BACKGROUND: Dermatophytosis is sometimes difficult to diagnose deinitively if it has atypical clinical characteristics and mycological tests are negative. Histopathologic findings may be different depending upon the location and causative dermatophytes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate histopathologic characteristics nf dermatophytosis depending upon the areas of involvement. METHODS: We evaluated the clinical and histopathologic features of 32 cases of dermatophytosis which were diagnosed by skin biopsies at the Dermatology Department of branch hospitals of Catholic University Medical College from March 1985 to August, 1994. Histopathologic features were observed in three dilferent groups divided by location, area of terminal hair, areas of vellus hair and hairless areas. RESULTS: Epidermal changes including hyperkeratosis, parakeratos, acanthosis, spongiosis and neutrophilic exocytosis were frecuently observed in the three groups of Iermatophytosis. In 7 cases of tinea capitis and linea barbae, follicular and inflamma or changes of the deep dermis were important. Hyphae and spores were observed in 71%(5 cases) and 57%(4 cases) respectively, in the follicles. In 19 cases of tinea faciale, tiriea corporis and tinea cruris, change epidermis and superficial dermis as well as findings of follicular infundibulum were important. Herphae were observed in 84%(16 cases) and 53%(10 cases) in the stratum corneum and vellus hir follicle respectively, and in 3 cases the hyphae were observed only in the vellus hair follicle. Sandwich sign, known to be important clue of dermaliophytosis, was observed in only 5%(1 cacse, In 6 cases of tinea manus and linea pedis, hyphae and spores were rebserved in 100% (6 cases) and 33%(2 cases) respectively, in the stratum corneum. CONCLUSION: We consider tha histopathologic observations may of great help to diagnose some difficult cases of dermatophytosis and the presence of hyphae n .he vellus hair follicle may be a more frequent and important finding than the sandwich sign the dermatophytosis of the vellus hairy regions.
Arthrodermataceae ; Biopsy ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Exocytosis ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Hospitals, Satellite ; Hyphae ; Neutrophils ; Skin ; Spores ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea*

BACKGROUND: Follow-up studies have shown that although outcomes have improved substantially over time,results of the Fontan operation and its modifications remain suboptimal.In this study,we reviewed our experience with the extracardiac conduit Fontan operation,with a focus early and midterm change of internal diameter of PTFE conduit. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between April 1997 and July 2000 were reviewed.Twelve patients (M:6,F:6,mean age 42.04 +/- 12.43months,mean body weight 13.80 +/- 1.94kg)underwent extracardiac conduit Fontan operation with expanded PTFE graft.Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 109.7 +/- 26.99minute and mean operation time was 455 +/- 89.51minute. Intraoperative fenestration was performed in 10 patients.The aortic cross clamping was not performed in all patients. RESULT: There was no early deaths and no postoperative dysrhythmia. Postoperative protein losing enteropathy and prolonged pleural effusion occurred in 1(8.3%)and 4 patients(33.3%).Conduit patency was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging studies.A 9.84 +/- 3.84%mean reduction in conduit internal diameter and there was no statistical correlation between the change of internal diameter of conduit and the postoperative duration after partial correlation analysis(r=0.019,p=0.955). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the extracardiac conduit Fontan operation provies good early and midterm results and may reduce the prevalence of late arrhythmia.And there is no correlation between the change of internal diameter of conduit and the postoperative duration after extracardiac conduit Fontan operation with the expanded PTFE graft conduit.
Body Weight ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pleural Effusion ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Prevalence ; Protein-Losing Enteropathies ; Transplants

We report a case of the successful anatomical correction of the Taussig-Bing anomaly associated with the interrupted aortic arch and intramural left coronary artery for an 38 day-old infant. Aortic arch and neoaortic reconstructions were conducted without any prosthetic or pericardial patch. Intramural left coronary was separated from right one after partial detachment of aortic commissure and both coronary artery buttons were transferred separately to the proximal main pulmonary artery(neo-aorta). Delayed sternal closure was done 3 days after the operation and hospital discharge was delayed for a month because of postoperative pneumonia. Now he is 5 months old and free of symptoms and cardiac drugs.
Aorta, Thoracic* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Double Outlet Right Ventricle* ; Humans ; Infant ; Pneumonia

