Orange peel was used as lowcost adsorbent in binding of Methylene Blue.The effects of equilibrium time,pH,dye concentration have been studied.Carboxyl,amine and phosphonate functional groups were present in the orange peel.The equilibrium time was 1 hour,the maximum adsorption capacities of the orange peel was 370.3?31.0 mg/g at pH 10.The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were well fitted in this biosorption system.Results showed relatively higher rate constant and biosorption capacities.These adsorption performance indicate the orange peel as a potentially economical adsorbent for dye removal.

Background: The prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is unknown in China. We aimed to determine the prevalence of DDH in Chinese adults. Methods: In this study, we performed a cross?sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults. All participants underwent questionnaire investigation, physical examination, and X?ray examination. Factors associated with DDH were analyzed with logistic regression. Results: We invited 29,180 individuals aged 18 years and over to participate, randomly selected from 18 primary sampling units (street districts in urban areas and townships in rural areas). The survey and examination were completed in 25,767 people (10,296 men and 15,471 women). DDH was diagnosed in 391 people, yielding an overall DDH prevalence of 1.52%. Based on this information, we estimate the number of individuals with DDH in China to be approximately 16.05 million. DDH prevalence increased with age (odds ratio = 1.53 [1.03–2.27], P = 0.036), was significantly higher among women than men (2.07% vs. 0.75%, P < 0.001), and was higher among rural residents than urban residents (1.75% vs. 1.29%, P < 0.001). Economic development was independently associated with the presence of DDH. There was no evidence of an association between body mass index alone, education, or current smoking or drinking and risk of DDH (P > 0.05). Conclusions: DDH has become an important public health problem. Special attention should be paid to residents with DDH. Screening for DDH should be performed in China.

Danshen,an efficacious agent for cardiovascular diseases,has been found to play an essential role in kidney injury.In the present study,the effect of Danshen on cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction was investigated in a mouse model.Danshen was administered to mice at a dose of 3 g/kg 4 days before and 3 days after cisplatin treatment.A single intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg cisplatin was used to induce nephrotoxicity.The mice were sacrificed 72 h after cisplatin intoxication.Biochemical parameters including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were analyzed.Histopathological changes of kidney tissues were detected using HE staining.Antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD) and peroxidative product (MDA) were detected.Protein expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes including HO-1 and NQO1 were measured by Western blotting.The results showed that pretreatment with Danshen significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in the cisplatin-treated mice.Histopathological examination showed that Danshen mitigated the renal damage induced by cisplatin.Moreover,Danshen restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD) and normalized the MDA contents in renal tissues.Western blotting revealed that Danshen enhanced the expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes in cisplatin-exposed mice.It was suggested that Danshen protects against the cisplatin-induced renal impairment in the mice,which is potentially associated with the upregulation of Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the impact of Shenfushu granules on cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and explore the possible mechanisms.Methods Male institute of cancer research(ICR) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group (0.9％ NaC1),Shenfushu group (Shenfushu granules 1 g · kg-1),cisplatin group(0.9％ NaC1 for 9 d and a single dose of cisplatin 20 mg · kg-1 was given by intraperitoneal injection on 7th day),Shenfushu + cisplatin group (Shenfushu granules 1 g · kg-1 gavage for 9 d and a single dose of cisplatin 20 mg · kg-1 was given by intraperitoneal injection on 7th day).Animals were euthanized 72 h following cisplatin dosing.Biochemical parametem including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer.Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed inhistopathological examination.The peroxidative product malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected according to kits.Protein expressions of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1),quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1),multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion protein 1 (MATE1) were measured in western blot analysis.Platinum contents in kidney were determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method.Results The serum creatinine in cisplatin group and Shenfushu + cisplatin group were (12.14 ± 4.64),(7.60 ± 3.49) μmol · L-1;blood urea nitrogen were (34.12 ±9.48),(15.92 ±4.33) mmol · L-1;GSH-Px were (78.26 ±7.02),(95.87 ± 14.08) U· mg-1 protein;SOD were (8.85 ±3.99),(12.68 ±3.62) U · mg-1 protein,MDA were (6.96 ±2.25),(4.33 ± 1.50) nmol · mg-1 protein;platinum contents were (12.56 ± 1.30),(9.67 ± 0.97) ng · mg-1 tissue.Western blotting analysis revealed that Shenfushu granules enhanced expressions of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway and efflux transporter in cisplatin-exposed animals.Conclusion Shenfushu granules exhibited renal protective effects on cisplatin-induced renal impairment,possibly associated with its modulating on Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway and efflux transporters.

To investigate the frequency of derivative chromosome 9 [der (9)] deletions in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), karyotype analysis in 138 patients with CML was performed with R-banding technique, and dual fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect der (9) deletion. The results showed that among 138 cases, 126 cases were Ph positive (91.3%) from which 122 cases were typical Ph translocation, 12 cases were Ph negative (8.7%). FISH detection revealed 23 with der (9) deletions out of 138 cases (16.7%), 20 out of 122 cases with typical Ph translocation showed typical Ph translocation (16.4%) and 3 out of 4 cases with variant Ph translocation had variant Ph translocation (75%). 20 cases were in chronic phase (CP) (17.2%), 3 cases were in blast crisis (BC) (17.6%), there was no significant difference in the frequency of the der (9) deletions between the cases in CP and in BC (p < 0.05). It is concluded that incidence of der (9) partial deletions in CML patients is 16.7%, FISH can effectively detect the der (9) deletions, and there is no correlation of der (9) deletion frequency between cases in different phases of CML.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sequence Deletion ; Young Adult

