?AlM: To observe the effect of Qingguang'an on elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery through the four Qingguang'an effective groups and Qingguang'an granules, to discuss and compare their mechanism of action on scarring area of filtration canal.?METHODS:Four effective components of Qingguang'an were used in groups D, E, F, G and H after glaucoma surgery, compared with group A ( blank ) , group B (model) and group C ( MMC) to observe the effect of elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring filtration canal.?RESULTS:Compared with the preoperative basic lOP and 2d , 1, 2, 4wk postoperative lOP of groups C, E and H, the lOP of three group rose up slower than other groups, and kept the lowest data at 28d. There was significant difference compared with the rest of A, B, D, F, G groups (P<0. 05). The area and density of elastic fiber in surgery group were significantly different with that of black control group ( P<0. 05 ), but there were no statistical differences between groups C and H, groups C and F, groups H and E (P>0. 05). The difference was statistically significant among other groups (P<0. 01).?CONCLUSlON:The scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery is the major reason which lead to the failure of surgery. Qingguang'an effective group 2, Qingguang'an granules and MMC could reduced the scar tissue by restrained the elastic fiber, TlMP - 1 and increased the MMP-7. By observing the experimental results that both Qingguang'an effective group 2 and Qingguang'an granules could restrained the scarring area of filtration canal, the effects were unbiased, Qingguang'an granules group is better than effective group 2.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol on nNOS expression after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and the possible mechanism of protective effect of propofol on brain. Method Seventy-eight male Wistar rats, weighting 250 ~ 300 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups:(1)Sham operation group (S group, n=6) was performed with scham operation; (2) Ischemia-reperfusion group (group I-R, n=36) was subjected to 2-hour right middle cerebral artery occlusion and then reperfusion was followed, saline (1 mg/kg) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle using microsyringe before reperfusion;(3) Propefol group (group P, n=36) was injected with propofol (1mg/kg) into the right lateral cerebral ventricle using microsyringe right after ischemia. Group I-R and group P were divided into 3 subgroups according to the reperfusion time: 1 h, 3 h and 6 h. The neurological function of all rats were tested before reperfusion. The cerebral infarction area of the whole brain was calculated with TIC staining (n=6). The pathological change of brain was observed from HE staining (n=6) and the nNOS protein expression was obtained by immuno- histochemical method (n=6). Results Compared with I-R group, the neurological function was better in group P(P

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation, arthroscopy and "hybrid technique" for posttraumatic knee stiffness (PTKS), and to make the best choice for the treatment.

METHODSFrom February 2004 to November 2009, 66 patients suffered from PTKS were treated, and the clinical data were studied retrospectively, 36 male and 30 female patients with an average age of 41 years were analyzed, knee stiffness time averaged 15 months (0.5 - 108.0 months), 21 cases of patients were treated with rehabilitation (rehabilitation group), 22 cases of patients with arthroscopy + rehabilitation (arthroscopy group) and 23 cases of patients with mini-invasive "hybrid technique" + rehabilitation (hybrid technique group). For each case, the difference of range of motion (ROM) and hospital for special surgery (HSS) score of the knee before and after the treatment were analyzed statistically. The characters of PTKS including the course of the disease, the degree of extensor mechanism involving, physical examination and other ancillary data were also analyzed. The management methods for PTKS were summarized.

RESULTSTotal 66 cases were followed up ranging from 24.0-72.5 months and the mean time was 34.2 months. The average ROM was improved obviously: rehabilitation group increased from 45° ± 22° to 95° ± 24° (t = -11.2, P < 0.05), arthroscopy group from 47° ± 26° to 118° ± 11° (t = -11.0, P < 0.05) and hybrid technique group from 36° ± 22° to 110° ± 14° (t = -13.4, P < 0.05). Both ROM and HSS score of the knee before and after the treatment for each group showed significant difference statistically (t = -9.1, -6.0, -5.2, P < 0.05). Wound necrosis, tearing, re-fracture and extension lag were not found. According to Judet standard at final follow-up, 15 cases were excellent, 3 cases good and 3 cases normal in rehabilitation group; 15 cases were excellent, 5 cases good and 2 cases normal in arthroscopy group; 14 cases were excellent, 8 cases good and 1 case bad.

