OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone on serum lipid in aged male patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

METHODSEighty seven patients with chronic heart failure(> or = 60 years old) were randomly divided into 2 groups: the CHF control group (n = 46) who received regular therapy and the CHF experimental group (n = 41) who received regular therapy and recombinant human growth hormone. The treatment would be continued for 3 months. Another group was normal control group (n = 10). The detection of serum growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was carried out before and after treatment in the participants.

RESULTSBefore treatment, the levels of GH and IGF-1 were not significantly different among groups. After treatment, the levels of GH (0.71 +/- 0.34 vs 0.96 +/- 0.48) and IGF-1 (95.64 +/- 21.11 vs 111.64 +/- 23.14)in CHF experimental group were higher than those before the treatment. In CHF control group, the levels of GH(0.81 +/- 0.32 vs 0.79 +/- 0.29) and IGF-1 (97.82 +/- 19.74 vs 99.65 +/- 20.11) had no significant change after the treatment. After treatment, the levels of GH (0.96 +/- 0.48 vs 0.79 +/- 0.29) and IGF-1 (111.64 +/- 23.14 vs 99.65 +/- 20.11) in CHF experimental group were higher compared with that of CHF control group. Before treatment, the serum levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, TC and TG had no significant difference among groups. After treatment,the levels of LDL-C (2.11 +/- 0.82 vs 1.76 +/- 0.51) and TC (3.78 +/- 1.34 vs 3.21 +/- 1.17) in CHF experimental group were lower than those before the treatment. However, the levels of HDL-C (1.10 +/- 0.31 vs 0.99 +/- 0.28)and TG (1. 89 +/- 1.07 vs 1.66 +/- 0.95) had no significant change after the treatment compared with before treatment. In CHF control group, the serum lipid levels had no significant change after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONAs the treatment of rhGH for aged male patients with chronic heart failure, GH influences lipid metabolism, which reduces the level of LDL-C, TC. However GH has no effects on the serum HDL-C and TG level. With the treatment of rhGH for long-term, lipid metabolism should be paid attention,and the treatment for blood lipid reduction should be adjusted in time.

Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; blood ; therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology

[Abstract ] Objective Explore the clinical pathological characteristics and diagnostic methods on ent mucous epidermoid carcinoma.Methods Collection of 20 cases with ent mucous epidermoid carcinoma in our hospital,using immunohistochemical method to detect patients with CK and EMA,CEA and CK8 ex-pression.Results Twenty patients were men,of which the high differentiation of 17 cases,3 cases of poorly differentiated.CK ,EMA and CEA in patients with tumor tissue and CK8 were positive expression. Conclusions Ent mucous epidermoid carcinoma is a kind of relatively rare ent tumor,its clinical patholog-ical features and tumor tissue in CK and EMA,CEA and CK8 expressed help to identify and diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the combined detection of Golgi protein 73 (GP73),alpha-fetoprotein variant-L3 (AFP-L3)and transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1)in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Meth-ods 48 cases of healthy control,42 cases of hepatitis B,50 cases of posthepatitic cirrhosis and 58 cases of HCC were selected and detected GP73,AFP-L3 and TGFβ1.The detection results were compared among 4 groups.Results (1)The levels of GP73,AFP-L3 and TGFβ1 had statistical differences among 4 groups(P <0.05 );(2 )The positive rate of the 3-marker combined detection reached 96.55%,which was higher than that of the 2-marker combined detection and the single marker detection.Conclusion (1) GP73,AFP-L3 and TGFβ1 may be used as the serum indicators for the early diagnosis of HCC;(2)Compared with the traditional HCC marker AFP,AFP-L3 has relatively high sensitivity and specificity and has the important role in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant diseases of the liver,which is considered as a better serum marker in the HCC diagnosis;(3)The 3-indicator combined detection can significantly improve the positive detection rate of HCC and has better application value.