To investigate the curative effects of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) in the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 5 patients with CLL who poorly reacted to several cycles of fludarabine based protocols with or without rituximab were treated with 1 to 6 cycles of HDMP with 1 g/(m(2)xd) for d1-5. All the patients were at Binet stage C. 3 patients were at Rai stage IV and 2 were at Rai stage III. 2 patients were diagnosed as Richter syndrome. CD38 and ZAP-70 were expressed in 5 and 3 patients respectively. All the patients developed with B group symptoms including fever, night sweat and/or weight loss and so on. Clinical manifestations and complete blood cell count, peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspirate, hepatic and renal function, blood serum electrolytes, blood glucose were examined, CD5(+)CD19(+) lymphocytes of peripheral blood and bone marrow were determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that B group symptoms disappeared in 4 patients at 2 - 4 weeks after therapy. The size of enlarged lymph nodes was reduced in all the 5 patients. In 1 patient spleen was not palpable from 10 cm below costal margin at 2 weeks after therapy, and his hemafecia was alleviated. The renal function in another patient with renal failure recovered to normal after two cycles of therapy. Pancytopenia improved in 3 patients after therapy. CD5(+)CD19(+) lymphocytes decreased in all the patients. 4 patients acquired partial remission and 1 patient acquired stable status of disease. The side effects became mild. In conclusion, the therapeutic results preliminarily show that HDMP is an effective and safe protocol for the treatment of refractory CLL.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Sodium-glucose co-transporter protein 2 inhibitor(SGLT2i)has steadily demonstrated benefits in the treatment of type 2 diabetes complicated with cardiovascular diseases based on evidence-based medicine,but its precise mechanism is yet unknown.We identified type 2 diabetes patients with HFpEF by searching PubMed,Web of Science,China knowledge network(CNKI),and other databases.We then summarized the pathological mechanism of HFpEF caused by type 2 diabetes.At the same time,to link to evidence-based medical,we explored the future of SGLT2i in clinical application.

The aim of this study was to explore cytogenetic characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and compare the interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) with conventional cytogenetic (CC) analysis. A total number of 157 APL patients were recruited in this study, and the I-FISH and CC were applied to analyze cytogenetic features. Chromosome samples of bone marrow cells were prepared by short-term culture. Out of all 157 cases, 136 were observed with CC assay, 66 with I-FISH, of which 45 samples were analyzed with both methods. The results showed that among all 136 CC samples, t(15;17)(q22;q21) was found in 120 cases, of which 107 cases was isolated t(15;17)(q22;q21) abnormality, 13 cases was complex abnormalities and 12 case without mitotic figure. Among all 66 cases of I-FISH group, PMI/RARα fusion gene was found in 64 cases (97.0%), suggesting that I-FISH group was more sensitive than CC group (p = 0.041). It is concluded that combination of I-FISH and CC techniques plays a pivotal role for diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease in APL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

In order to evaluate the cytogenetic features and clinical significance of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), chromosome preparation of bone marrow cells was made by using 24-hour culture, and R-banding technique was employed for karyotyping in 362 patients with CML. The patients were divided into two groups of chronic phase (CP) and blast crisis (BC). The results showed that the incidence of additional chromosome, variant translocation and Philadelphia (Ph) negative, bcr/abl positive CML with abnormal chromosomes in CP group were 70 cases (26.1%), 19 cases (7.1%), 4 cases (1.5%), and were 50 cases (53.2%), 8 cases (8.5%), 4 cases (4.3%) in BC group. Among the 362 cases, 324 cases (89.5%) were Ph positive. Classic translocation was found in 297 cases (91.7%) and variant translocation in 27 cases (8.3%), including 13 cases of simple variant, 13 cases of complex variant and 1 case of marked Ph. Special karyotypes were found in 120 out of 362 cases. Analysis of these karyotypes demonstrated that the most common numerical abnormalities were +Ph (21.7%), +8 (10.0%), +21 (10.0%), +19 (7.5%) and structure abnormalities were i(17q) (13.3%). In conclusion, compared to chronic phase, the incidence of additional chromosome, variant translocation and so on are much higher at in blast crisis. It is feasible to evaluate the progress of the disease by karyotype analysis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of chromosome karyotype abnormality in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. 379 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia were enrolled in this study. Chromosome preparations were made on bone marrow cells by using direct method or short-term culture. Chromosome karyotypes were analyzed by R-banding technique. The results indicated that 216 out of 379 patients had clonal chromosome aberrations with the percentage of 56.99%, including 19 kinds of balanced translocations and 70 kinds of chromosome gain or loss. The most common structure and numerical abnormalities were t(15;17) and -Y with the percentage of 25.86% and 5.80%, respectively. -Y was accompanied by t(8;21) in 90.9% of the -Y abnormality cases, which accounted for 40.81% of t(8;21) positive cases. The abnormality of M(3) was significantly higher than the other FAB subtypes (p < 0.05). No significance was found between the male and female groups for the chromosome aberrations (p > 0.05). In conclusion, some specific chromosome aberrations are correlated with specific FAB subtype, which may contribute to the clinical diagnosis and subtyping of the disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Disorders ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult