BACKGROUND: Dermatophytosis is sometimes difficult to diagnose deinitively if it has atypical clinical characteristics and mycological tests are negative. Histopathologic findings may be different depending upon the location and causative dermatophytes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate histopathologic characteristics nf dermatophytosis depending upon the areas of involvement. METHODS: We evaluated the clinical and histopathologic features of 32 cases of dermatophytosis which were diagnosed by skin biopsies at the Dermatology Department of branch hospitals of Catholic University Medical College from March 1985 to August, 1994. Histopathologic features were observed in three dilferent groups divided by location, area of terminal hair, areas of vellus hair and hairless areas. RESULTS: Epidermal changes including hyperkeratosis, parakeratos, acanthosis, spongiosis and neutrophilic exocytosis were frecuently observed in the three groups of Iermatophytosis. In 7 cases of tinea capitis and linea barbae, follicular and inflamma or changes of the deep dermis were important. Hyphae and spores were observed in 71%(5 cases) and 57%(4 cases) respectively, in the follicles. In 19 cases of tinea faciale, tiriea corporis and tinea cruris, change epidermis and superficial dermis as well as findings of follicular infundibulum were important. Herphae were observed in 84%(16 cases) and 53%(10 cases) in the stratum corneum and vellus hir follicle respectively, and in 3 cases the hyphae were observed only in the vellus hair follicle. Sandwich sign, known to be important clue of dermaliophytosis, was observed in only 5%(1 cacse, In 6 cases of tinea manus and linea pedis, hyphae and spores were rebserved in 100% (6 cases) and 33%(2 cases) respectively, in the stratum corneum. CONCLUSION: We consider tha histopathologic observations may of great help to diagnose some difficult cases of dermatophytosis and the presence of hyphae n .he vellus hair follicle may be a more frequent and important finding than the sandwich sign the dermatophytosis of the vellus hairy regions.
Arthrodermataceae ; Biopsy ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Exocytosis ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Hospitals, Satellite ; Hyphae ; Neutrophils ; Skin ; Spores ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea*

We report a case of the successful anatomical correction of the Taussig-Bing anomaly associated with the interrupted aortic arch and intramural left coronary artery for an 38 day-old infant. Aortic arch and neoaortic reconstructions were conducted without any prosthetic or pericardial patch. Intramural left coronary was separated from right one after partial detachment of aortic commissure and both coronary artery buttons were transferred separately to the proximal main pulmonary artery(neo-aorta). Delayed sternal closure was done 3 days after the operation and hospital discharge was delayed for a month because of postoperative pneumonia. Now he is 5 months old and free of symptoms and cardiac drugs.
Aorta, Thoracic* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Double Outlet Right Ventricle* ; Humans ; Infant ; Pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Follow-up studies have shown that although outcomes have improved substantially over time,results of the Fontan operation and its modifications remain suboptimal.In this study,we reviewed our experience with the extracardiac conduit Fontan operation,with a focus early and midterm change of internal diameter of PTFE conduit. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between April 1997 and July 2000 were reviewed.Twelve patients (M:6,F:6,mean age 42.04 +/- 12.43months,mean body weight 13.80 +/- 1.94kg)underwent extracardiac conduit Fontan operation with expanded PTFE graft.Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 109.7 +/- 26.99minute and mean operation time was 455 +/- 89.51minute. Intraoperative fenestration was performed in 10 patients.The aortic cross clamping was not performed in all patients. RESULT: There was no early deaths and no postoperative dysrhythmia. Postoperative protein losing enteropathy and prolonged pleural effusion occurred in 1(8.3%)and 4 patients(33.3%).Conduit patency was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging studies.A 9.84 +/- 3.84%mean reduction in conduit internal diameter and there was no statistical correlation between the change of internal diameter of conduit and the postoperative duration after partial correlation analysis(r=0.019,p=0.955). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the extracardiac conduit Fontan operation provies good early and midterm results and may reduce the prevalence of late arrhythmia.And there is no correlation between the change of internal diameter of conduit and the postoperative duration after extracardiac conduit Fontan operation with the expanded PTFE graft conduit.
Body Weight ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pleural Effusion ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Prevalence ; Protein-Losing Enteropathies ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Angina, Unstable*

