No abstract available.
Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Pneumoconiosis*

PURPOSE: In the present study, an unusual case of traumatic retinopathy presenting as acute macular neuroretinopathy was reported. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old male was involved in a car accident and experienced a left 5th rib fracture. There was no direct ocular trauma. However, after the accident he noticed paracentral scotoma and loss of vision in his left eye. At initial examination 4 days after the trauma, central visual acuity was hand motion and visual field test revealed central scotoma in the left eye. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed hyper-reflectivity of the outer nuclear layer and disruption of the ellipsoid zone. Fluorescein angiography did not show any leakage or vascular damage but near-infrared autofluorescence imaging showed a dark lesion in the macular area. Visual acuity was improved to 0.2 at 2 weeks after trauma and 0.6 at 6 months after trauma while mild ellipsoid zone defect and visual field defect persisted. CONCLUSIONS: Traumatic retinopathy presenting as acute macular neuroretinopathy is an uncommon disease causing paracentral scotomas after non-ocular trauma, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Korea.
Aged ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Optical Imaging ; Rib Fractures ; Scotoma ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the factors associated with meaning in life among elderly female community dwellers aged 65 or older who were living alone. METHODS: A quota sample of 222 elderly female living alone was recruited. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Welch's test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression using the SPSS 22.0 program. RESULTS: The factors associated with meaning in life included age, education level, perceived economic status, perceived health status, social support, and loneliness. This regression model explained 66% of the variance in meaning in life. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, comprehensive nursing intervention programs for enhancing meaning in life are required.
Aged* ; Education ; Female* ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Nursing

Bladder dysfunction is a common occurrence following radical hysterectomy. It is a direct consequence of the intraoperative disruption of the autonomic nerve supply to the bladder. We herein evaluated 158 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of cervix in the Dept. of Obstet.-Gynecol., Seoul National University Hospital into two separate part. In Part 1,140 patients who received the surgery from Jan. 1980 to Dec 1981 were subjected to this study. The records and the follow-up results were analysed retrospectively. Immediate postoperatively, 44.7% of patients presented bladder dysfunction such as large residual urine over 100 cc and delayed perception of bladder filling sensation. In 6 month follow-up group, 15.8% of patients complained urologic symptoms such as strain. stress incontinence, urgency and sensory loss. In 1 year follow-up group, the same symptoms were persisted in 11.5% of patients. In Part 2, urodynamic test was performed in 10 patients preoperatively and 18 patients postoperatively. No differences were found between two groups except marked increase of bladder volume at the first voiding sensation. Urecholine denervation test of Lapides was done in 18 patients postoperatively and three patients revealed positive test, which means partial parasympathetic detrusor denervation. To decrease the incidence of bladder dysfunction, the use of suprapubic cystostomy, subcutaneous injection of urecholine, intermittent self catheterization are recommended rather than indwelling urethral catheter. Urodynamic test is necessary to define the nature and to manage the patients with bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy.
Autonomic Pathways ; Bethanechol Compounds ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cervix Uteri ; Cystostomy ; Denervation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Catheters ; Urodynamics

Bladder dysfunction is a common occurrence following radical hysterectomy. It is a direct consequence of the intraoperative disruption of the autonomic nerve supply to the bladder. We herein evaluated 158 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of cervix in the Dept. of Obstet.-Gynecol., Seoul National University Hospital into two separate part. In Part 1,140 patients who received the surgery from Jan. 1980 to Dec 1981 were subjected to this study. The records and the follow-up results were analysed retrospectively. Immediate postoperatively, 44.7% of patients presented bladder dysfunction such as large residual urine over 100 cc and delayed perception of bladder filling sensation. In 6 month follow-up group, 15.8% of patients complained urologic symptoms such as strain. stress incontinence, urgency and sensory loss. In 1 year follow-up group, the same symptoms were persisted in 11.5% of patients. In Part 2, urodynamic test was performed in 10 patients preoperatively and 18 patients postoperatively. No differences were found between two groups except marked increase of bladder volume at the first voiding sensation. Urecholine denervation test of Lapides was done in 18 patients postoperatively and three patients revealed positive test, which means partial parasympathetic detrusor denervation. To decrease the incidence of bladder dysfunction, the use of suprapubic cystostomy, subcutaneous injection of urecholine, intermittent self catheterization are recommended rather than indwelling urethral catheter. Urodynamic test is necessary to define the nature and to manage the patients with bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy.
Autonomic Pathways ; Bethanechol Compounds ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cervix Uteri ; Cystostomy ; Denervation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensation ; Seoul ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Catheters ; Urodynamics

No abstract available.
Cleidocranial Dysplasia* ; Leukemia*

PURPOSE: To compare the fluorescein angiographic findings of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) and optic neuritis. METHODS: The present study included 41 patients (41 eyes), who were diagnosed with NA-AION or optic neuritis and underwent fluorescein angiography in our clinic. The clinical profiles of patients, characteristics of optic disc head and hemorrhage, and visual field findings were analyzed retrospectively. The onset and filling time, perfusion time of retinal artery, optic disc, and peripapillary choroid were evaluated quantitatively. RESULTS: Patients with NA-AION showed statistically significant delay in both the onset time, filling time and perfusion time of the optic disc and peripapillary choroid compared with patients with optic neuritis (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the dye leakage of the peripapillary areas between the 2 groups (p = 0.324). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the results of fluorescein filling were significantly different between the NA-AION group and the optic neuritis group. The results may help determine the therapeutic plan and to differentiate between the 2 disease entities, especially in cases of overlapping clinical features.
Choroid ; Fluorescein ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic ; Perfusion ; Retinal Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Fields

The extract from Smilax china root has been used as medicinal remedy and reported to retain antimicrobial and antimutagenic acitivities. In this study, a possible presence of antioxidant activity of Smilax china root extract was investigated. Methanol extract (Me) revealed the presence of high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity (IC50 7.4 microg/ml) and protective property of cell's viability. Further fractionation with various solvent extraction and assay showed high levels of DPPH free radical scavenging activity in the ethyl acetate, butanol and water extracted fractions. In addition, V79-4 cells treated with Me of Smilax china root induced an increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in a dose-dependent manner between 4-100 microg/ml. These results suggest that the medicinal component of the root of Smilax china extracts also contains antioxidant activity.
Animal ; Antioxidants/*pharmacology ; Catalase/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fibroblasts/drug effects/metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology ; Free Radicals/metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase/drug effects/metabolism ; Hamsters ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Lung/cytology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Plant Roots/*chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; Superoxide Dismutase/drug effects/metabolism

The extract from Smilax china root has been used as medicinal remedy and reported to retain antimicrobial and antimutagenic acitivities. In this study, a possible presence of antioxidant activity of Smilax china root extract was investigated. Methanol extract (Me) revealed the presence of high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity (IC50 7.4 microg/ml) and protective property of cell's viability. Further fractionation with various solvent extraction and assay showed high levels of DPPH free radical scavenging activity in the ethyl acetate, butanol and water extracted fractions. In addition, V79-4 cells treated with Me of Smilax china root induced an increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in a dose-dependent manner between 4-100 microg/ml. These results suggest that the medicinal component of the root of Smilax china extracts also contains antioxidant activity.
Animal ; Antioxidants/*pharmacology ; Catalase/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fibroblasts/drug effects/metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology ; Free Radicals/metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase/drug effects/metabolism ; Hamsters ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Lung/cytology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Plant Roots/*chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; Superoxide Dismutase/drug effects/metabolism

Objective: Artificial intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis (AI-CAD) is increasingly used in mammography. While the continuous scores of AI-CAD have been related to malignancy risk, the understanding of how to interpret and apply these scores remains limited. We investigated the positive predictive values (PPVs) of the abnormality scores generated by a deep learning-based commercial AI-CAD system and analyzed them in relation to clinical and radiological findings. Materials and Methods: From March 2020 to May 2022, 656 breasts from 599 women (mean age 52.6 ± 11.5 years, including 0.6% [4/599] high-risk women) who underwent mammography and received positive AI-CAD results (Lunit Insight MMG, abnormality score ≥ 10) were retrospectively included in this study. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between the AI-CAD abnormality scores and clinical and radiological factors. The breasts were subdivided according to the abnormality scores into groups 1 (10–49), 2 (50–69), 3 (70–89), and 4 (90–100) using the optimal binning method. The PPVs were calculated for all breasts and subgroups. Results: Diagnostic indications and positive imaging findings by radiologists were associated with higher abnormality scores in the multivariable regression analysis. The overall PPV of AI-CAD was 32.5% (213/656) for all breasts, including 213 breast cancers, 129 breasts with benign biopsy results, and 314 breasts with benign outcomes in the follow-up or diagnostic studies. In the screening mammography subgroup, the PPVs were 18.6% (58/312) overall and 5.1% (12/235), 29.0% (9/31), 57.9% (11/19), and 96.3% (26/27) for score groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The PPVs were significantly higher in women with diagnostic indications (45.1% [155/344]), palpability (51.9% [149/287]), fatty breasts (61.2% [60/98]), and certain imaging findings (masses with or without calcifications and distortion). Conclusion PPV increased with increasing AI-CAD abnormality scores. The PPVs of AI-CAD satisfied the acceptable PPV range according to Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System for screening mammography and were higher for diagnostic mammography.