CONCLUSIONSPathology of PTKS is complex, satisfactory result could be obtained through individualized treatment program, which were established depend on the course of the disease, the degree of extensor mechanism involving, physical examination and ancillary data. The timely and effective surgical interference followed by a comprehensive rehabilitation program is the key point for satisfied outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ankylosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; complications ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for treatment of leukemia relapsed after first allo-HSCT.

METHODSNine patients with relapsed acute leukemia (5 AML, 4 ALL) and one with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) who showed cytogenetic relapse after first allo-HSCT received second allo-HSCT. The median relapse time from the first allo-HSCT was 141 days. Conditioning regimens for second allo-HSCT were combination chemotherapy based on moderate-dose Ara-C (n = 5), Bu (n = 3), conventional-dose Ara-C (n = 1) and Flud/Mel (n = 1). Prophylaxis for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) were CsA alone (n = 2), CsA/MTX (n = 1), FK506 (n = 1), and no prophylaxis in 6. The median number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells transfused was 6.1 x 10(8)/kg.

RESULTSEight cases were evaluable. All of them were engrafted and 7 developed aGVHD (grade I 4, grade II 3). The median time for absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 0.5 x 10(9)/L and platelets > 20 x 10(9)/L were 11 and 12 days, respectively. Five cases developed localized chronic GVHD. Of all the 10 cases received second allo-HSCT, 8 died from interstitial pneumonia (n = 2), multiple-organ failure (n = 1), sepsis (n = 1), fungous pneumonia (n = 1), and leukemia relapse (n = 3), and 2 survived without leukemia for +986 and +1913 days, respectively. The leukemia free survival, transplantation related mortality and relapse rate at 2 year were 20%, 50% and 30%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSecond allo-HSCT is a therapeutic alternative for selected patients with relapsed leukemia after first allo-HSCT.

Adult ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo discuss the central modulating mechanism of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) differences of the functional brain regions between SP 6 and sham acupoint.

METHODSSixteen volunteers accepted right Sanyinjiao (SP 6) (SP 6 group) or right sham (sham group) acupuncture for two times after 24 h sleep deprivation (SD), there was two weeks between two acupunctures. The needle was retained for 4 minutes and the brain fMRI scanning was performed by 3.0 TMR every time. The ALFF consequent data was processed by REST. One-sample t-test and two-pair t-test were performed by SPM5.

RESULTSSP 6 group mainly caused ALFF change in inferior parietal lobule, posterior cingulated while sham group in precuneus, posterior cingulated. SP 6 group increased ALFF in left fusiform temporal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus with no decreased regions compared with sham group.

CONCLUSIONSRetaining needle dose influence the activity of the brain region during resting-state in both group, especially the mood-related regions. And its mechanism is probably that the relevant effect is carried out by regulating function to target organs of complex brain network comprised of relevant functional center and related brain region. There are differences between SP 6 and Sham acupoint.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Sleep Deprivation ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo describe the mortality of colorectal and anal cancer in the Chinese population during 2004 - 2005.

METHODSMortality of colorectal and anal cancer from The 3rd National Death Retrospective Sampling Survey (2004 - 2005) were analyzed, with that the total population was 142 660 482 person-year and the number of death cases was 10 586. Crude death rate, age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population (CASR) and world standard population (WASR), the constitute proportion to all cancer deaths and rank of cancer death were calculated and compared with The 1st (during 1973 - 1975) and The 2nd (during 1990 - 1992) National Death Retrospective Surveys.

RESULTSThe mortality of colorectal and anal cancer in China was 7.42/100 000 (10 586/142 660 482) during 2004 - 2005, accounting for 5.46% of total cancer deaths and ranked the 5th leading cause of death from cancer. CASR and WASR were 4.79/100 000 and 6.57/100 000, respectively. Gender specific mortality was higher for males with 8.38/100 000 (6114/72 970 241) than for females with 6.42/100 000 (4472/69 690 241). The crude death rates were 10.01/100 000 (4796/47 899 806) in urban areas and 6.11/100 000 (5790/94 760 676) in rural areas, moreover, the crude death rates in Eastern, Middle and Western part of China were 8.67/100 000 (4558/52 556 694), 7.19/100 000 (3580/49 781 225) and 6.07/100 000 (2448/40 322 563) respectively. Compared to the crude death rate 5.30/100 000 and CASR 4.54/100 000 during 1990 - 1992, the crude death rate and CASR from colorectal and anal cancer increased by 40.00% and 5.51%, whereas compared to the crude death rate 4.17/100 000 and CASR 4.27/100 000 during 1973 - 1975, the crude death rate and CASR had increased by 77.94% and 12.18% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe mortality of colorectal and anal cancer has been increasing rapidly in China. The mortality is higher in males, and appears to be diverse in different areas.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anus Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