BACKGROUND:Panax notoginseng saponins promotes bone repair by improving vascular proliferation. Therefore, the scaffolds carrying panax notoginseng saponins were supposed to be used to improve bone repair at the bone defect region. However, the biocompatibility of scaffolds remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the biocompatibility of panax notoginseng saponins-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds.
METHODS:A new bone repair scaffold has been generated by thoroughly mixtures of 0, 0.1, 1, 10 mg panax notoginseng saponins and chitosan/hydroxyapatite using in-situ composite technique and freeze-drying technique. Morphology and mechanical property of the scaffold were observed under a scanning electron microscope. (1) Cel proliferation test:rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s of passage 3 were cultured in four kinds of drug loaded hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite material leaching liquor. Cel s normal y cultured were considered as controls. 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide was used to measure absorbance value of cel s in each group. (2) Hemolysis test:Rabbit anticoagulated blood was added with four kinds of drug loaded hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite material leaching liquor. Absorbance values were measured using a microplate reader in each group. (3) Pyrogen test:The four kinds of drug loaded hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite material leaching liquor and saline were respectively injected into ear vein of rabbits, and the increase of rabbit body temperature was detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Drug loaded hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite material contained three dimensional porous structure of 110μm in diameter. Drug loading process of panax notoginseng saponins did not significantly affect the porosity, pore size and density of the composite material, but decreased its breaking strength and elastic modulus. The larger amount of drug loading showed a more obvious effect. Simple hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite material had good cel ular compatibility. The composite material after drug loading obviously suppressed cel proliferation, and the larger amount of drug loading showed a more obvious effect. The composite material had good blood compatibility before and after drug loading. The composite material had good pyrogen effects before and after drug loading, but accorded with acceptable quality level of pyrogen test.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 in Alprostadil for injection.METHODS: The determination was performed on Alltech Alltima C18 column with mobile phase consisted of phosphate puffer(pH=6.3)-acetonitrile-methanol(70 ∶ 25 ∶ 5) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL? min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 196 nm.The column temperature was set at room temperature and the injection volume was 20 ?L.RESULTS: The prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 were well separated from main component and other impurities.The linear range of prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 were 0.175～19.00 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 7) and 0.23～19.90 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 2).The contents of prostaglandin A1 in 3 batches of samples were 4.7%,4.9% and 4.3%,and the contents of prostaglandin B1 in 3 batches of samples were 0.6%,0.8% and 0.5% respectively.CONCLUSIONS: This method is proved to be simple,specific and suitable for the content determination of related substances in Alprostadil for injection.

Objective: To compare the efifcacy and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin on thrombolytic disease prevention in very elderly patients. Methods: A total of 90 patients with high risk of venous thrombosis treated in our hospital from 2012-03 to 2014-03 were enrolled. The patients' mean age was (82.4±5.5) years and randomized into 2 groups: Rivaroxaban group, patients received oral rivaroxaban 10 mg/day,n=44 including 34 male and 10 female; Warfarin group, patients received oral warfarin, INR was monitored and kept at stable level of 1.6-2.5,n=46 including 38 male and 8 female. All patients were followed-up for 12 months. Hemoglobin and platelet levels, coagulation, liver and kidney functions, end point events were monitored before and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after treatment. Major efficacy endpoints included all-cause death, recurrent or new onset of venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral and cardiovascular events; major safety endpoints included massive hemorrhages, clinically relevant bleeding and worsening of liver, kidney functions. Results: No patient died during follow-up period. The average INRs in Warfarin group were (2.02±0.46), (1.98±0.54), (2.03±0.56) and (2.04±0.46) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment. Efficacy and safety were similar between 2 groups, Warfarin group had 7 patients with massive hemorrhages at 12 months of treatment and it was 2 patients more than that in Rivaroxaban group which had no statistic meaning. Hemoglobin and platelet levels, coagulation, liver and kidney functions were similar between 2 groups.Conclusion: Oral rivaroxaban was effective for preventing thromboembolic disease in very elderly patients, 10 mg/day was a safe dose; efifcacy of rivaroxaban was similar to warfarin while it was easier to use and with better compliance.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in Guide county of Qinghai province, in order to provide appropriate measures to monitor and control the disease. Methods Damo, Wenquan, Baoning villages(water source has been changed) and Taiping village(water source has not been changed) in Guide county were involved in the study in 2008. One tap water sample was collected in dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Water fluoride was tested in accordance with the "Standard Test Methods for Drinking Water" (GB/T 5750.5-2006); of all the children aged 8 to 12, dental fluorosis was diagnosed using Dean criteria; 6 copies of urine samples were collected in each age group, urinary fluoride was measured using fluoride ion-selective electrode (WS/T 89-1996). According to the "Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis "(WS 192-2008), clinical skeletal fluorosis was determined in adults over the age of 16 by X-ray examination for 10 people in each selected village. Results The mean water fluoride was 0.58,0.38,2.28,0.37 mg/L in Damo, Wenquan, Taiping, and Baoning villages, respectively, and that of Taiping village exceeded the national standard(1.0 mg/L). One hundred and ninety-three children aged 8-12 were checked, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 49.74% (96/193); urine samples of 116 children were tested, median urinary fluoride was 1.49 mg/L A total of 1503 adults over the age of 16 were examined, the clinical detection of skeletal fluorosis was 51.63%(776/1503); a total of 82 people were X-rayed, X-ray detection of skeletal fluorosis was 20.73%(17/82). The characteristic of X-rays were degeneration and ossification of interosseous membrane. Conclusions Prevalence of dental fluorosis of children and adult clinical skeletal fluorosis are higher. The endemic fluorosis is still comparatively serious. Prevention efforts need to be further strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic differences among scalp acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking, body acupuncture and western medication for treatment of vascular dementia (VD).

METHODSNinety cases were randomly divided into a combined therapy group (31 cases), a body acupuncture group (29 cases) and a western medication group (30 cases). The combined therapy group was treated with scalp acupuncture at forehead middle line, parieral middle line, temporal front line and temporal rear line as well as auricular point sticking at naogan (AT3,41), shen (CO10), shenmen (TF4), zhen (AT3), once a day; the body acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Zusanli (ST 36) and so on, once a day; the western medication group was treated with oral administration of aniracetam tablets, 0.2 g per time, twice a day. Fourteen days were considered as a treatment course, and totally 3 courses were required. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and activities of daily living (ADL) were applied to assess the changes of cognitive behavior ability before and after treatment among three groups. Also the efficacy among three groups were compared.

RESULTSOne case dropped out in the body acupuncture group and western medication group, respectively. The total effective rate was 90.334 (28/31) in the combined therapy group, which was superior to 85.734 (24/28) in the body acupuncture group and 79.3% (23/29) in the western medication group (both P < 0.05). After the treatment, the scores of MMSE and ADL were all improved among three groups, which was the most significant in the combined therapy group (MMSE: 23.32 +/- 4.45 vs 21.23 +/- 4.13, P < 0.05; 23.32 +/- 4.45 vs 20.41 +/- 4. 01, P < 0.01; ADL: 53.18 +/- 21.55 vs 51.92 +/- 20.42, P < 0.05; 53.18 +/- 21.55 vs 49.42 +/- 19.43, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe scalp acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking could improve the clinical symptoms and cognitive behavior ability in patients with vascular dementia, which has superior total efficacy to body acupuncture and western medication aniracetam tablets.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Cognition ; Dementia, Vascular ; psychology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scalp

BACKGROUND: Ephedra, a Chinese medicine, is often used to treat obesity with relatively satisfying results recently. However, the effects of Ephedra on the perimenopausal and postmenopausal obese women remain unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of oral Ephedra decoction on body mass and the levels of blood lipids, blood glucose and hormone in ovarietomized obese rats.DESIGN: A completely randomized and controlled experiment.SETTING: Institute of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Key Laboratory of Pre-clinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province and the Laboratory of Institute of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University from February 2006 to June 2006. Forty-four healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups with 11 rats in each group, namely sham-operated group, ovariectomized group, estrogen replacement therapy group and Ephedra group.METHODS: ① After having been narcotized by cloraminone (110 mg/kg),rats were underwent a bilateral ovariectomy except those in the sham-operated group, which were also operated, but their ovaries were not cut off. ②Rats in the sham-operated group and ovariectomized group were subcutaneously injected with sesame oil (0.2 mL/each rat) every day postoperatively till the end of the experiment. ③ The rats in the estrogen replacement therapy group were given estradiol (1 mg/kg) by subcutaneous injection every day postoperatively till the end of the experiment. ④ The rats in the Ephedra group freely drank 1% water extracts from Ephedra postoperatively, later the concentration of Ephedra gradually increased to 8% on the sixth day, which lasted until the end of the experiment. ⑤ The food intake was monitored daily, and body mass was measured every ten days. ⑥ At the end of the experiment, all the rats were fasted for 12 hours and collected blood samples for the measurement of serum indexes. The body mass and body length were measured to calculate the Lee's index [(g)×103/body length (cm)] at the same time.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Body mass and Lee's index at different time points in each group. ② Food intake at different time points in each group. ③ Levels of blood lipids and blood glucose in each group. ④Levels of estrogen, progesterone and insulin in each group.RESULTS: Forty-four rats all entered the analysis of results. ① Result of body mass and Lee's index at different time points: The body masses on the 20th, 30th, 40th and 50th days in the ovariectomized group were (256.4±14.3),(271.3±16.1), (276.4±12.7), (285.7±24.2) g, which were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group [(226.5±11.5), (241.8±12.6),(243.1±13.5), (251.1±22.4) g, P ＜ 0.05-0.01], and the Lee's index in the ovariectomized group was greater than that in the sham-operated group(317.2±13.5, 280.4±11.2, P ＜ 0.01). The body masses on the 40th and 50th days in the estrogen replacement therapy group were (243.7±14.8) and(246.2±11.9) g, which were significantly lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and the Lee's index (289.9±13.5) was lower than that in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.01). The body masses on the 40th and 50th days in the Ephedra group were (245.4 ±14.1) and(252.4±14.9) g, and the Lee's index was 294.4±11.0, which were all lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05). ② Result of Food in take at different time points: The food intakes on the 30th, 40th and 50th days in the Ephedra group were (17.8±2.4), (22.3±3.9), (26.1±3.5) g per day,which were decreased as compared with those in the ovariectomized group[(25.9±4.7), (28.5±5.3), (32.8±5.5) g per day, P ＜ 0.05]. ③ Levels of blood lipids and blood glucose: The levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the ovariectomized group were (1.73±0.32), (1.45±0.50), (0.78±0.19) mmol/L, which were higher than those in the sham-operated group [(0.94±0.29), (1.05±0.30), (0.08±0.11) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.01]. After the estrogen replacement therapy, the levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and blood glucose were (1.10±0.34),(1.14±0.30), (0.17±0.05), (5.88±1.21) mmol/L, which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), but the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher than that in the ovariectomized group [(1.11±0.31), (0.88±0.21) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.05]. The levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C in the Ephedra group were (0.97±0.16), (1.11±0.20), (0.59±0.07) and (0.45±0.061) mmol/L, which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ④ The serum levels of estrogen, progesterone and insulin in each group: The serum levels of estrogen and progesterone in the ovariectomized group were lower than those in the sham-operated group [(17.09±9.00), (28.51 ±7.99) μg/L;(58.69±12.11), (62.73±10.93) μg/L, P ＜ 0.01], the serum level of insulin was higher than that in the sham-operated group [(31.74±6.69),(23.75±6.66) mU/L, P ＜ 0.01]. The serum levels of estrogen in the estro gen replacement therapy and Ephedra group were (36.03±8.83) and (30.18±8.61) ng/L, which were higher than those in the ovariectomized group(P ＜ 0.05-0.01), the level of insulin were (21.34±4.57), (24.86±6.20) mU/L,which were lower than those in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01).The serum level of progesterone in the Ephedra group [(17.68±6.19) μg/L]was lower than that in the ovariectomized group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Ephedra can promote loss of body mass, reduce levels of the blood lipids and insulin, and increase the serum levels of hormones in ovariectomized obese rats.

The chemical structures of mequindox related metabolites in chicken plasma had been investigated using high performance liquid chromatography combined with linear ion trap quadrupole(LC-ESI/LTQ) and high performance liquid chromatography combined with ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/IT-TOF).Samples were separated by Hypersil BDS C_(18) and symmetry Shield columns, respectively, and 0.01% formic acid aqueous(A) and methanol(B) were used as mobile phase with gradient elution.Electros pray ionization mass spectrometric(ESI) source was used and operated in positive ion mode.When chickens were orally administered with mequindox at dosage of 20 mg/kg, blood samples were collected from the brachi al vein.Mequindox and its metabolites were extracted by the mixture of acetonitrile and acetoacetate (3:2, V/V).After solvent evaporated, the residue was dissolved in 30% methanol aqueous and the solution was detected by LC/IT-TOF MS and LC-ESI/LTQ.The molecule weight from LC-ESI/IT-TOF was analyzed by software Shimadzu's Composition and the mass chromatogram from LC-ESI/LTQ was analyzed by software Xcalibur 2.0.7.According to the molecular weight and MS~n data, referring the metabolic reaction rules, five chemical structures of mequindox related metabolites in chicken plasma were identified.Metabolites (M1-M4) were synthesized to verify the structure of metabolites.The metabolites are 3-methyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-qui-noxaline-N~1,N~4-dioxide(Ml), 3-methyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-quinoxaline-N~4-oxide(M2), 3-methyl-2-acetyl-quinoxaline-N~4-oxide, 3-methyl-2-acetyl-quinoxaline (M4), 3-hydroxymethyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-quinoxa-line-N~1,N~4-dioxide (M5).