BACKGROUND: It is known that low birth weight is a risk factor for poor outcome in cardiac surgery for many cardiac defects.We reviewed our recent surgical experiences on congenital heart defect (other than patent ductus arteriosus)in low birth wei ght babi es.Material and METHOD: From September 1994 to February 2001,31 consecutive infants weighing 2500 g or less underwent cardiac surgery with (OHS group n=12)or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CHS group n=19).A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate short-and intermediate-term outcome.Mean gestational age and age at operation were 36.9 weeks(range,32.3-42weeks)and 32.1days (range,0-87days)respectively.Mean body weight at birth and operation were 1972g (range,1100-2500g)and 2105g (range,1450-2500 g)respectively.There was no difference between the two groups in age and body weight.Defects included ventricular septal defect (VSD)(n=3),VSD with arch anomaly (n=2),total anomalous pulmonary venous return (n=2),transposition of the great arteries (TGA)(n=2),truncus arteriosus (n=2),and univentricular heart with cor triatriatum (n=1)in OHS group,and coarctation of aorta (n=7),tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)(n=3),TOF with pulmonary atresia (n=3), multiple muscular VSDs (n=1),double outlet right ventricle (n=1),pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (n=2),tricuspid atresia (n=1),and TGA with multiple VSD (n=1)in CHS group.13 patients (41.9%)were intubated pre-operatively. RESULT: There were 4 early deaths (<30 days);1 (8.3%)in OHS group and 3 (15.8%)in non-OHS group.All these early deaths were related to the pulmonary artery banding(PAB).There was no operative mortality in infants undergoing complete repair and palliative operations other than PAB.Delayed sternal closure was required in 3 patients.Prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation (>7days)was required in 7 patients (58.3%)in OHS and 7 (38.8%)in CHS group.Late mortality occurred in 3 patients,two of which were non-cardiac.A patient in OHS group was documented to have neurologic sequelae.All the survivors except two are in NYHA class I. CONCLUSION: Complete repair and palliative operations other than PAB can be performed in low birth weight infants with low operative mortality and an acceptable intermediate-term result.However,about a half of the patients required long-term postoperative mechanical ventilation.
Aortic Coarctation ; Arteries ; Body Weight ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Cor Triatriatum ; Gestational Age ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Scimitar Syndrome ; Survivors ; Thoracic Surgery* ; Ventricular Septum

No abstract available.
Anus, Imperforate*

No abstract available.

An experimental study was performed for the observation of the effect of the shock wave on the renal parenchyme of the white rat. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to this study. The experimental rats were divided into four groups by the intensity and amount of shock wave and also each group was subdivided into three small groups by the time of sacrifice. The following results of gross and microscopic examination were obtained. After expulsion of shock wave, various injuries such as subcapsular hematoma, parenchymal hematoma and laceration were seen and the degree of injuries was increased according to the intensity and amount of shock wave macroscopically. On the 1st day of sacrifice, the ischemic necrosis of parenchyme was observed at directly exposed site, the hemorrhage, congestion and arteriolar damages at transitional zone. On the 7th day, the renal capsular thickening by fibroblast proliferation and focal fibrosis was appeared at direct zone. At transitional zone, moderate lymphocyte infiltration was observed. On the 28th day, renal parenchyme was replaced by fibrosis at direct zone, severe lymphocyte infiltration and thyroidaization were observed at transitional zone. The degree of injuries was not proportional to the amount and intensity of shock wave microscopically and the reasons will be discussed later. Conclusively, the shock wave caused the partial functional loss and pathologic sequela of renal parenchyme.
Animals ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Kidney ; Lacerations ; Lymphocytes ; Necrosis ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock*

PURPOSE: To compare the fluorescein angiographic findings of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) and optic neuritis. METHODS: The present study included 41 patients (41 eyes), who were diagnosed with NA-AION or optic neuritis and underwent fluorescein angiography in our clinic. The clinical profiles of patients, characteristics of optic disc head and hemorrhage, and visual field findings were analyzed retrospectively. The onset and filling time, perfusion time of retinal artery, optic disc, and peripapillary choroid were evaluated quantitatively. RESULTS: Patients with NA-AION showed statistically significant delay in both the onset time, filling time and perfusion time of the optic disc and peripapillary choroid compared with patients with optic neuritis (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the dye leakage of the peripapillary areas between the 2 groups (p = 0.324). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the results of fluorescein filling were significantly different between the NA-AION group and the optic neuritis group. The results may help determine the therapeutic plan and to differentiate between the 2 disease entities, especially in cases of overlapping clinical features.
Choroid ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic ; Perfusion ; Retinal Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Fields

Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma is rarely reported. We report a case of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma in a 33-month-old female that was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). She was tentatively diagnosed with acute myocarditis and presented with hypertension. Because of rapid patient deterioration despite pharmacological treatments, ECMO was applied. ECMO can be helpful in cases of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Catecholamines ; Child, Preschool ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Myocarditis ; Neuroblastoma*