Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the most useful diagnostic tool in biliary and pancreatic disease. However, ERCP cannot be performed successfully in all patients. Cannulation failure is the most common cause of failure of ERCP. Mechanical pathologies, such as peri-Vater diverticulum, cancer of the papilla of Vater, and impacted stone were the common causes of cannulation failure. We experienced two cases of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater in whom cholangiography and insertion of the nasobiliary tube were performed througth an artificial choledoehoduodenal fistula made by a needle type diathermy knife, beacuse cannulation to the duct was failed due to the tumor.
Catheterization ; Cholangiography* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Diathermy ; Diverticulum ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Needles ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pathology

To investigate the effect of Kawasaki syndrome on left ventricular function, we studied 52 patients with Kawasaki syndrome at initial visit and after 3 months (36 patients). Using Pulsed Doppler echocardiogram,we obtained aortic velocity (peak and mean), acceleration time(AT),ejection time(ET), ratio of AT to ET(AT/ET), acceleration (peak and mean) and velocity time integral and mitral velocity of E and A waves(peak and mean) and velocity time integral. Mitral time for peak velocity time integral. Mitral time for peak velocity was significantly prolonged in Kawasaki syndrome,being a mean(+/-SD) of 66.2(+/-14) msec in the control group, 79.2(+/-13)msec at initial vist(p<0.05) and 79.4(+/-13) msec after 3 months (p<0.05). Aortic peak acceleration was significantly decreased in Kawasaki syndrome being a mean(+/-SD) of 2590(+/-785) cm/sec2 after 3 months (P<0.05).Aortic mean acceleration was also significantly decreased in Kawasaki syndrome being a mean(+/-SD) of 1575( +/-542)cm/sec2 in the control group, 1198(+/-351)cm/sec2at initial visit(p<0.05)and 1124 +/-275cm/sec2 after 3 months(p<0.01). Aortic acceleration time was significantly prolonged in Kawasaki svndrome being a mean(+/-SD) of 62(+/-13) msec in the control group, 72(+/-13) msec at initial visit(p<0.05) and 76(+/-16) msec in the control group, 72(+/-13) msec at initial visit(p<0.05) and 76(+/-16) msec after 3 months (p<0.01). We conclude that early abnormalities of left ventricular function, as assessed by echocardiograpy,gencrally persist after 3 months of onset.
Acceleration ; Echocardiography* ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Ventricular Function, Left*

Meningiomas causing intracranial hemorrhage are rare, and hemorrhage from a lateral ventricular meningioma seems to be even rarer. We report a case of trigonal meningioma in a 43-year-old woman who presented with intraventricular hemorrhage, and describe the CT, MRI and angiographic findings.
Adult ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/*etiology/radiography ; Lateral Ventricles/*radiography ; Meningeal Neoplasms/*complications/*radiography ; Meningioma/*complications/*radiography

No abstract available.
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1* ; Interleukin-6* ; Keratinocytes*

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the predictability and efficacy of LASIK using 1 mm spot scanning laser (LaserScan LSX(R)). METHODS: LASIK was performed on 135 eyes of 73 patients from December, 1999 to February, 2001. The range of refractive error was from .11.5 D to .2.0 D (mean+/-SD : .5.88 D+/-1.79 D) and age was from 20 to 42 years (mean age: 27.8 years). They were divided into two groups according to their manifest refractive error(spherical equivalent): Group I (< -6.0 D, 73 eyes) and Group II (> of = -6.0 D, 62 eyes). And according to their astigmatism: Group A (< or = 0.75 D, 51 eyes), Group B (> or = 1.0 D, 48 eyes). RESULTS: Mean uncorrected visual acuity of 1 year after LASIK improved from 0.06 before operation to 1.0 in Group I and from 0.04 to 0.9 in Group II. Uncorrected visual acuity of 0.8 or better was achieved in 90% of eyes in Group I and 74% in Group II. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -4.6 D in Group I and -7.4 D in Group II. Mean spherical equivalent of 1 year after LASIK was -0.1 D in Group I and -0.37 D in Group II. The postoperative refractions within +/-0.5 D of emmetropia were 97% in Group I and 85% in Group II. Mean preoperative astigmatism was 0.56 D in Group A and 1.68 D in Group B. Mean postoperative astigmatism was 0.15 D in Group A and 0.17 D in Group B. Postoperative refraction showed slight regression of 0.16 D in Group I and 0.45 D in Group II throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that LASIK using spot scanning laser (LaserScan LSX(R)) appears to be a safe and relatively accurate procedure to correct moderate to high myopia and astigmatism.
Astigmatism ; Emmetropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia* ; Refractive Errors ; Visual Acuity

