Objective To investigate and assess the clinical effect of treatment of children′s fractures at distal radial or radial-ulna through incision and Kirschner wire′s interior fixation without coursing epiphysis.Methods The treatment of children′s fractures at distal radial or radial-ulna in our hospital between 1996 and 2005 were reviewed,91 cases via Kirsehner-wire′s internal fixation were dealt.According to the way of placing Kirschner wire,the patients were divided into 2 groups.Group A of 53 cases eschewing epiphysis and passed bone-cortex.Group B of 38 cases got intramedullary fixation and passed epiphysis for 38 cases.After 6-100 months′ follow-up investigation,the 2 groups were comporred by analyzing statistics and the number of cases which involved repeatedly setting of Kirschner wire during operation,anatomical restoration,replacement,Kirschner-wire moving,infection,wrist′s dysfunction and bridge between the epiphysis.Results The fractures in both groups were recovering well.Besides,both were at the low rate of repeated replacement,Kirschner wire moving and infection.However,there were significant differences on repeated setting of Kirschner wire during operation,wrist′s dysfunction and bridge between the epiphysis,of which group B were higher than those in group A.Conclusions While the children′s fractures at distal radial or radial-ulna will be reduced by incision and fixing with Kirschner wire,the way of eschewing epiphyses and passing bone-cortex is better because it accords with anatomic character of children.It can not only fix reliably and bring satisfying clinical treatment effect,but also cause little complication.Thus,it is superior to the way of intramedullary fixation and passed epihysis.

Objective:To investigate the combining therapy which not only have cured effect but also can uphold and improve the NPC patient′s immunity function after radiotherrapy and chemotherapy.Method:90 cases randomly divided into 3 groups ①Local group (local injected with IL-2 +radiotherapy+chemotherapy);②General group(ivdrip with IL-2+radiotherapy+chemotherapy);③convention group(radiotherapy+chemotherapy).Checked and observed the immunity function around the immunotherapy and after the radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Result:Cellular immunity of 3 groups are lower and humoral immunity are hypetuntion than normal person.After treated with IL-2 the cellular immunity improves but there′s no great change of the humoral immunity. The immune status of the immune groups have not obvious change than before radiotherapy,at the same time,the cellular immunity of the convention group cut down and the humoral immunity doesn′t change obviously.Conclusion:①It has some effect to uphold and improve the NPC patient′s immunity function to treat with small dosage of IL-2 before radiotherapy and chemotherapy,general treatment is better than local injection;②The three therapies have not great influence on the patient′s humoral immunity.

Objective: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of tumor vaccines in colon carcinoma model mice. Methods: Mouse bone marrow⁃derived dendritic cells（BMDCs）were stimulated by using CpG β⁃glucan nanoparticles（CNP）in vitro. The BMDCs were divided into PBS group，NP group（without CpG nanoparticles），Lysate group（MC38 cell lysate）and CpG group（CpG1826），which were determined for the expression of marker molecules on the surface by flow cytometry and for the contents of interleukin⁃6（IL⁃6）and IL⁃12p40 in the culture supernatant by ELISA. The tumor lysate nano⁃vaccine was pre⁃ pared by mixing 50 mg／mL tumor lysate（MC38 cell lysate）with 200 mg／mL CNP in a volume ratio of 1∶1，with which mice were subcutaneously immunized as Vaccine group. Vaccine group，PBS group，CNP group and Lysate group were im⁃ munized once a week，for three times in total. Mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MC38 cells，2 × 105 cells for each， in the right lower limb 1 h after the last immunization，and measured for tumor volume once every three days to plot the tumor growth curve. The ratios of CD3+ CD4+ T and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in the blood were analyzed by flow cytometry and the levels of tumor necrosis factor⁃α（TNF⁃α）and interferon γ（IFNγ）in the blood and spleen of mice were determined by ELISA. Results: CNP effectively increased the expression of CD11c+ CD80+，CD11c+ CD86+，CD11c+ MHC⁃Ⅱ+ and the secretion of IL⁃6 and IL⁃12p40 in BMDCs in vitro，which were significantly higher than those in other 4 groups（t = 4. 3 ~ 46. 2，each P < 0. 05）. Compared with that of the other three groups，the tumor volume of mice in Vaccine group decreased significantly（t =2.6~3.4，eachP <0. 05）；TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinCD3+ CD8+ TandCD3+ CD8+ Tcellratios（t = 0.5~ 1. 9，each P > 0. 05）；The content of IFNγ in blood increased significantly（t = 3. 8 ~ 4. 6，P < 0. 05），while thatof TNF⁃α showed no significant difference（t = 0. 4 ~ 2. 0，each P > 0. 05）；However，the contents of IFN γ and TNF⁃α in spleen increased significantly（t = 6. 3 ~ 13. 0，each P < 0. 001）. Conclusion The prepared nano⁃vaccine of tumor lysate improvedtheimmune level in mice and effectively inhibited the growth of colon carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo construct recombinant plasmids containing the truncated gene of the major surface antigen sta56 of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot.) Karp strain for expression antigen in E. coli so as to compare the expression efficiency in different systems.

