1.alpha-Lipoic acid reduced weight gain and improved the lipid profile in rats fed with high fat diet.
Eun Young SEO ; Ae Wha HA ; Woo Kyoung KIM
Nutrition Research and Practice 2012;6(3):195-200
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid on body weight and lipid profiles in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). After 4 weeks of feeding, rats on the HFD were divided into three groups by randomized block design; the first group received the high-fat-diet (n = 10), and the second group received the HFD administered with 0.25% alpha-lipoic acid (0.25LA), and the third group received the high-fat diet with 0.5% alpha-lipoic acid (0.5LA). The high fat diet with alpha-lipoic acid supplemented groups had significantly inhibited body weight gain, compared to that in the HFD group (P < 0.05). Organ weights of rats were also significantly reduced in liver, kidney, spleen, and visible fat tissues in rats supplemented with alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). Significant differences in plasma lipid profiles, such as total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein, were observed between the HFD and 0.5LA groups. The atherogenic index and the plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio improved significantly with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Total hepatic cholesterol and total lipid concentration decreased significantly in high fat fed rats supplemented with alpha-lipoic acid in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), whereas liver triglyceride content was not affected. In conclusion, alpha-lipoic acid supplementation had a positive effect on weight gain and plasma and liver lipid profiles in rats.
Animals
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Body Weight
;
Cholesterol
;
Diet, High-Fat
;
Kidney
;
Lipoproteins
;
Liver
;
Organ Size
;
Plasma
;
Rats
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Spleen
;
Thioctic Acid
;
Triglycerides
;
Weight Gain
;
Weight Loss
2.Changes in Corneal Keratometry Readings after Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Using Alcohol in Keratoconus Patients.
Si Jin NOH ; Ji Min AHN ; Kyung Eun HAN ; Kyoung Yul SEO
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2012;53(11):1591-1596
PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes in corneal keratometry (K) readings after corneal collagen cross- linking (CXL) using 20% alcohol in primary keratoconus and keratectasia after refractive surgery. METHODS: Twelve eyes of 10 patients with primary keratoconus and 3 eyes of 3 patients with keratectasia after refractive surgery were included in the present study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean K, corneal astigmatism by corneal topography, and mean K, corneal astigmatism, and spherical equivalent (SE) by auto refractometer were evaluated at baseline, and 6 months postoperatively. Eight eyes of 7 patients were also evaluated 1 year postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean BCVA improved from log MAR 0.66 +/- 0.50 to log MAR 0.55 +/- 0.58 (p = 0.100) at 6 month after CXL. In corneal topography, mean K significantly decreased from 50.04 +/- 5.88 D to 49.18 +/- 6.15 D (p = 0.019), and corneal astigmatism slightly decreased from 5.33 +/- 4.47 D to 5.29 +/- 4.88 D (p = 0.755) at 6 months after CXL. According to the auto refractometer, mean K significantly decreased from 48.53 +/- 5.94 D to 47.95 +/- 5.79 D (p = 0.038), corneal astigmatism significantly decreased from 3.95 +/- 2.54 D to 3.52 +/- 2.40 D (p = 0.010), and SE significantly decreased from -6.25 +/- 3.45 D to -5.40 +/- 2.91 D (p = 0.037) at 6 months after CXL. Significant mean K and corneal astigmatism decreases in topography were also observed at 1 year after CXL. Complications related to CXL were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: CXL using 20% alcohol appears to be a safe and promising treatment modality with less corneal stromal damage in progressive primary keratoconus and keratectasia after refractive surgery.
Astigmatism
;
Collagen
;
Corneal Topography
;
Eye
;
Humans
;
Keratoconus
;
Reading
;
Refractive Surgical Procedures
;
Visual Acuity
3.Location of CNS Labeled Neurons Innervating the Rat Thymus Using the Pseudorabies Virus.
Duck Si BYUN ; Sun Young SIN ; Ji Eun SEO ; Chang Hyun LEE ; Bong Hee LEE ; Moo Sam LEE
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 1999;12(1):123-137
This experimental studies was to investigate the location of CNS labeled neurons following injection of pseudorabies virus (PRV), Bartha strain, into the rat thymus. After survival times of 96~120 hours following injection of PRV, the rats were perfused, and their spinal cord and brain were frozen sectioned(30micrometer). These sections were stained by PRV immunohistochemical staining method, and observed with light microscope The results were as follows: 1. The PRV labeled spinal cord segments projecting to the rat thymus were founded in cervical and thoracic segments. Densely labeled areas of each spinal cord segment were founded in lamina V, VII, X, intermediolateral nucleus and dorsal nucleus. 2. In the rhombencephalon, PRV labeled neurons projecting to the thymus were founded in the A1 noradrenalin cells/C1 adrenalin cells/caudoventrolateral reticular nucleus, rostroventro-lateral reticular nucleus, medullary reticular nucleus, area postrema, nucleus solitary tract, nucleus raphe obscurus, nucleus raphe pallidus, nucleus raphe magnus, gigantocellular reticular nucleus, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus and spinal trigeminal nucleus. 3. In the mesencephalon, PRV labeled neurons were founded in parabrachial nucleus, Kolliker-Fuse nucleus, central gray matter, substantia nigra, nucleus dorsal raphe, A8 dopamin cells of retrorubral field, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, locus coeruleus, subcoeruleus nucleus and A5 noradrenalin cells. 4. In the prosencephalon, PRV labeled neurons were founded in reuniens thalamic nucleus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, precommissural nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic nucleus, preoptic hypothalamic nucleus, retrochiasmatic area, arcuate nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. These results suggest that PRV labeled neurons of the spinal cord projecting to the rat thymus might be the neurons related to the viscero-somatic sensory and sympathetic preganglionic neurons, and PRV labeled neurons of the brain may be the neurons response to the movement of smooth muscle in blood vessels. These PRV labeled neurons may be central autonomic center related to the integration and modulation of reflex control linked to the sensory system monitoring the internal environment. These observations provide evidence for previously unknown projections from spinal cord and brain to the thymus which may be play an important role in the regulation of thymic function.
Animals
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Anterior Hypothalamic Nucleus
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Arcuate Nucleus
;
Area Postrema
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Blood Vessels
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Brain
;
Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus
;
Herpesvirus 1, Suid*
;
Hypothalamic Area, Lateral
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Locus Coeruleus
;
Mesencephalon
;
Midline Thalamic Nuclei
;
Muscle, Smooth
;
Neurons*
;
Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus
;
Prosencephalon
;
Pseudorabies*
;
Rats*
;
Reflex
;
Rhombencephalon
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Spinal Cord
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Substantia Nigra
;
Thymus Gland*
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Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal
;
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus
4.Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on cell proliferation and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cells.
Mi Hee NA ; Eun Young SEO ; Woo Kyoung KIM
Nutrition Research and Practice 2009;3(4):265-271
The role that antioxidants play in the process of carcinogenesis has recently gained considerable attention. alpha-Lipoic acid, a naturally occurring disulfide molecule, is a powerful antioxidant that reportedly exerts beneficial effects in patients with advanced cancer by reducing the level of reactive oxygen species and increasing glutathione peroxidase activity. In this study, we examined changes in the protein and mRNA expression associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cultured in the presence of various concentrations (0, 250, 500, and 1000 micromol/L) of alpha-lipoic acid. The results revealed that alpha-lipoic acid inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells in a dose-independent manner (P < 0.05). Additionally, ErbB2 and ErbB3 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in response to alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the protein expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) levels and total Akt, and the mRNA expression of Akt were decreased dose-dependently in cells that were treated with alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expressions were also decreased in cells that were treated with alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). However, Bax protein and mRNA expressions were increased in cells treated with alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). Finally, caspase-3 activity was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in cells treated with alpha-lipoic acid (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated that alpha-lipoic acid inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.
Antioxidants
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Apoptosis
;
bcl-2-Associated X Protein
;
Breast
;
Breast Neoplasms
;
Caspase 3
;
Cell Line
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Glutathione Peroxidase
;
Humans
;
Reactive Oxygen Species
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Thioctic Acid
5.Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Parental Stress Scale for Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Seo Young PARK ; Jung Ho KIM ; Mi Young JEONG ; Yun Sung LEE ; Jeong Eun SHIN ; Yeon Jung LEE
Psychiatry Investigation 2021;18(12):1188-1197
Objective:
This study standardizes the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) for Republic of Korean parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and verifies its reliability and validity.
Methods:
Data from 160 parents of children with ADHD who completed the following self-reported questionnaires were analyzed: the Korean ADHD Rating Scales, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, the PSS, and the Global Assessment of Recent Stress Scale. All scale items were measured for reliability and validity, and the appropriate factors for measuring stress in Korean parents with ADHD children were extracted.
Results:
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses derived two sub-factors and 11 items. Goodness of fit was confirmed, and the scale was deemed suitable for explaining stress in parents of children with ADHD.
Conclusion
In this study, the validity and reliability of the K-PSS-ADHD were investigated. We expect that the K-PSS-ADHD will be used as a basis for future studies on stress in parents of children with ADHD.
6.Comparison of total energy expenditure between the farming season and off farming season and accuracy assessment of estimated energy requirement prediction equation of Korean farmers.
Eun Kyung KIM ; Seo Eun YEON ; Sun Hee LEE ; Jeong Sook CHOE
Nutrition Research and Practice 2015;9(1):71-78
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to compare total energy expenditure (including PAL and RMR) of Korean farmers between the farming season and off farming season and to assess the accuracy of estimated energy requirement (EER) prediction equation reported in KDRIs. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were 72 Korean farmers (males 23, females 49) aged 30-64 years. Total energy expenditure was calculated by multiplying measured RMR by PAL. EER was calculated by using the prediction equation suggested in KDRIs 2010. RESULTS: The physical activity level (PAL) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the farming season (male 1.77 +/- 0.22, female 1.69 +/- 0.24) than the off farming season (male 1.53 +/- 0.32, female 1.52 +/- 0.19). But resting metabolic rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the off farming season (male 1,890 +/- 233 kcal/day, female 1,446 +/- 140 kcal/day) compared to the farming season (male 1,727 +/- 163 kcal/day, female 1,356 +/- 164 kcal/day). TEE (2,304 +/- 497 kcal/day) of females was significantly higher in the farming season than that (2,183 +/- 389 kcal/day) of the off farming season, but in males, there was no significant difference between two seasons in TEE. On the other hand, EER of male and female (2,825 +/- 354 kcal/day and 2,115 +/- 293 kcal/day) of the farming season was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those (2,562 +/- 339 kcal/day and 1,994 +/- 224 kcal/day) of the off farming season. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that there is a significant difference in PAL and TEE of farmers between farming and off farming seasons. And EER prediction equation proposed by KDRI 2010 underestimated TEE, thus EER prediction equation for farmers should be reviewed.
Energy Metabolism*
;
Female
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Motor Activity
;
Seasons*
7.Diagnostic Challenge of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in a Patient With Hemiplegia After Traumatic Brain Injury.
Hye Eun SHIN ; Hoon Chang SUH ; Si Hyun KANG ; Kyung Mook SEO ; Don Kyu KIM ; Hae Won SHIN
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 2017;41(1):153-157
A 51-year-old man showed hemiplegia on his right side after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). On initial brain computed tomography (CT) scan, an acute subdural hemorrhage in the right cerebral convexity and severe degrees of midline shifting and subfalcine herniation to the left side were evident. On follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there were multiple microhemorrhages in the left parietal and occipital subcortical regions. To explain the occurrence of right hemiplegia after brain damage which dominantly on the right side of brain, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to reconstruct the corticospinal tract (CST), which showed nearly complete injury on the left CST. We also performed motor-evoked potentials, and stimulation of left motor cortex evoked no response on both sides of upper extremity. We report a case of patient with hemiplegia after TBI and elucidation of the case by DTI rather than CT and MRI.
Brain
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Brain Injuries*
;
Diffusion Tensor Imaging*
;
Diffusion*
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Hematoma, Subdural
;
Hemiplegia*
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Middle Aged
;
Motor Cortex
;
Pyramidal Tracts
;
Rabeprazole
;
Upper Extremity
8.A Case of Ischemic Colitis with Massive Bleeding.
Si Min KIM ; Young Sook PARK ; In Su JUNG ; Jin Su YANG ; Yu Seoung SEO ; Yeon Ho JOO ; Tae Hun KIM ; Yun Ju CHO ; Joon Kil HAN ; Jong Eun JOO
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2002;25(6):480-483
Ischemic colitis generally develops in the elderly patients with concomitant cardiovascular condition, diabetes mellitus, and renal insufficiency. This disease predominently occurs in the left colon, particularly splenic flexure and sigmoid colon. The most frequent symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, alteration in bowel functions and hematochezia. Blood loss is usually minimal in most patients. Herein, we report a case of ischemic colitis which developed on ascending colon with massive bleeding. A 48-year-old man was admitted because of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding for 7 days. He has underwent hemodialysis for thirteen years. Colonoscopy showed a circular ulcer on the ascending colon with partial stenosis and mass-like oozing lesion distal to the stenotic area. We performed right hemi-colectomy. Grossly, colon showed shallow ulceration and congested ileocecal valve coated with hemorrhage. Microscopically, ulcer bed showed thickened and fibrotic submucosa which had nearly obliterated atherosclerotic vessels.
Abdominal Pain
;
Aged
;
Colitis, Ischemic*
;
Colon
;
Colon, Ascending
;
Colon, Sigmoid
;
Colon, Transverse
;
Colonoscopy
;
Constriction, Pathologic
;
Diabetes Mellitus
;
Diarrhea
;
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)
;
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
;
Hemorrhage*
;
Humans
;
Ileocecal Valve
;
Middle Aged
;
Renal Dialysis
;
Renal Insufficiency
;
Ulcer
9.Relationship Between Grip and Pinch Strength and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients.
Jung Hyun BAE ; Si Hyun KANG ; Kyung Mook SEO ; Don Kyu KIM ; Hyun Iee SHIN ; Hye Eun SHIN
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 2015;39(5):752-762
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between grip and pinch strength and independence in activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients. METHODS: Medical records of 577 stroke patients from January 2010 to February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' grip and pinch strength of both hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic hands and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) score were collected. These patients were divided into three groups: group A (onset duration: < or =3 months), group B (onset duration: >3 months and <2 years), and group C (onset duration: > or =2 years). The correlation between grip and pinch strength and the K-MBI score was analyzed. RESULTS: In group A (95 patients), the K-MBI score was significantly (p<0.05) correlated with the grip and pinch strength of both hands in patients with right hemiplegia. Significant (p<0.05) correlation between the K-MBI score and the grip and pinch strength of the hemiplegic hand was shown in patients with left hemiplegia. In group B (69 patients) and group C (73 patients), the K-MBI score was significantly (p<0.05) correlated with the grip and pinch strength of the hemiplegic hand. CONCLUSION: Stroke patients in subacute stage mainly performed activities of daily living using their dominant hand. However, independence in ADL was associated with the strength of the affected dominant hand. For stroke patients in chronic and late chronic stages, their hand power of the affected hand was associated with independence in ADL regardless whether the dominant hand was affected.
Activities of Daily Living*
;
Functional Laterality
;
Hand
;
Hand Strength*
;
Hemiplegia
;
Humans
;
Medical Records
;
Pinch Strength*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stroke*
10.Evaluation of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma.
Chang Hoon BAI ; Young Jung SEO ; Seok Choon LEE ; Seung Min CHEN ; Un Hoi BAEK ; Eun Chae JUNG ; Si Youn SONG ; Yong Dae KIM
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine 2005;22(2):191-198
BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to evaluate the degree of sinus involvement in cases of inverted papilloma (IP). However, CT cannot differentiate tumor from adjacent inflammatory mucosa or retained secretions. By contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to be useful in distinguishing IP from paranasal sinusitis. This study investigated whether preoperative assessment with MRI and CT accurately predict the extent of IP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT and MRI were retrospectively reviewed in 9 cases of IP. Patients were categorized into stages based on CT and MRI findings, according to the staging system proposed by Krouse. The involvement of IP in each sinus was also assessed. RESULTS: Differentiation of IP from inflammatory disease may be more successful in routine cases where the inflammatory mucosa has low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. CT imaging could not differentiate tumor from adjacent inflammatory mucosa or retained secretions. CONCLUSION: Preoperative MRI of IP can predict the location and extent of the tumor involvement in the paranasal sinuses and sometimes predicts malignant changes.
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Papilloma, Inverted*
;
Paranasal Sinuses
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Sinusitis