Gastric pseudolymphoma can be defined as a benign proliferation of lymphoid tissue and is also called the lymphoid hyperplasia or reactive lymphoreticular hyperplasia of the stomach. This lesion has been described in the orbital area, skin, salivary glands, mediastinum and other organs. The etiology of this disease is unknown but chronic inflammation and ulceration have been proposed as the etiologic mechanism in many cases. Most patients exhibit chronic, nonspecific, mild symptoms with the vast majority having symptoms for more than 1 year before undergoing diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, upper GI radiography rarely clarifies the diagnosis and gastroacopy is ineffective in establishing the diagnosis of pseudolpnphoma. Therefare, gastric resection is the only sure way to diagnose gastric pseudolympboma, as well as providing curitive therapy in most cases because of its possible malignant potential. There is no typical gross appearance of gastric pseudolymphoma and histologic diagoosis is essential. Smaller tumor size, infiltration with small, round mature lymphoeytos and various inflammatory cells, and formation of a true lymphoid germinal center favor a diagnosis of pseudolymphoma, We report 3 cases of histopathologically confirmed gastric pseudolymphoma after gastrectomy, which were initially suspected to be gastric lymphoma and early gastric cancer
Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Germinal Center ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Inflammation ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Mediastinum ; Orbit ; Pseudolymphoma* ; Radiography ; Salivary Glands ; Skin ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an eye-tracking system, in terms of the amount of decentration. Comparison was made between two LASIK groups operated with and without the use of eye-tracking system. METHODS: An eye-tracking system was used in 41 eyes(Group 1) and patient fixation alone without an eye-tracking system in 41 eyes(Group 2). Corneal topography(Humphrey ATLAS(TM) Corneal Topography System; Zeiss Humphrey Systems, Dublin, California, U.S.A.) was performed before surgery and 3 months postoperatively. The amount of ablation decentration was measured on the difference map obtained from the axial map. RESULTS: The mean +/-SD of decentration was 0.38 +/-0.23 mm in group 1, and 0.49 +/-0.24 mm in group 2(p=0.047). The amount of decentration was graded as follows: grade I(<0.5 mm); Grade II(0.5~1.0 mm); Grade III(>1.0 mm). Grade I, there was a significantly less decentration in group 1(p=0.037). For grade II, however, there was no significant difference between the two groups(p=0.766). CONCLUSIONS: Using eye-tracking system alone may not be effective in decreasing moderate decentration. Good fixation of the patients seemed to be as effective as an eye tracking system in achieving good ablation centration.
California ; Corneal Topography ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ*

The orifice of duodenal papilla is only about 1 mm in diameter. As much as 2,000 ml of bile and pancreatic juice pass through its sphincter zone into the duodenum each day. Since the sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice, a disorder of the sphincter can disturb the smooth outflow of bile and pancreatic juice and produce secondary abnormalities in the biliary tract or the exocrine pancreas. (continue...)
Bile ; Biliary Tract ; Duodenum ; Humans ; Manometry* ; Pancreas, Exocrine ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Pancreatic Juice ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Sphincter of Oddi

The orifice of duodenal papilla is only about 1 mm in diameter. As much as 2,000 ml of bile and pancreatic juice pass through its sphincter zone into the duodenum each day. Since the sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice, a disorder of the sphincter can disturb the smooth outflow of bile and pancreatic juice and produce secondary abnormalities in the biliary tract or the exocrine pancreas. (continue...)
Bile ; Biliary Tract ; Duodenum ; Humans ; Manometry* ; Pancreas, Exocrine ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Pancreatic Juice ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Sphincter of Oddi