The objective of this study was to explore the useful value of circulating galactomannan (GM) for early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. All 141 patients were classified as 103 patients of clinical and possible diagnosis, and 38 non-Aspergillus patients. 209 serum samples for the detection of GM by Platelia Aspergillus were collected before anti-fungal vaccine therapy. ELISA method was used in detection of GM. The results showed that (1) the sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 81.6%, positive prediction of 66.7% and negative prediction of 93.9% were determined by using cut-off value. According to the result of ELISA, the clinical diagnosed patients was up to 48, while the possible diagnosed patients were 55. (2) Among 62 patients with consecutive examinations of serum samples, 50 patients were successfully diagnosed and treated, while 12 patients died. A progressive reduction of GM level was found in survivors, however, the patients of poor prognosis showed higher antigen titres. It is concluded that GM test has more significance for earlier diagnosis of aspergillosis, the concentration of GM is related to prognosis of disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aspergillosis ; diagnosis ; Aspergillus ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mannans ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of circulating galactomannan (GM) screening for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of invasive aspergillosis (IA).

METHODSSerum samples from 141 IA patients for the detection of GM by Platelia Aspergillus (Bia-Rad) were collected before and after systematic anti-fungal therapy.

RESULTS(1) An increase in the clinical diagnosis rate of IA was obtained on the result of GM detection. The GM positivity appeared (10+/-4.1) (8-15) d before positive sputum culture, while (12.6+/-5.7) (6-22) d before the CT positive image. (2) Among the 62 patients with consecutive serum samples, 50 were success in treatment and 12 died. A progressive decrease of GM level was found in the former group, while the rising antigen titres were found in the latter.

CONCLUSIONCompared with other diagnostic test, GM test has an obvious advantage of higher positivity and earlier result. The anti-fungal effectiveness can be estimated by dynamic detection of serum GM.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aspergillosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mannans ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the growth status of epiphysis of sternal end of clavicle using thin-section computed tomography (CT) and to study the relationship between the status and the chronological age of Sichuan Han nationality youth. METHODS: According to the Schmeling's report and the age range of our samples, the ossification status of medial clavicle epiphysis was classified as four stages. CT films of 565 patients between 15 and 25 years were studied based on the classification and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the sexes (P > 0.05). The calculated empiric distribution function showed that 100% of stage 1 patients were under 18 years, 75% of stage 2 patients were under 18 years, 94.5% of stage 3 patients were over 18 years, and 100% of the stage 4 patients were over 20 years, respectively. CONCLUSION The ossification of medial epiphysis of the clavicle for those around 18 years has certain regular. These characteristics can be used for forensic identification of the skeletal age, especially 18 years, which is the criminal responsibility age.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Age Factors ; Asian People/ethnology* ; China/ethnology* ; Clavicle/growth & development* ; Epiphyses/growth & development* ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Sex Characteristics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the chronological age of Han teenagers in Sichuan by the epiphyses development characteristics of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity in X-ray digital images. METHODS: According to TW2 classification principle, combining with the age range of our subjects and epiphyses development regularity, the degree of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity had been divided into 8 grades (0-7) and 7 grades (0-6), respectively. Based on the degrees, the pelvic X-rays digital images of 691 samples of 16-20 aged teenagers were read and statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. The multiple linear regression equation was established by skeletal age (Y), development degree of iliac crest epiphyses (X1) and ischial tuberosity epiphyses (X2). RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between two sides of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity (P>0.05). There were no statistical difference between genders (P>0.05). The re-substitution method of the samples showed that the accuracy of equation as Y=15.269+0.444X1+0.236 X2 was high. The result of the re-substitution method showed a high accuracy of the equation. CONCLUSION The multiple linear regression equation could be used to identify the skeletal age for providing the scientific basis to identify the 18-year-old Han population in Sichuan.
Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Age Factors ; Asian People/ethnology* ; Bone Development/physiology* ; China/ethnology* ; Epiphyses/diagnostic imaging* ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Humans ; Ilium/diagnostic imaging* ; Ischium/diagnostic imaging* ; Linear Models ; Male ; Pelvis/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult