The content of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) which as the enzymatic hydrolysis product of benzyl glucosinolate through thioglucosidase was determined by HPLC. The content of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) which as the enzymatic hydrolysis product of benzyl glucosinolate through thioglucosidase was determined by HPLC. The chromatography condition was as follows: Kaseisorb LC ODS 2000 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 min) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)-water( B) under gradient elution (0-5 min, 3%-8% A; 5-9 min, 8%-48% A; 9-23 min, 48%-62% A; 23-28 min, 62%-99% A); the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) with 10 microL injection volume; detection wavelength was 246 nm and temperature of column was 40 degrees C. The content of benzyl glucosinolate was in the range of 10.76-17.91 g x L(-1). The method is simple, accurate and good reproducibility which can be used for the determination of benzyl glucosinolate in Lepidium meyenii, effectively.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Glucosinolates ; analysis ; Lepidium ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo determine the incidence of post-operative delirium after oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia in elderly patients, and to examine its association with plasma concentrations of beta amyloid protein 1-40 (Abeta1-40).

METHODSFifty patients underwent elective oral and maxillofacial surgery were divided into two groups: Group C (n=20) aged from 20 to 60 years old, and Group T (n=30) aged from 62 to 78 years old. The two group received the same general anesthesia. Delirium rating scale-revised-98 (DRS-R-98) was used as an instrument to diagnose and access the postoperative delirium of the two groups. The scores of DRS-R-98 were recorded before operation (T0) and at 24 h (T1), 48 h (T2), 72 h(T3) and 96 h(T4) after the operation. Serial measurements of serum concentrations of Abeta1-40 were also performed at the same time.

RESULTSThe incidence of post-operative delirium after oral and maxillofacial surgery in Group T was 20.0%. The concentrations of plasma Abeta1-40 in group T were much higher than group C at TO, T1, T2 and T3 significantly (P < 0.01). The concentrations of plasma Abeta1-40 at T1 and T2 were higher than those at TO in the same group (P < 0.05). The scores of DRS-R-98 in Group T at T3 and T4 were much higher than those at T1 and Group C significantly (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe constant increase of plasma Abeta1-40 may be one of the important factors related to post-operative delirium in elderly patients underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Aged ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Delirium ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peptide Fragments ; Surgery, Oral

The chitosan/PHEA-blended hydrogels were prepared from PHEA and chitosan in various blend ratios. The water contents of the hydrogels were in the range of 50%-80% (wt). The attachment and growth of fibroblast cells(L929) on the hydrogels were studied. The results indicated the PHEA content in hydrogels has great effect on cell attachment but has little effect on the growth of L929 cells.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cell Adhesion ; physiology ; Cell Division ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; physiology ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate ; chemistry ; Mice ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Water ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the gene expression of decorin by periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLFs) in culture, and discuss the effect of bFGF in periodontal regeneration.

METHODSHuman PLFs were cultured and stimulated by exogenous bFGF. Gene expression of decorin was assessed by semi-quantitive RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe mRNA expression of decorin was suppressed by bFGF and the effect was dose-dependent. When the dose of bFGF increased, the inhibitive effect decreased.

CONCLUSIONDecorin has many biological effects. The inhibitive effect may be one of important factors which participate in the healing process of periodontitis, and provide partly theoretical basis of bFGF in periodontal regeneration.

Decorin ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; RNA, Messenger ; Regeneration

OBJECTIVETo compare the influence of propofol and isoflurane on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine response to perioperative period of tongue cancer surgery.

METHODSTwenty-four adult patients undergone the operation of tongue cancer were assigned to two groups randomly, propofol group (Group P) and isoflurane group (Group I). In group P, anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2-3 microg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg, atracurium 0.6 mg/kg and maintained with propofol 5-8 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1) and inhalation of 50% nirous oxide (N2O:O2=50%:50%). In group I, anesthesia was induced with 3%-4% isoflurane, fentanyl 2-3 microg/kg, diazepam 0.06-0.1 mg/kg, atracurium 0.6 mg/kg and maintained with inhalation of 50% N2O and isoflurane (ended-tidal isoflurane was maintained at 0.6%), in two groups atracurium was given intermittently. Blood samples were taken from peripheral vein before anesthesia (TO), at the end of operation (T1), 24 h (T2) and 48 h (T3) after operation for determination of serum IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and body temperature in two groups were recorded.

RESULTSIL-6 and IL-10 levels increased significantly in two groups at T1, T2 and T3 compared with T0 (P < 0.01). The increasing trend of IL-6 and IL-10 levels were similar in both groups, whereas the level of IL-6 at T1 in propofol group was lower than that of isoflurane group significantly (P < 0.01), however the level of IL-10 was much higher in propofol group than that of isoflurane group at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe influence of total intravenous anesthesia of propofol on post-operation inflammatory response is much gentler than isoflurane.

Adult ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Cytokines ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6 ; Isoflurane ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; Perioperative Period ; Postoperative Period ; Propofol

Abdomen ; Hernia ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of emodin on expression of BKCa channel β1 subunit in basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) and electrophysiological characteristics of vascular smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Tail artery pressure measurement instrument was used to measure the change of SHR systolic blood pressure before and after emodin intervention. Single vascular smooth muscle cell was electrically recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to study the distribution and expression of the BKCa channel β1 subunit. The results showed that emodin decreased blood pressure of SHR from (223 ± 16) mmHg to (127 ± 12) mmHg (P < 0.01). There was no difference of blood pressure between emodin-treated SHR and Wistar rats. Emodin significantly increased outward currents of smooth muscle cells in SHR (P < 0.05), and this effect could be reversed by specific inhibitor of BKCa channel, IbTX. Emodin also up-regulated BKCa channel β1 subunit expression in BASMCs. These results suggest that emodin relaxes cerebral basilar artery by enhancing BKCa current via increasing β1 subunit expression in BASMCs.
Animals ; Basilar Artery ; cytology ; Blood Pressure ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar ; Vasodilation ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology

Objective:To sort out the current situation of rehabilitation assistive devices rental service in China, and suggest the policy for its development. Methods:Based on the four-dimensional social security policy analysis framework, with the combination of subject retrieval and field research, the market players, supporting systems, rental products, financial security and professionals in some pilot areas of community rental of assistive devices in China were summarized. Results:There were still some problems in the rental service of assistive devices in China, mainly as insufficience of main players of the rental market, supporting policies and systems, payment security system, professionals, and social recognition, etc. Conclusion:It is important to reasonably set up rental products, standardize service enterprises, cultivate market players, increase investment, promote talent training, and strengthen publicity, to promote the development of the rental of assistive devices.

BACKGROUNDNurr1 plays an essential role in the development, survival, and function maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and it is a potential target for Parkinson's disease (PD). Nurr1 mRNA can be detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), but whether there is any association of altered Nurr1 expression in PBMC with the disease and DA drug treatments remains elusive. This study aimed to measure the Nurr1 mRNA level in PBMC and evaluate the effect of Nurr1 expression by DA agents in vivo and in vitro.

METHODSThe mRNA levels of Nurr1 in PBMC of four subgroups of 362 PD patients and 193 healthy controls (HCs) using real-time polymerase chain reaction were measured. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to evaluate the differences between PD and HC, as well as the subgroups of PD. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent association of Nurr1 expression with Hoehn and Yahr scale, age, and drug treatments. Besides, the Nurr1 expression in cultured PBMC was measured to determine whether DA agonist pramipexole affects its mRNA level.

RESULTSThe relative Nurr1 mRNA levels in DA agonists treated subgroup were significant higher than those in recent-onset cases without any anti-PD treatments (de novo) (P < 0.001) and HC groups (P < 0.010), respectively. Furthermore, the increase in Nurr1 mRNA expression was seen in DA agonist and L-dopa group. Multivariate linear regression showed DA agonists, L-dopa, and DA agonists were independent predictors correlated with Nurr1 mRNA expression level in PBMC. In vitro, in the cultured PBMC treated with 10 μmol/L pramipexole, the Nurr1 mRNA levels were significantly increased by 99.61%, 71.75%, 73.16% in 2, 4, and 8 h, respectively (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSDA agonists can induce Nurr1 expression in PBMC, and such effect may contribute to DA agonists-mediated neuroprotection on DA neurons.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dopamine Agonists ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 ; genetics ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism underlying myofibroblast differentiation induced by transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1 in obliterative bronchiolitis following lung transplantation.

METHODSHeterotopic tracheal transplantation was performed in Smad3 wild-type and knock-out mice to simulate the lung transplantation in human. Murine tracheal fibroblasts cultivated in primary culture were used for in vitro study. Immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, Western Blotting, RT-PCR and DNA electrophoresis mobility gel shift assay were conducted to detect the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA), the marker of fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation, and the activation of Smad3, p38 and ERK1/2.

RESULTSIn affected airways of experimental obliterative bronchiolitis, abundant expression of alphaSMA were found. In vitro study for tracheal fibroblasts, the activation of Smad3 by TGF-beta1 presents as three major forms, phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA binding. In Smad3 wild-type fibroblasts, TGF-beta1 induces the increase of the myofibroblasts transformation, characterized by the elevation of alphaSMA, both at transcription and protein level. While in Smad3 knock-out fibroblasts, the transformation of myofibroblasts induced by TGF-beta1 is significantly decreased (t = 2.080, P = 0.027; t = 1.982, P = 0.032), but not completely abolished. Further study in Smad3-deficient fibroblasts demonstrates that p38 and ERK1/2 could be activated by TGF-beta1 and result in fibroblast differentiation.

CONCLUSIONSTGF-beta1 could promote the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in Smad3 dependent and independent signal pathways, especially the Smad3 dependent path, and result in the development of obliterative bronchiolitis.

Actins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Smad3 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Trachea ; cytology ; transplantation ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism