The adhesion of cells to each other and to the proteins of the extracellular matrix provides a stable environment for cell growth, differentiation and migration. This is a prerequisite for the normal function of the cardiovascular system. Thus the abnormal adhesion function may play a key role in the pathogenesis and development of cardiovascular diseases. To date, there are six main groups of adhesion molecule, and integrins family are the largest and most broadly distributed of the families of cellular adhesion receptors. They have an important role in several aspects of cardiovascular diseases and that its regulated inhibition leads to a reduction in incidence and mortality due to these disorders. This review focuses upon the structure、mechanism and their roles in cardiovascular diseases which maybe facilitate the development of novel therapies.

To investigate the change of the left atrial volume before and after the percutanous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV),the 3-D reconstruction of the left atrium volume gas performed in 16 patients.The left atrial volume was 135.76±54.25cm3in diastole and 83.26±31.79cm3in systole before the PBMV and 89.34±46.55m3in diastole and 55.43±18.84m3in systole after PBMV.The change of the left atrial volume before and after PBMV was significant.No significant correlation existed between left atrial volume and the left atrial pressure,left atrial volume and pulmonary artery pressure both before and after PBMV.

Objective To determine oleanolic acid(OA)and ursolic acid(UA)from Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in diffrernt habitat and various growing stages.Method We picked the fruits of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in Otober in five cities of Shanxi,and in August,September,October,November and December in Xi'an.Removed impurities and storaged the fruits under room temperature.By HPLC with Waters 600 as its chromatographic system,and Lichrospher C_(18)(4.6mmx250mm,5?m) column was applied with CH_3CN-CH_3OH-H_2O-H_3PO_4-(C_2H_5)_3N(50:30:20:0.02:0.04)as its mobile phase,the flow rate was 1 mL/min.The standard working curve was made to determine the contents of OA and UA at different habitat and different time spot from samples.Result The contents of OA and UA were highest in Ankang city.During prolonging growing stages,the highest contents of OA and UA were October and August,respectively.They both reduced to the lowest point in December.Conclusion The contents of OA and UA changed in different habitat and diffrernt growing stages of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi. It was suggested that we should mainly base on the highest contents to select the harvest time according to our demands.

Abstract:Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a global health problem, which is prevalent all over the world. China is a low epidemic area. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is mainly transmitted through blood, and nowadays, intravenous drug addicts are the key population for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C. HCV has multiple genotypes and gene subtypes, and the distribution of these genotypes and gene subtypes varies significantly among the regions of the world. Nowadays, the treatment of hepatitis C has entered the era of direct-acting antiviral agents, which have high efficacy and safety in the general population. However, when special populations use direct-acting antiviral agents to treatment hepatitis C, we don't know how its efficacy and safety will be. The special populations include children, adolescents, drug users, HCV/HBV co-infected patients, HCV/HIV co-infected patients, and patients who have comorbidity of HCV and chronic kidney disease. This review will discuss the efficacy and safety of using direct-acting antiviral agents to treat hepatitis C in these special populations.

Objective To investigate the role of Akt signal pathway on the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) stimulated by albumin and to explore the mechanisms of action. Method The HK-2 cells were incubated in the presence of albumin (5,15,30 mg/mL) with or without Ly294002 (an inhibitor of Akt). Expression of mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Expression of Akt and protein MCP-1 were assessed by Western blot. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to detect the activation of NF-κB. q-test was used to evaluate the differences in means between groups. Results Compared with control group, the expression of MCP-1 mRNA remarkly increased. [Control group: 0.233 ±0.01; BSA(5 mg/mL) group: 0.285 ±0.04; BSA( 15 mg/mL) group:0.387 ± 0.02; BSA ( 30 mg/mL) group: 0.473 ± 0.05; BSA ( 30 mg/mL) + Ly294002 group: 0. 325 ±0.05, P ＜ 0.05 ]. The expression of MCP-1 protein in renal interstitum of operation group were remarkly increased too. [ Control group: 100 ± 15.1; BSA ( 5 mg/mL) group: 148 ± 19.3; BSA ( 15 mg/mL) group: 176±20.7; BSA(30 mg/mL) group: 263 ± 18.1; BSA(30 mg/mL) + Ly294002 group: 175 ± 18.0, P ＜0.05 ]. Albumin stimulated the expression of MCP-1mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner. Albumin remarkably increased the activity of NF-κB. Albumin enhanced the expression of Akt. Ly294002 inhibited albumin-induced the expression of NF-κB and partially decreased the level of MCP-1. Apositive correlation was noted between NF-κB activation and MCP-1 expression( r = 0.68 ,P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions Albumin-induces MCP-1 and NF-κB production via Akt signal pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Objective Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rapidly evolving neurologic syndrome with characteristic clinical and radiographic features. To define the clinical characteristics of PRES in patients with eoneomitant systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by analyzing their clinical manif-estations and reviewing the literature. Methods The details of 4 cases and a review of the literature relevant to the development of PRES in association with SLE are presented. We described the clinical and imaging characteristics and associated risk factors of posterior roversible PRES in patients with SLE. Results Inclu-ding our cases, we reviewed a total of 48 patients with SLE and PRES. Hypertension was observed in 42 cases (88%), renal failure in 30 cases (63%), 39 recent onset cases were treated with immunosuppressive drugs and/or steroids recently (81%). Headache was observed in 46 cases (96%), Corffusion/coma in 20 cases (42%), seizures in 43 cases (90%), visual disturbances in 28 cases (58%). Neuroimaging demonstrated posterior white matter edema involving the parietal-occipital, temporal, frontal lobes, and cerebellum. The hypertension and other worsening factors should be treated. Conclusion PRES is a central nervous system syndrome that is observed in SLE patients. It is associated mainly to acute hypertension, renal failure, and immunosuppressive drugs. Although reversibility is common, residual neurological damage may be observed. Complete clinical and radiographic recovery oeeurrs with prompt antihypertensive treatment and supportive care.

Objective To investigate the tumor-inhibitory effect of cytokine-induced killer cells(CIK)co-cul-tured with dendritic cells (DC)pulsed by breast cancer stem cell antigen on the same tumor-bearing mice. Methods Breast cancer stem cells were isolated from the cell line of MCF-7/ADR and extract lyses antigen of the stem cell was saved. DC and CIK derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals were co-cultured and pulsed or un-pulsed by the above antigen lyses. This DC+CIK were injected to breast tumorbearing mice (BCSC-AP-DC+CIK group), and were used to compared with the common breast cancer cell antigen (rather than breast cancer stem cell antigen) pulsed DC+CIK group(AP-DC+CIK group), DC+CIK group, CIK CIK group and normal saline group(NS group). The tumor-inhibitory effect were evaluated and compared among all 5 groups through the tumor size, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling test (TUNEL), examining expression level of bcl-2 and bax by immunohistochemistry. Results The tumor size in each group before and after therapy and the tumor size after therapy between each group was of significant difference(P＜0.05). The maximum size is NS group(3.625±0.093)cm3 and BCSC-AP-DC+CIK group is minimum,which is (1.234±0.131)cm3. BC-SC-AP-DC+CIK group is of highest expression of bax and apoptotic index value, lowest bcl-2 expression in all 5 groups. Conclusion The CIK co-cultured with DC pulsed breast cancer stem cell antigen was more effective to induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells than those of CIK cells co-cultured with DC pulsed breast cancer cell antigen,CIK cells co-cultured with DC and CIK cells.

Objective To investigate characteristic skin lesions and typical histopathological changes of adult-onset Still's disease(AOSD) for its early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Clinical data were collected from 8 patients with AOSD,and analyzed retrospectively.Results All the patients had transient rashes and persistent papules/plaques during the course of disease.Of the 8 patients,1 had urticaria-like rashes,3 had dermatomyositis-like rashes,and 1 had prurigo pigmentosa-like rashes.Biopsies were carried out at the sites where transient rashes or persistent papules/plaques occurred.Histopathological findings showed necrotic keratinocytes in the upper prickle cell layer,and perivascular infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the upper dermis.Conclusion The skin lesions and histopathological changes of AOSD are characteristic,which can provide clues to the early diagnosis of AOSD.

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34) on white matter structure of stroke patients. Methods 6 stroke patients with left hemiplegia in recovery stage were recruited. The sham acupoint was as control, the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in a 1.5 T SIEMENS scanner before and after acupuncture at Yanglingquan point was collected. Differences between the two conditions were compared with the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), which is one of FSL tools. Results The brain areas included left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, inferior frontal gyrus, internal capsule, fornix and bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, in which the verum acupuncture had stronger effect on fractional anisotropy (FA) than the sham acupuncture. White matter tract such as pyramidal tract, arcuate fasciculus, corpus callosum and other inter-cortex association fibers passed these brain areas. The fiber tracts and brain areas were found to be involved with multiple brain networks of motor compensation, somatosensory, language and cognition. Conclusion Compared with the sham point, acupuncture at Yanglingquan point can change the microstructure of stroke patients' white matter, mainly in the inaffected side and related to multiple functional networks.

Objective To study protective immunity effects of co-immunization with P30 DNA vaccine and protein vaccine. Methods Forty-eight 5-6 weeks old BALB/c female mice were divided into four groups (A,B,C,D), 12 mice of each group. In group A (control group) each mouse was immunized with 100 ?g pcDNA3.1 plasmid DNA by intramuscular (i.m.) for three times at week 0,2 and 4; in group B (P30 protein group) each mouse was immunized (i.m.) with 50 ?g rP30+50 ?g CFA for three times at week 0, 2 and 4; in group C (pcDNA3.1-P30 group) each mouse was immunized with 100 ?g pcDNA3.1-P30 plasmid DNA (i.m.) for three times at week 0, 2 and 4; in group D (P30 DNA+rP30 co-immunization group) each mouse was immunized with 100 ?g pcDNA3.1-P30 plasmid DNA (i.m.) for two times at week 0, 2 and immunized by subcutaneous with 50 ?g rP30+50 ?g CFA at week 4. Each mouse was infected with 100 tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain four weeks later after last immunization. The anti-P30 antibodies were detected with ELISA before the challenge. Results The P30 DNA vaccine was successfully constructed. High titers of anti-P30 antibodies were induced in each mouse immunized with DNA vaccine. The protective trial proved that there was no significant difference between control group and experimental group though the survival time of mouse from experimental group had been prolonged. Conclusion The P30 DNA vaccine could induced high titers of anti- P30 antibodies in immunized mice, and it may be a potential DNA vaccine candidate.