METHODSFrom the recombinant plasmid TOPO-sta56 containing sta56 of Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp strain, several truncated genes of sta56 with different length were amplified and subcloned into the expression vectors pPROEX HTb and pET30a. These genes were expressed in E. coli DH5alpha and BL21(DE3) respectively when induced by IPTG. The expressed recombinant proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot.

RESULTSSix recombinant plasmids containing truncated sta56 genes of different length were constructed as follow: pHTbOt957, pHTbOt498, pHTbOt342 and pETOt957, pETOt498, pETOt342. The recombinant sta56 proteins were highly expressed as 6 x His fusion proteins in E. coli DH5alpha and BL21(DE3) respectively. The fusion proteins showed as different bands of different molecular weight respectively when analyzed with SDS-PAGE. Western blot demonstrated that the recombinant proteins were recognized by the positive serum of Ot. patients.

CONCLUSIONThe sta56 gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp strain could be highly expressed in E. coli and its expression showed better efficiency in pET30a than in pPROEX HTb. The recombinant sta56 antigen with immunoreactivity could be used as diagnostic reagent for Ot. infection.

Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; biosynthesis ; Antigens, Bacterial ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Bacterial Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Scrub Typhus ; immunology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between psychological distress and T lymphocyte counts in HIV/AIDS patients.

METHODSA total of 102 HIV/AIDS patients were measured by symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating depressive scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on CD4+ T lymphocyte counts < 0.2 x 10(9)/L (group A) and > or = 0.2 x 10(9)/L(group B).

RESULTS77 cases (75.49%) had psychological problems, including depression, relationship problems, psychosis, force etc. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 67.65% (69/102) and 43.13% (44/102) respectively. The symptom of depression and anxiety of patients in group A were severer than those in group B (P < 0.05). The CD4+ T lymphocyte counts were significantly negatively correlated with the total score, depression score, paranoid score and psychosis score of SCL-90 (all P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONMost of the HIV/AIDS patients were in an obviously abnormal psychological status. The psychological distress symptom of HIV/AIDS patients might had negative effects on the number of CD4+ T lymphocyte.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; immunology ; psychology ; Anxiety ; etiology ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Depression ; etiology ; Female ; HIV Infections ; complications ; immunology ; psychology ; Humans ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution and drug resistance of acinetobacter isolated from burn wounds.

METHODSThe acinetobacter strains were isolated and identified by routine methods. Based on the recommendation of NCCLS, AmpC enzyme was determined by cefoxiti three-dimensional test, ESBLs by disk diffusion method and bacterial susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method.

RESULTSAmong the 69 strains of acinetobacter clinically isolated from burn wounds, 52 were baumannii (75.6%). The acinetobacter strains were identified to be highly resistant to 17 kinds of antibiotics. The drug resistance rate of beta-lactamase-producing strains (68.25%) was higher than that of non-beta-lactamase-producing strains (20.33%). The strains isolated in our burn ward exhibited multiple drug resistance which was mainly due to the production of many kinds of beta-lactamases. Among the 38 strains of beta-lactamase-producing acinetobacter, those producing AmpC beta-lactamase (AmpC BLA) accounted for 42.1%.

CONCLUSIONAcinetobacter strain was one of the pathogens in burn wound infection, and its isolation and identification of its drug resistance could be beneficial to the doctors to make right choice of antibiotics.

Acinetobacter ; classification ; enzymology ; isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Burn Units ; Burns ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the injury characteristics, using data from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), 2006 to 2008, to develop a injury prevention strategy. Methods 129 hospitals from 43 surveillance points in NISS were selected according to the DSP sample framework, also considering the capacity of local CDC. Results Relative information on 1 318 739cases were analyzed. The number of male cases were more than the females. The top three causes of injuries were as follows: falls (28.02%,29.36%,30.12%), traffic-related (23.07%,21.61%,21.44%)and blunt injuries (21.46%, 21.17%, 20.59% ). The major places where injuries occurred were: road/street (29.80%, 27.73%, 28.37% ) and at home (21.51%, 22.80%, 24.02% ). Recreation activities (35.63%, 41.93%, 42.13% ) and at work (24.43%, 22.60%, 21.44% ) were the two major activities when injuries took place. Most injury cases were unintentional (83.81%, 86.32%, 86.71% ) and mild (70.42%, 74.79%, 73.90% ). Rush hours that caused injuries to happen were between 7 to 10 AM.Conclusion Male injury cases were more than females. Falls, road traffic-related and blunt injuries were the major causes, with most of them were unintentional and minor.

Objective To describe the distribution of injuries among the elderly through hospital based National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), and to provide basic information for prevention of injury among the elderly. Methods Data on injuries among the elderly aged 60 years and above was descriptively analyzed from the Chinese NISS from 2006 to 2008. Using the data of NISS from 2006 to 2008, information was collected on those cases who were diagnosed as injuries for the first-time in the site hospitals. Information included demographic characteristics, features of the injury events, and clinical characteristics of injuries. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis.Results The leading causes of injuries among the elderly were: falls, road traffic injuries, and blunt injuries, which were in total accounting for more than 70% of all the injuries among the elderly. Most of the injuries occurred at home (46.25 %, 44.44%, 46.23 % ), on the roads ( 30.95%, 28.51%, 28.61% )and in the public residences (8.89%, 11.57%, 11.25% ). Recreation activates (42.14%, 48.09%,48.59%) ,housework/study (21.15%, 18.21%, 18.15%) and driving (13.67%, 13.80%, 13.56%) were the three major activities when injuries took place. Most injuries among the elderly were unintentional (91.34%, 92.84%, 93.09% ). The leading causes of suicide of the elderly were poisoning and sharp injury. The most common natures of injuries were bruise (36.07%, 38.18%, 38.50% ), fractures (25.65%, 22.47%, 23.77% ), and sharp/bite/open injuries ( 17.19%, 18.21%, 17.46% ) while the most injured part of bodies were head (26.32%, 25.59%, 25.90%), lower limbs (25.74%, 25.70%, 25.26%)and upper limbs (21.01%,21.14%,21.37%). Most of the injuries were minor ones (60.53%,65.09%,63.58% ), and patients mostly went home after treatment (64.11%, 68.53%, 67.99% ). Conclusion According to NISS, the proportion of injuries among the elderly in all injuries kept increasing from 2006 to 2008, while distribution of injuries among the elderly being stable. Falls was the most common injury type for the elderly which also brought along bad outcome. Falls was the priority for injury prevention among the elderly.

Objective To describe the distribution of road traffic injuries through hospital based National Injury Surveillance System (NISS). Methods Data of road traffic injuries was descriptively analyzed from Chinese NISS from 2006 to 2008. Results In 2006-2008, road traffic injury was the second leading cause from NISS among attendants in ERs or clinics of the hospitals,with males (64.63%, 64.07%, 64.38% ) more than females (35.37%, 35.93%, 35.62%). People aged 30-44 (36.04%, 34.82%, 34.28% ), 15-29 (30.74%, 31.57%, 30.13%), 45-64 (20.28%, 20.70%,22.80% ) years were seen more than other age groups. The majority of road traffic injuries were unintentional (98.34%, 99.07%, 99.07% ), and mostly injured in head (35.21%, 33.74%, 35.77% )and lower limbs (24.08%, 24.54%, 23.95%) which mainly as bruise (56.47%, 57.92%, 58.89%) and fractures (17.70%, 15.84%, 15.88% ). The severities of injuries were mainly minor ones (63.69%,67.24%, 65.68% ), and mostly went home right after treatments (59.43%, 63.76%, 62.80% ).Conclusion The distribution of road traffic injuries from NISS kept stable from 2006 to 2008. Young and middle aged men were the focus population for road traffic injuries intervention. Further improvement ofNISS, multi-sectional collaboration-based advocacies and education programs as well as the enforcement of road safety law seemed the good practices for road traffic injury prevention.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the prevalence of nasal carriage of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in healthy children from Chengdu.

METHODSStrains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from nasal swabs of healthy children from five kindergartens in Chengdu from September, 2005 to December, 2005 and questionnaires were obtained. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed with agar disk diffusion and Bauer-Kirby on Mueller-Hinton medium method to determine CA-MRSA. mecA and PVL genes were detected with PCR in all of the CA-MRSA isolates.

RESULTSA total of 801 children were enrolled. Overall 147 children (18.4%) were carried with Staphylococcus aureus and 9 (1.1%) were carried with CA-MRSA. All CA-MRSA isolates were positive for mecA gene, and 5 CA-MRSA isolates were positive for PVL gene. Of the 9 CA-MRSA isolates, 6 were multiresistant.

CONCLUSIONSCA-MRSA nasal colonization is present among Chengdu healthy children. The CA-MRSA isolates are multiresistant and parts of CA-MRSA isolates carry PVL gene. The nasal carriage of CA-MRSA in healthy children should be a concerned issue.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Carrier State ; microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Community-Acquired Infections ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Nose ; microbiology ; Penicillin-Binding Proteins