; 10 patients selected randomly underwent modified ultrafiltration (Group U), 10 with small body weights ( Anaphylatoxins ; Body Weight ; Capillary Leak Syndrome ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Complement Activation ; Complement C3a ; Complement System Proteins ; Cytokines ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Infant ; Interleukin-6 ; Peritoneal Dialysis* ; Plasma ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Ultrafiltration*

No abstract available.
Splenectomy*

Objective:To evaluate the anti-HIV-1 activity of two new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), JB25 and JB26, in combination with 3 approved drugs (AZT, EFV, SQV)in vitro.Methods:The serially diluted 10 concentrations of JB25 and JB26 were combined with 7 serially diluted AZT, EFV and SQV respectively.The combination was added to 384 cell culture plates and then cocultured with HIV-1 ⅢB infected MT-2 cells for 3 days. Finally, the HIV-1 production was determined by measuring the expression of reporter genes of TZM bl cells. The data were analyzed by MacSynergy Ⅱ software.Results:The average capacity of synergism/antagonism of JB25 with AZT, EFV and SQV was 244.45/-5.05(nmol/L)~2%, 119.58/-65.93 (nmol/L)~2% and 145.83/-0.32 (nmol/L)~2% respectively;the average capacity of synergism/antagonism of JB26 with AZT, EFV and SQV was 398.90/0(nmol/L)~2%, 103.62/-0.49(nmol/L)~2% and 138.473/-0.27 (nmol/L)~2% respectively. Conclusion:Two new NNRTIs JB25 and JB26 develop synergism when combined with 3 approved drugs, respectively. MacSynergy Ⅱ software could evaluate the anti-HIV-1 activity of drug combination.

In 25 aortic regurgitation patients relationship between degree of aortic regurgitation graded by 2-D color Doppler echocardiography and diastolic fluttering of anterior mitral leaflet on M-mode echocardiography was evaluated. The results were that all 13 aortic regurgitation patients, not associated with mitral stenosis, showed diastolic fluttering of anterior mitral leaflet; but only 3 patients among 12 patients (25%), associated with mitral stenosis, had characteristic mitral fluttering. On the whole, regardless of associated mitral stenosis, the sensitivity was 64%. In severe aortic regurgitation (Grade 3, 4 group) 12/13 patients revealed diastolic fluttering of anterior mitral leaflet (sensitivity of 92%); in mild to moderate aortic regurgitation (Grade 1, 2 group), only 4/12 patients (sensitivity of 33%). In conclusion, 2-D color Doppler echocardiography is a very useful method for detection of aortic regurgitation without difficulty. And in aortic regurgitation, not associated with mitral stenosis, fine fluttering of anterior mitral leaflet is a very sensitive sign of existence of aortic regurgitation, though there may be some false positive findings in normal individuals.
Aortic Valve Insufficiency* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color* ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Stenosis

OBJECTIVETo study the regulative action of mica monomer powder preparation on the chief and parietal cells as well as G and D cells in the gastric mucosa of the experimental atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats.

METHODSIntervention therapy was given to the experimental CAG rats at three different doses of mica monomer powder preparation to evaluate the changes of chief and parietal cells as well as G and D cells in the gastric mucosa and the histopathological changes of gastric mucosa.

RESULTSMica monomer powder preparation at three different doses could increase the amount of chief and parietal cells as well as G and D cells in gastric mucosa of the experimental CAG rats and alleviate and control the inflammation of gastric mucosa and the atrophy of gastric mucosa glands. Especially, better effects were shown in the mid and high dose groups.

CONCLUSIONMica has the pharmacological action of protecting the gastric mucosa, enhancing blood flow of the gastric mucosa, and consequently improving the inflammatory responses of the gastric mucosa. One of the mechanisms is associated with promoting the secretion of gastric acid and gastric pepsin and regulating the neuroendocrine mechanism including gut hormone secretion (gastrin and somatostatin) by increasing the number of chief and parietal cells as well as G and D cells.

Aluminum Silicates ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Chief Cells, Gastric ; drug effects ; pathology ; Chronic Disease ; Gastric Mucosa ; drug effects ; pathology ; Gastrin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; pathology ; Inflammation ; Parietal Cells, Gastric ; drug effects ; pathology ; Powders ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Somatostatin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study regulative action of mica monomer granule preparation on gastrin (GAS), somatostatin (SS) and G cells as well as D cells of gastric mucosa in experimental chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rat.

METHODCAG rats were treated with mica monomer granule preparation with three different dosages--high, moderate and low level respectively. Changes of blood serum GAS, blood plasma SS and G cells as well as D cells of gastric mucosa in CAG rats were observed and detected with ELISA method, RIA method and immunocytochemistry method.

RESULTMica monomer granule of three different dosages could increase the quantity of G cells as well as D cells of gastric mucosa and the concentration of blood serum GAS and decrease the content of blood plasma SS in CAG rat at different level respectively. It was more effective in high and moderate dosage groups.

CONCLUSIONMica has the pharmacological action of protecting gastric mucosa, promoting the palingenesis of gastric gland and enhancing blood stream of gastric mucosa consequently to abate the inflammation reaction of gastric mucosa. Its effective mechanism is associated with the neuroendocrine regulative mechanism of promoting the secretion of gastric acid and gastric pepsin by increasing the amount of G cells as well as D cells and the concentration of blood serum GAS, and reducing inhibiting action on GAS secretion and enhancing the secretion of GAS by decreasing the content of SS.

Aluminum Silicates ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Gastrin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; Gastrins ; blood ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; blood ; pathology ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Somatostatin ; blood ; Somatostatin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects