AlM: To study an approach to visual acuity correction after intracapsular cataract extraction by phase - ll intraocular lens implantation through the individualized arcuate keratotomy.
METHODS: For demonstration, 48 postoperative patients ( 50 eyes ) receiving the intracapsular cataract extraction were gathered up. Each patient received a scleral tunnel major incision along the radial line of the maximum corneal refractive power determined by a cornea curvimeter, and a arcuate keratotomy was made opposite to the major one; through the major incision an iris-claw intraocular lens is implanted. Each patient was measured for their corneal astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity before and after the surgery.
RESULTS: The results suggested the average corneal astigmatism before the surgery and that 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery as+3. 18±0. 68,-1. 56±0. 73,+0. 87± 0. 51, + 1. 21 ± 0. 70, + 1. 33 ± 0. 68 and + 1. 48 ± 0. 48 respectively. The uncorrected visual acuities 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery are 0. 5±0. 38, 0. 56±0. 23, 0. 55± 0. 24, 0. 52±0. 28 and 0. 51±0. 25 respectively.
CONCLUSlON: Phase-ll intraocular lens implantation witharcuate keratotomy is helpful to improve the postoperative visual acuity and reduce preoperative corneal astigmatism after the intracapsular cataract extraction aphakic eyes, lt is also a low-cost surgery, and easy to perform, with minor surgical injuries, particularly available for surgical visual acuity correction of the aphakic eye receiving intracapsular cataract extraction.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of different preparation methods on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) of paclitaxel-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (PTX-PBCA-NPs) and optimize the preparation of PTX-PBCA-NPs.

METHODSWith DL and EE as the major indexes, the qualities of PTX-PBCA-NPs produced by the interfacial polymerization and emulsion polymerization method were compared. The optimized prescription was obtained by orthogonal design.

RESULTSThe ranges of EE of PTX-PBCA-NPs with the two methods were both 94.39%-99.23%. The highest DL with interfacial polymerization was (1.07-/+0.03)%, as compared to (0.86-/+0.01)% with emulsion polymerization. The optimized preparation conditions resulted in the mean size of PTX-PBCA-NPs of 235.6 nm, DL of 0.80%, and EE of 95.71%.

CONCLUSIONThe EE of PTX-PBCA-NPs prepared by the above two methods is consistent with the requirement of the Pharmacopoeia of China, and PTX-PBCA-NPs containing higher DL can be obtained via interfacial polymerization.

Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemical synthesis ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Enbucrilate ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Polymerization

BACKGROUND: Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was the second Games held amid the COVID-19 pandemic. To a certain extent, it has altered the way sporting activities operate. There is a lack of knowledge on injury risk and illness occurrence in elite winter sport athletes amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games in Beijing from February 4 to 20, 2022. METHODS: We recorded the daily number of injuries and illnesses among athletes reported by Beijing 2022 medical staff in the polyclinic, medical venues, and ambulance. We calculated injury and illness incidence as the number of injuries or illnesses occurring during competition or training, respectively, with incidence presented as injuries/illnesses per 100 athlete-days. RESULTS: In total, 2,897 athletes from 91 nations experienced injury or illness. Beijing 2022 medical staff reported 326 injuries and 80 illnesses, equaling 11.3 injuries and 2.8 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 17-day period. Altogether, 11％ of the athletes incurred at least one injury and nearly 3％ incurred at least one illness. The number of injured athletes was highest in the skating sports (n=104), followed by alpine skiing (n=53), ice track (n=37), freestyle skiing (n=36), and ice hockey (n=35), and was the lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines (n=20). Of the 326 injuries, 14 (4.3％) led to an estimated absence from training or competition of more than 1 week. A total of 52 injured athletes were transferred to hospitals for further care. The number of athletes with illness (n=80) was the highest for skating (n=33) and Nordic skiing (n=22). A total of 50 illnesses (62.5％) were admitted to the department of dentistry/ophthalmology/otolaryngology, and the most common cause of illness was other causes, including preexisting illness and medicine (n=52, 65％). CONCLUSION: Overall, 11％ of athletes incurred at least one injury during the Games, which is similar to the findings during the Olympic Winter Games in 2014 and 2018. Regarding illness, 2％ of athletes were affected, which is approximately one-third of the number affected in the 2018 Olympic Winter Games.

Objective: To explore the impact of bundle branch block (BBB) on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) prognosis in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 6 429 ACS patients received PCI in our hospital from 2013-01 to 2013-12 were enrolled. According to BBB diagnosis at discharge, the patients were divided into 2 groups: BBB group, n=159 and Non-BBB group, n=6 270. The incidences of 2-year major adverse cardio and cerebral-vascular events (MACCE) including all-cause death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, in-stent thrombosis and stroke were compared between 2 groups; relationship between existing BBB and clinical outcomes was assessed. Results: Compared with Non-BBB group, BBB group had the elder age (62.97±11.37) years vs (58.26±10.36) years, lower BMI (25.31±3.02) vs (25.89±3.20), decreased glomerular filtration rate (86.89±16.15)ml/min vs (91.05±15.53)ml/min and LVEF (59.27±9.86)% vs (62.37±7.36) %, all P<0.05; other baseline condition, angiographic and interventional features were similar between 2 groups, all P>0.05. During 2-year follow-up period, compared with Non-BBB group, BBB group showed the higher incidences of cardiac death (2.5% vs 0.7%) and in-stent thrombosis (3.1% vs 0.8%), both P<0.05; other incidences of MACCE were similar between 2 groups, all P>0.05. With adjusted propensity score matching, 2-year incidence of MACCE was similar between 2 groups, P>0.05; 2-year incidences of MACCE in BBB group including LBBB and RBBB were similar to Non-BBB group, P>0.05. Cox regression analysis revealed that BBB was not related to ACS prognosis after PCI. Conclusion: BBB was not an independent risk factor for long-term MACCE occurrence in ACS patients after PCI.

With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the importance of vaccines in epidemic prevention and public health has become even more obvious than ever. However, the emergence of multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants worldwide has raised concerns about the effectiveness of current COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we review the characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in five platforms and the latest clinical trial results of them. In addition, we further discuss future directions for the research and development of the next generation of COVID-19 vaccines. We also summarize the serious adverse events reported recently after the large-scale vaccination with the current COVID-19 vaccines, including the thromboembolism caused by the AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson vaccines.
COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccines

Purpose: Capecitabine is an extensively used oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil in treatment of colon cancer and is known to cause hand-foot syndrome (HFS). As the target enzyme for capecitabine, thymidylate synthase (TYMS) plays a key role for 5-fluorouracil metabolism and has been associated with some side effects caused by capecitabine. The aim of our study is to identify the possible genetic predictors of capecitabine-induced HFS (CAP-HFS) in Chinese colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Whole exons of TYMS were sequenced for 288 extreme phenotype HFS patients, including 144 severe or early-onset (first 2 cycles) moderate HFS extreme cases and 144 extreme controls with no reported HFS. The associations between polymorphisms and CAP-HFS were analyzed using logistic regression under an additive model. Results: We identified a novel risk mutation (c.1A>G, chr18:657743), was associated with severe HFS in an extreme case who was affected during the first cycle of treatment. Moreover, we identified three new variants, rs3786362, rs699517, rs2790, and two previously reported variants, 5’VNTR 2R/3R and 3′-untranslated region 6-bp ins-del, which were significantly associated with CAP-HFS (p < 0.05). In silico analysis revealed that the effect of these polymorphisms in the TYMS region on the development of HFS might not be restricted solely to the regulation of TYMS expression, but also the TYMS catalytic activity through the indirect effect on ENOSF1 expression. Conclusion This study identified new polymorphisms in TYMS gene significantly associated with CAP-HFS, which may serve as useful genetic predictors for CAP-HFS and help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of HFS.

Purpose: Capecitabine is an extensively used oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil in treatment of colon cancer and is known to cause hand-foot syndrome (HFS). As the target enzyme for capecitabine, thymidylate synthase (TYMS) plays a key role for 5-fluorouracil metabolism and has been associated with some side effects caused by capecitabine. The aim of our study is to identify the possible genetic predictors of capecitabine-induced HFS (CAP-HFS) in Chinese colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Whole exons of TYMS were sequenced for 288 extreme phenotype HFS patients, including 144 severe or early-onset (first 2 cycles) moderate HFS extreme cases and 144 extreme controls with no reported HFS. The associations between polymorphisms and CAP-HFS were analyzed using logistic regression under an additive model. Results: We identified a novel risk mutation (c.1A>G, chr18:657743), was associated with severe HFS in an extreme case who was affected during the first cycle of treatment. Moreover, we identified three new variants, rs3786362, rs699517, rs2790, and two previously reported variants, 5’VNTR 2R/3R and 3′-untranslated region 6-bp ins-del, which were significantly associated with CAP-HFS (p < 0.05). In silico analysis revealed that the effect of these polymorphisms in the TYMS region on the development of HFS might not be restricted solely to the regulation of TYMS expression, but also the TYMS catalytic activity through the indirect effect on ENOSF1 expression. Conclusion This study identified new polymorphisms in TYMS gene significantly associated with CAP-HFS, which may serve as useful genetic predictors for CAP-HFS and help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of HFS.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Simotang Oral Liquid in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in adults. "Simotang Oral Liquid" "Simotang" "Si Mo Tang" "Si Mo Tang Oral Liquid" were used for retrieval of the relevant papers from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springer Link, and Web of Science from database inception to June 2021. Randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Simotang Oral Liquid in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in adults was screened out for Meta-analysis which was conducted in RevMan 5.3. A total of 16 RCTs were included. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, Simotang Oral Liquid increased the total response rate and lowered the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores, serum cholecystokinin(CCK), serum nitric oxide(NO), and incidence of adverse reactions. However, the serum substance P(SP) had no statistical difference between the two groups. Simotang Oral Liquid is effective and safe in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in adults. However, this study has evidence and limitations, so the conclusions need to be further verified by large sample and multicenter clinical studies.
Adult ; Humans ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

The clinical throat swab specimen of an imported suspected case of influenza A (H1N1) was detec ted with real-time PCR, RT-PCR and subsequently confirmed by gene sequencing. The presence of influ enza A (H1N1) virus confirmed the first case with A (H1N1) infection in Mainland China.
China ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny

The active ingredients of Ficus hirta and Hypericum perforatum were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and related papers. The potential targets of these two medicinal herbs were searched from HERB database, and those associated with microvascular angina were screened out from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), Therapeutic Target Database(TTD), and HERB. Cytoscape was used to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of the common targets shared by the two herbs and microvascular angina based on the data of String platform. Metascape was employed to identify the involved biological processes and pathways enriched with the common targets. Cytoscape was used to draw the "active ingredient-target-pathway" network. AutoDock Vina was used to dock the core ingredients with the key targets. A total of 19 potential active ingredients and 71 potential targets were identified to be associated with microvascular angina. Bioinformatics analysis showed that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3 K-AKT), interleukin-17(IL17), hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1) and other signaling pathways were related to the treatment of microvascular angina by F. hirta and H. perforatum. Molecular docking results showed that β-sitosterol, luteolin and other ingredients had strong affinity with multiple targets including mitogen-associated protein kinase 1(MAPK1), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and so on. These findings indicated that F. hirta and H. perforatum may regulate PI3 K-AKT, IL17, HIF-1 and other signaling pathways by acting on multiple targets to alleviate oxidative stress, inhibit inflammatory response, regulate angiogenesis, and improve vascular endothelium and other functions. This study provides reference for in vitro and in vivo studies of the treatment of microvascular angina.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Ficus ; Humans ; Hypericum ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microvascular Angina ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Network Pharmacology