AIM: To study the effectiveness of hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α - lipoic acid and Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 67 patientswith proliferative diabetic retinophathy ( PDR ) and vitreous hemorrhage, were divided into two groups: treatment group and control group. There were 32 cases in every group, the treatment group were giving hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α - lipoic acid intravenously and with traditional Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, control group were only given Chinese medicine treatment in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.
RESULTS: Followed up 2-3mo, the total efficiency of treatment group ( 78%) was better than control group (57%), there was statistically significant difference ( P<0-05 ) . The efficiency of the two groups' patients with vitreous hemorrhage more than 2wk time was 22% and 25% respectively, there was no statistically significant difference in the two groups (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Hyaluronidase periocular injection combined with α-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine in the treatment of PDR combined with vitreous hemorrhageis more effective than only use Chinese medicine. But it only has effect for the early, over 2wk, it has no significant effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of early rehabilitation intervention on the incidences of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and early diseases in preterm infants.

METHODSThe appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks and a birth weight of 1 000 to <2 000 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) within 24 hours after birth were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial. These infants were randomly divided into rehabilitation intervention group and control group. The infants in the rehabilitation intervention group were given early rehabilitation after their vital signs became stable, including oral sensory and muscle strength training and pressure touching of the head, chest, abdomen, extremities, hands, and feet. The primary outcome measures were the time to independent oral feeding, length of hospital stay, and incidence rate of EUGR. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence rates of related diseases in preterm infants, such as apnea, feeding intolerance, and sepsis.

RESULTSA total of 97 preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria and had complete data were enrolled, with 48 in the control group and 49 in the rehabilitation intervention group. The rehabilitation intervention group had a shorter time to independent oral feeding than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the rehabilitation intervention group had a shorter length of hospital stay and a lower corrected gestational age at discharge (P<0.05), as well as a lower incidence rate of EUGR (P<0.05). The rehabilitation intervention group ONCLUSIONS: Early rehabilitation intervention for preterm infants in the NICU may reduce the incidence rates of apnea, feeding intolerance, and EUGR and help them to achieve independent oral feeding early.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the respiratory pathogens and clinical features in children with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 225 children with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma, aged <14 years, who attended the outpatient service or were hospitalized from August 2017 to August 2019. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect 12 pathogens, i.e., respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A (IFVA), influenza virus B (IFVB), parainfluenza virus types 1-3 (PIV1-3), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (ADV), Bordetella pertussis (BP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). RESULTS: The overall detection rate of virus was 46.2% (104/225), and 7 kinds of viruses were detected, i.e., HRV (19.6%, 44/225), ADV (16.0%, 36/225), IFVB (5.8%, 13/225), RSV (4.9%, 11/225), IFVA (3.6%, 8/225), PIV3 (1.8%, 4/225), and HMPV (0.4%, 1/225). Of all pathogens, BP had the highest detection rate of 28.4% (64/225), and the detection rates of MP and CP were 16.4% (37/225) and 0.4% (1/225), respectively. The mild exacerbation group had a higher detection rate of BP than the severe exacerbation group (P<0.05), while the severe exacerbation group had significantly higher detection rates of RSV and MP than the mild exacerbation group (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the proportion of children with paroxysmal cough, spasmodic cough, fever, lung rales and abnormal lung imaging findings among the simple BP infection, simple virus infection and simple MP infection groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS BP, HRV, and MP are common respiratory pathogens detected in children with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma, and respiratory virus infection is an important pathogen of acute exacerbation of asthma in children. Acute exacerbation of asthma caused by different pathogens has different clinical features and severities.
Adolescent ; Asthma/diagnosis* ; Child ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human

Objective:To investigate the value of autoantibodies and serum levels of IgG4 and CA19-9 in the diagnosis of IgG4 associated cholangitis (IgG4-SC).Methods:Detect the serum IgG4 and CA19-9 of 41 clinical cases of IgG4-SC patients,162 clinical cases of non IgG4-SC patients and 40 healthy human serum samples by immunoassay and direct chemiluminescence methods, also detect the antinuclear antibodies (ANA),anti neutrophil antibody (ANCA),anti smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti mitochondrial antibody (AMA) of the above serum samples by indirect immunofluorescence and analyze the detection results.Results:①The positive rates of ANA,ANCA,SMA and AMA in patients with IgG4-SC were 41.46%,7.32%,0 and 2.44%.Among them,the positive rate of ANA was significantly different from that of the normal control group(P<0.01),and the positive rate of SMA and AMA was significantly different from that of non IgG4-SC group(P<0.01),and so as the positive rate of ANCA do with that of PSC group.②The number of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 increased samples were significantly compared with the normal control group (P<0.01);the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.979 and 0.646,respectively,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The high level of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 and autoantibody detection are of great accuracy and important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-SC.

