No abstract available.
Humans ; Twins*

The association of colonic atresia in patients with Down syndrome is a rare anomaly. The incidence of congenital atresia of the gastrointestinal tract has been estimated to be about one in 1500 births. Colonic atresia is rarer still, and is throut to comprise about 5% to 10% of this group. This intestinal atresia occurs in about 30% to 50% of patient with Down syndrome. We experienced a case of Down syndrome associated with colonic atresia in a 1 day old male. His initial chief complaints at the admission were severe abdominal distension and Down appearance. Diagnosis was confirmed by chromosomal study and operative laparotomy with end-to-end ileodescending colostomy. We report the case with brief review of related literatures.
Colon* ; Colostomy ; Diagnosis ; Down Syndrome* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestinal Atresia ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Parturition

In the present study, we investigated the effects of exhaustive exercise and recovery on inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, and anti-oxidative responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Sixteen volunteers participated in a guided physical activity program in which they were subjected to progressive exercise on the treadmill until they were exhausted followed by an 1-hour recovery period. Isolated human PBMCs were collected before exercise, immediately after exercise, and after 1-hour recovery. Exhaustive exercise induced expression of heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and activation of NF-κB and NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Apoptosis, as measured by activity and cleavage of caspase-3 and its substrate PARP also significantly increased. However, induction of redox signaling and the pro-apoptotic response fully returned to the baseline level during the 1-hour recovery period. On the other hand, COX-2 expression was continuously elevated after exercise cessation throughout the 1-hour recovery period. Taking all these findings into account, we conclude that exhaustive exercise transiently induces Nrf2-mediated antioxidant gene expression and eliminates damaged cells through apoptosis as part of an adaptive cytoprotective response against oxidative and inflammatory stress.

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Plasma Cell* ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma*

BACKGROUND: An important constituent of normal human oral microflora has long been recognized. The increase in the incidence of candidal infections has been associated with the increase in the number of patients at risk. Especially, diabetic patients have been increased susceptibility to general and local infections, but it is often equivocal whether or not risk factors such as oral-ambient conditions are related to candidal colonization. OBJECTIVE: The isolates of candidal species were evaluated in the oral cavity of diabetic patients in comparison with non-diabetic, non-immunocompromized subjects. Risk factors that could influence candidal colonization in diabetic patients were also studied. METHOD: Candidal species were isolated from the oral mucosa of 205 diabetics and 62 non-diabetics, using oral swab and smear technique. They were identified by germ tube test, Cornmeal-Tween agar and API 20C system. RESULTS: The frequency of oral candidal isolates was more common in 130 isolates (63.4%) in diabetic patients compared with 23 (37.1%) isolates in controls (p<0.05), but insignificantly related in age and sex distribution of both groups (p>0.05). Germ tubes were formed in the 102 species and chlamydospores in the 105 species in diabetic patients. Candida(C) albicans among the species was the most frequent isolates in both groups (80.8% vs 69.6%). The isolated 130 candidal species, identified by API 20C system, in diabetic patients, showed C. albicans (104), C. tropicalis (16), C. parapsilosis (6), C. krusei (1), C. kefyr (1) and unidentified species (2) compared with C. albicans (16), C. tropicalis (2), C. parapsilosis (2), C. krusei (3), C. kefyr (3) in 23 of controls. These results were almost same in both groups except for the relative high frequency of C. kefyr in controls. As for the risk factors, the isolates were increased in diabetic patients who were smokers (p<0.05), but insignificantly associated with sex, age, glycosylated hemoglobin and wearing of denture (p>0.05). Candidal culture rate and diabetic duration were not correlated (p>0.05). The number of colonies in SDA plate was significantly increased in smokers and denture-wearers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The frequency of oral candidal isolates in diabetic patients is higher than in that of controls. Oral-ambient factors such as smoking, probably involve in the development of oral candidal colonization, but not being the result of a single factor.
Agar ; Candida ; Colon ; Dentures ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mouth ; Mouth Mucosa ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; Smoke ; Smoking

BACKGROUND: An important constituent of normal human oral microflora has long been recognized. The increase in the incidence of candidal infections has been associated with the increase in the number of patients at risk. Especially, diabetic patients have been increased susceptibility to general and local infections, but it is often equivocal whether or not risk factors such as oral-ambient conditions are related to candidal colonization. OBJECTIVE: The isolates of candidal species were evaluated in the oral cavity of diabetic patients in comparison with non-diabetic, non-immunocompromized subjects. Risk factors that could influence candidal colonization in diabetic patients were also studied. METHOD: Candidal species were isolated from the oral mucosa of 205 diabetics and 62 non-diabetics, using oral swab and smear technique. They were identified by germ tube test, Cornmeal-Tween agar and API 20C system. RESULTS: The frequency of oral candidal isolates was more common in 130 isolates (63.4%) in diabetic patients compared with 23 (37.1%) isolates in controls (p<0.05), but insignificantly related in age and sex distribution of both groups (p>0.05). Germ tubes were formed in the 102 species and chlamydospores in the 105 species in diabetic patients. Candida(C) albicans among the species was the most frequent isolates in both groups (80.8% vs 69.6%). The isolated 130 candidal species, identified by API 20C system, in diabetic patients, showed C. albicans (104), C. tropicalis (16), C. parapsilosis (6), C. krusei (1), C. kefyr (1) and unidentified species (2) compared with C. albicans (16), C. tropicalis (2), C. parapsilosis (2), C. krusei (3), C. kefyr (3) in 23 of controls. These results were almost same in both groups except for the relative high frequency of C. kefyr in controls. As for the risk factors, the isolates were increased in diabetic patients who were smokers (p<0.05), but insignificantly associated with sex, age, glycosylated hemoglobin and wearing of denture (p>0.05). Candidal culture rate and diabetic duration were not correlated (p>0.05). The number of colonies in SDA plate was significantly increased in smokers and denture-wearers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The frequency of oral candidal isolates in diabetic patients is higher than in that of controls. Oral-ambient factors such as smoking, probably involve in the development of oral candidal colonization, but not being the result of a single factor.
Agar ; Candida ; Colon ; Dentures ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mouth ; Mouth Mucosa ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: To investigate the associations between blood heavy metal concentrations and dry eye disease using a Korean population-based survey. METHODS: This study included 23,376 participants >40 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. Blood concentrations of lead, cadmium, and mercury were measured in all participants. The associations between blood heavy metal concentrations and dry eye disease were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, lifestyle behaviors and sociodemographic factors, the analyses revealed an increased odds ratio (OR) for dry eye disease with higher blood mercury concentrations (tertile 2: OR, 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91 to 1.64; tertile 3: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.89; p = 0.039). The prevalence of dry eye disease was not associated with blood lead (tertile 2: OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.51; tertile 3: OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.16; p = 0.283) or cadmium (tertile 2: OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.44; tertile 3: OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.58; p = 0.389) concentrations. There were no significant associations between any of the three heavy metals and dry eye disease in males after adjusting for potential confounding factors, but blood mercury concentrations in females were associated with dry eye disease (tertile 2: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.69; tertile 3: OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.24; p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Mercury concentrations in blood were associated with dry eye disease. Our results suggested that controlling environmental exposure to mercury may be necessary to reduce the incidence of dry eye disease.
Adult ; Cadmium ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Environmental Exposure ; Eye Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Metals, Heavy ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic*

The classification of the bone pieces excavated from Gasan-ri archaeological site Ⅰ in Jinju, presumed to be relics was investigated macroscopically. The remains of the animal bone were 3 classes (Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia), 5 orders (Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Passeriformes, Rodentia, Salientia), and 6 species (Sus scrofa, Cervidae sp., Nyctereutes procyonides, Passeriformes sp., Rattus norvegicus caraco, Rana nigromaculata). The total weight of the animal bone remains was 1,002.80 g, with the identified bones comprising 975.30 g and an identification rate of 97.26%. A total of 447 animal bone fragments were identified, including 204 bone pieces of S. scrofa (468.00 g, 47.99%), 102 bone pieces of Cervidae sp. (453.79 g, 46.53%), 68 bone pieces of R. nigromaculata (4.69 g, 0.48%), 59 bone pieces of N. procyonides (47.14 g, 4.83%), 9 bone pieces of Passeriformes sp. (0.98g, 0.10%), and 5 bone pieces of Rattus norvegicus caraco (0.70 g, 0.07%). The bone pieces of the animal relics consisted of 81 skull (18.12%), 161 axial skeleton (36.02%), 64 forelimb (14.32%), and 141 hindlimb (31.54%) fragments. The archaeological significance of the animal bones excavated in this investigation was that wild boars and deer were presumed to have been mainly used animals in the Gasan-ri area of Jinju during the Three Kingdoms period.

Cervical metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary site occurs in approximately 2–4% of head and neck tumor cases. Without identification of the primary site, proper management cannot be achieved, resulting in significant morbidity and a lower cure rate. For the primary site assessment, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using the radiotracer 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the imaging modality of choice and has been shown to be superior to CT alone. Here, we report a case of cervical metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma in an 82-year-old man. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed a tongue-base lesion, although neck CT detected no lesions because of artifacts from dental prosthesis, which was suspected as the primary site. The final diagnosis was confirmed as tongue-base cancer with neck lymph node metastases through biopsy. These results suggest that 18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable diagnostic tool in patients with cervical metastatic lymph nodes because it can demonstrate primary tumors in patients with dental prosthesis.