No abstract available.
Angina, Unstable*

BACKGROUND: It is known that low birth weight is a risk factor for poor outcome in cardiac surgery for many cardiac defects.We reviewed our recent surgical experiences on congenital heart defect (other than patent ductus arteriosus)in low birth wei ght babi es.Material and METHOD: From September 1994 to February 2001,31 consecutive infants weighing 2500 g or less underwent cardiac surgery with (OHS group n=12)or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CHS group n=19).A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate short-and intermediate-term outcome.Mean gestational age and age at operation were 36.9 weeks(range,32.3-42weeks)and 32.1days (range,0-87days)respectively.Mean body weight at birth and operation were 1972g (range,1100-2500g)and 2105g (range,1450-2500 g)respectively.There was no difference between the two groups in age and body weight.Defects included ventricular septal defect (VSD)(n=3),VSD with arch anomaly (n=2),total anomalous pulmonary venous return (n=2),transposition of the great arteries (TGA)(n=2),truncus arteriosus (n=2),and univentricular heart with cor triatriatum (n=1)in OHS group,and coarctation of aorta (n=7),tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)(n=3),TOF with pulmonary atresia (n=3), multiple muscular VSDs (n=1),double outlet right ventricle (n=1),pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (n=2),tricuspid atresia (n=1),and TGA with multiple VSD (n=1)in CHS group.13 patients (41.9%)were intubated pre-operatively. RESULT: There were 4 early deaths (<30 days);1 (8.3%)in OHS group and 3 (15.8%)in non-OHS group.All these early deaths were related to the pulmonary artery banding(PAB).There was no operative mortality in infants undergoing complete repair and palliative operations other than PAB.Delayed sternal closure was required in 3 patients.Prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation (>7days)was required in 7 patients (58.3%)in OHS and 7 (38.8%)in CHS group.Late mortality occurred in 3 patients,two of which were non-cardiac.A patient in OHS group was documented to have neurologic sequelae.All the survivors except two are in NYHA class I. CONCLUSION: Complete repair and palliative operations other than PAB can be performed in low birth weight infants with low operative mortality and an acceptable intermediate-term result.However,about a half of the patients required long-term postoperative mechanical ventilation.
Aortic Coarctation ; Arteries ; Body Weight ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Cor Triatriatum ; Gestational Age ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Scimitar Syndrome ; Survivors ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Ventricular Septum

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Anus, Imperforate*

PURPOSE: In order to evaluate the prognostic factors of vitrectomy for the teatment of retinal detachment due to macular hole. METHODS: The medical records of 19 patients who had undergone pars plana vitrectomy were analyzed. RESULTS: After the first operation, the retinal reattachment was achieved in 12 patients out of 19 patients(63.2%). Among 7 patients who had persistent retinal detachment after the first operation, 6 patients underwent reoperation and 4 out of whom were successfully reattached. The final success rate was 88.9%(16 out of 18 patients). Between 12 patients with successful first operation and the remaining 7 patients, there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of posterior staphyloma, myopic chorioretinal atrophy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinal detachment in two quadrant or more, and complete removal of epiretinal membrane(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that surgical success of post-operation of retinal detachment due to macular hole seems to be related to complete epiretinal membrane removal, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, posterior staphyloma, myopic chorioretinal atrophy and extension of retinal detachment.
Atrophy ; Epiretinal Membrane ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Prognosis* ; Reoperation ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

No abstract available.
Myasthenia Gravis* ; Thymectomy*

OBJECTIVES: Environmental, social and personal factors influence eating patterns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between unhealthy food outlets within a residential area and obesity using nationally representative Korean survey data and data from the Census on Establishments. METHODS: Data on the food intakes and socioeconomic variables of a total of 9,978 adults aged ≥ 19 years were obtained from the 2013-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Geographic locations of restaurants were obtained from the 2013 Census on Establishments in Korea. Administrative area was categorized into tertiles of count of unhealthy food outlets based on the distribution of number of unhealthy food outlets among all urban (Dong) and rural (Eup or Myun) administrative districts in Korea. Multilevel logistic regressions model were used to assess the association between the number of unhealthy food outlets and obesity. RESULTS: People living in the district with the highest count of unhealthy food outlets had higher intakes of fat (45.8 vs. 44.4 g/day), sodium (4,142.6 vs. 3,949.8 mg/day), and vitamin A (753.7 vs. 631.6 µgRE/day) compared to those living in the district with the lowest count of unhealthy food outlets. A higher count of unhealthy food outlets was positively associated with frequent consumption of instant noodles, pizza, hamburgers and sandwiches, sweets and sour pork or pork cutlets, fried chicken, snacks, and cookies. Higher exposure to unhealthy food outlets was associated with increased odds of obesity (1st vs. 3rd tertile; OR 1.689; 95% CI 1.098-2.599). CONCLUSIONS: A high count of unhealthy food outlets within a residential area is positively associated with the prevalence of obesity in Korea. The results suggest that food environmental factors affects the health outcomes and interventions aiming to restrict the availability of unhealthy food outlets in local neighborhoods may be a useful obesity prevention strategy.
Adult ; Censuses* ; Chickens ; Eating ; Geographic Locations ; Humans ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity* ; Prevalence ; Red Meat ; Residence Characteristics ; Restaurants ; Snacks ; Sodium ; Vitamin A