The aim of this study was to explore the clinical effect and complications of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) in hematologic malignancies through retrospective analysis of 75 patients (42 male, 33 female; aged from 13 to 72 years old) received allo-PBSCT from HLA matched (n=61) or haploidentical donors (n=14). 75 patients included 35 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia, 5 patients with severe aplastic anemia, 3 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, one patients with multiple myeloma and one patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Conditioning regimens were (1) Cy/TBI or Bu/Cy; (2) Cy/TBI+Ara-C; (3) fludarabine+TBI/or (CTX+ATG). Minimal residual disease has been monitored regularly by PCR and FISH. Patients received cyclosporine A and methotrexate or ATG and anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody and mycophenolate mofetil for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Relapsing patients after transplantation received DLI and/or chemotherapy. Patient with CML were treated with imatinib. The results showed that 74 patients had hematopoietic reconstitution, and eventually converted to full donor chimerism by FISH or PCR-STR. The median time for the initial hematopoietic reconstitution was 15 (5-25) days. 46 out of 75 patients were alive and median duration was 23 (2-61) months. Among 29 dead patients, 9 died of disease relapse, 7 died of III-IV grade of acute GVHD and 7 died of severe infection (2 patients developed interstitial pneumonia). 9 out of 14 patients received haploidentical transplantation were alive, and the time of event-free survival was 30 (6-53) months, the mean survival time of 5 died patients was 7 (2-17) months. 16 patients were infected by cytomegalovirus, 2 of them died of interstitial pneumonia. None of them suffered from veno-occlusive disease in the liver. It is concluded that allo-PBSCT is effective to treat refractory hematologic diseases, and DLI/or chemotherapy should be used in the patients relapsing after transplantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effect of SirTl agonist resveratrol on IgA nephropathy rats and its mechanisms. Methods An IgA nephropathy rat model was established. The rats were divided into four groups randomly: control group, IgA nephropathy group, control treated with Res group and IgA nephropathy treated with Res group. The urine protein was detected by Ponceau S; the biochemical indexes were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; the pathological changes of kidney were observed by PAS and Masson staining; IgA deposition was observed by immunofluorescence; the expressions of PDGF-B and TGF-fil were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with IgA nephropathy group, the volume of 24-hour urinary protein and the expression of BUN and Scr in Res group decreased significantly, and the fluorescence of IgA in glomerulus was less in resveratrol group; mesangial cells and matrix proliferated and glomerular volume increased in IgA nephropathy group at the later stage, and both of them were significantly inhibited. Resveratrol could significantly reduce the high expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1 in IgA nephropathy group. Conclusions Res can inhibit the deposition of IgA immune complex in mesangial region of IgA nephropathy rats and reduce glomerulosclerosis by down-regulating the expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1, in turn it suppresses cell proliferation in mesangial region. It suggests that resveratrol plays an important role in slowing down the progression of IgA nephropathy.

BACKGROUNDStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) remains as an important microbial pathogen resulting in community and nosocomial acquired infections with significant morbidity and mortality. Few reports for S. aureus in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) have been documented. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in LRTIs in China.

METHODSA multicenter study of the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus in LRTIs was conducted in 21 hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai and twelve other provinces from November 2007 to February 2009. All the collected S. aureus strains were classified as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), mecA gene, virulence genes Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) and γ-hemolysin (hlg), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, agr type, and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST).

RESULTSTotally, nine methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and 29 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were isolated after culture from a total of 2829 sputums or bronchoalveolar lavages. The majority of MRSA strains (22/29) had a MIC value of ≥ 512 µg/ml for cefoxitin. The mecA gene acting as the conservative gene was carried by all MRSA strains. PVL genes were detected in only one S. aureus strain (2.63%, 1/38). The hlg gene was detected in almost the all S. aureus (100% in MSSA and 96.56% in MRSA strains). About 75.86% of MRSA strains carried SCCmec III. Agr type 1 was predominant (78.95%) among the identified three agr types (agr types 1, 2, and 3). Totally, ten sequence type (ST) of S. aureus strains were detected. A new sequence type (ST1445) was found besides confirming ST239 as the major sequence type (60.53%). A dendrogram generated from our own MLST database showed all the bootstrap values ≤ 50%.

CONCLUSIONOur preliminary epidemiology data show SCCmec III, ST239 and agr type 1 of S. aureus as the predominant strains in LRTIs in Mainland of China.

Alleles ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; pathogenicity

BACKGROUNDAcinetobacter baumanii (A. baumanii ) remains an important microbial pathogen resulting in nosocomial acquired infections with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanism by which nosocomial bacteria, like A. baumanii, attain multidrug resistance to antibiotics is of considerable interest. The aim in this study was to investigate the spread status of antibiotic resistance genes, such as multiple β-lactamase genes and aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes, from A. baumanii strains isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).

METHODSTwo thousand six hundred and ninety-eight sputum or the bronchoalveolar lavage samples from inpatients with LRTIs were collected in 21 hospitals in the mainland of China from November 2007 to February 2009. All samples were routinely inoculated. The isolated bacterial strains and their susceptibility were analyzed via VITEK-2 expert system. Several kinds of antibiotic resistant genes were further differentiated via polymerase chain reaction and sequencing methods.

RESULTSTotally, 39 A. baumanii strains were isolated from 2698 sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage samples. There was not only a high resistant rate of the isolated A. baumanii strains to ampicillin and first- and second-generation cephalosporins (94.87%, 100% and 97.44%, respectively), but also to the third-generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone at 92.31%, ceftazidine at 51.28%) and imipenem (43.59%) as well. The lowest antibiotic resistance rate of 20.51% was found to amikacin. The OXA-23 gene was identified in 17 strains of A. baumanii, and the AmpC gene in 23 strains. The TEM-1 gene was carried in 15 strains. PER-1 and SHV-2 genes were detected in two different strains. Aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene aac-3-Ia was found in 23 strains, and the aac-6'-Ib gene in 19 strains. aac-3-Ia and aac-6'-Ib genes hibernated in three A. baumanii strains that showed no drug-resistant phenotype.

CONCLUSIONSA. baumanii can carry multiple drug-resistant genes at the same time and result in multi-drug resistance. Aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes could be hibernating in aminoglycoside sensitive strains without expressing their phenotype.

Acinetobacter ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathogenicity ; Acinetobacter Infections ; microbiology ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; microbiology ; Sputum ; microbiology

Objective To explore the expressions and co-relationship of immune factors forkhead box p3 (FoxP3),chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 (CCL22),tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 40(OX40),and SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) in cervical carcinoma and investigate their immunomodulatory roles in cervical carcinogenesis.Methods Totally 30 cases of cervical carcinoma with adjacent tissues and 20 cases of normal cervix were collected in this study. FoxP3,CCL22,OX40,and Smad3 mRNA expressions were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared to normal cervix,the expression levels of FoxP3 and CCL22 mRNA were elevated in neoplastic foci(P=0.000,P=0.002) and tumor periphery (P=0.048,P=0.040).The mRNAs increased modestly in high-grade squamous cell carcinoma focal(P=0.019,P=0.020) and periphery tissue (P=0.023,P=0.031) in comparison with low-grade squamous cell carcinoma. The expression levels of OX40 and Smad3 mRNA were significantly lower in neoplastic foci(P=0.000,P=0.015) than normal cervix. Compared to low-grade squamous cell carcinoma focal and periphery tissue,the mRNAs decreased moderately in high-grade squamous cell carcinoma(P=0.018,P=0.030; P=0.027,P=0.014). In both neoplastic foci and tumor periphery,the mRNA expression level of CCL22 was positively correlated with FoxP3 (r=0.353,P=0.000; r=0.307,P=0.000) but negatively correlated with OX40 (r=-0.288,P=0.031; r=-0.263,P=0.037),while OX40 was positively correlated with Smad3 (r=0.384,P=0.002;r=0.288,P=0.023). The mRNA expressions of FoxP3 and CCL22 were increased in foci and pericarcinous tissues (P=0.024,P=0.039; P=0.032,P=0.034) while Smad3 was decreased in neoplastic foci (P=0.017) in contrast to HPV negative corresponding group. Conclusion FoxP3 and CCL22 expressions increase while OX40 and Smad3 expression decrease at mRNA level in the microenvironment of cervical cancer,which may be associated with such immunological model that the immunosuppressive roles of FoxP3 and CCL22 enhance while the immunity-boosting roles of OX40 and Smad3 are impeded,contributing to the deterioration of immune disequilibrium in local site and cervical cancer carcinogenesis.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; immunology ; Chemokine CCL22 ; metabolism ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, OX40 ; metabolism ; Smad3 Protein ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; immunology

Adolescent ; Humans ; Linezolid ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Pneumonia ; diagnostic imaging ; microbiology ; Vancomycin ; therapeutic use