Objective To investigate the incidence of six virulence determinants and two phenotypes in clinical strains of Enterococci.Methods PCR and dot blot were used to detect the six virulence determinants in 145 clinical isolates. The two phenotypes , including ?-hemolysis and gelatin hydrolyze ,were performed on agar plate containing 7% rabbit blood and Todd-Hewitt agar plate supplemented with 3% gelatin, respectively.Results In E. faecalis and E. faecium ,the rates of detection of the six virulence determinants were gelE72.9% vs 30.6%,efaA79.2% vs 36.7%,cylA54.2% vs 34.7%,esp34.4% vs 36.7%,agg 18.8% vs 0, ace28.1% vs 0, respectively; the ? hemolysis was 45.8% vs 20.4%,the gelatin hydrolyze was 35.4% vs 16.3%.Conclusions E. faecalis possess more virulence determinants and phenotypes than E. faecium do. The virulence determinants are more common among the strains isolated from urine sample than those from among sputum . Most of the E. faecalis carry virulence determinants of gelE,efaA and cylA .

Objective To investigate whether cystatin C-based prediction equations for GFR estimation are superior to SCr-based prediction equations.Methods One hundred and ninety-eight consecutive patients (85 males,113 females,average age 66.5 years) who underwent GFR measurement with 99TcmDTPA and serum cystatin C and SCr tests were included in this retrospective study.GFR,serum cystatin C and SCr concentrations were determined by the Gates method (measured GFR),the particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay,and the Jaffe method,respectively.Eight different equations (6 equations based on the serum cystatin C,and the other 2 based on SCr) were used to estimate GFR values,and the results were compared with that of the Gates method.Patients were divided into different groups according to the measured GFR (normalized to body surface area,1.73 m-2):normal renal function,mild,moderate or severe renal impairment groups.One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test were used to compare the estimated GFR,andx2 test was used to compare the diagnostic efficiencies of different GFR estimation equations.Results Among 198 patients,159 cases were with renal impairment (78 mild,58 moderate,23 severe),and the other 39 cases were with normal renal function.For patients with moderate or severe renal impairment,the estimated GFR calculated by the Tan formula was not different from the measured GFR (severe:(20.7±7.4) ml · min-1 vs (19.9±8.2) ml · min-1; F=6.75,t＜1.05; moderate:(42.1±14.4) ml· min-1 vs (46.8±9.2) ml· min-1; F=10.49,t＜1.63; both P＞0.05),and it had the least error compared with the measured GFR (severe:(12.3±7.0) ％ ; moderate:(17.9± 13.0) ％).For the patients with mild renal impairment and normal renal function,the estimated GFR calculated by the Tan formula was not valuable.For the diagnosis of renal impairment,the sensitivity and accuracy of the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula were 66.0％(105/159) and 71.2％(141/198),respectively,and those of the chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula were 70.4％ (112/ 159) and 73.7％(146/198),respectively.The sensitivities and accuracies of the cystatin C-based formulas (≥83.6％ (133/159) and ≥79.3％(157/198),respectively) were higher than those of MDRD formula and CKD-EPI formula (x2 ≥23.50,all P＜0.01).For the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (including 81 patients with moderate and severe renal impairment),the sensitivities of cystatin C-based prediction equations (≥ 86.4％ (70/81)) were higher than those of the MDRD formula and the CKD-EPI formula (76.5％ (62/81),79.0％ (64/81)),but the accuracies were slightly lower (Tan formula:80.3％ (159/198),x2≥ 56.42,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The Tan formula may be more suitable for the GFR estimation than the MDRD formula and CKD-EPI formula in the patients with severe or moderate renal impairment (serum cystatin C≥ 1.55 mg/L),but it may not be reliable for the patients with mild renal impairment and normal renal function.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between blood-lipid change and acute cerebrovascular disease (ACVD) and tocompare the blood-lipid levels in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage (CH group) with those in the patients with cerebralinfarction (CI group). Methods:The blood-lipid levels in 300 patients with ACVD (ACVD group) and 100 patients withother system disease (control group) were tested with automatic biochemistry analysor and compared between the twogroups. Results:There were significant differences between ACVD group and control group as well as between CH group andCI group. Conclusion:Although there were blood-lipid metabolic disturbances in both CH and CI patients, their degrees weresignificantly different, which should be closely observed and controlled in clinic.

Objective To study the relationship of ampicillin resistance and?lactamase production, and gene mutation on pbp5 gene fragment in Enterococcus faecium. Methods?lactamase production was tested with nitrocefin, the pbp5 gene fragment of 57 isolates of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (ARE. faecium) was amplified by PCR, the mutation of amplified pbp5 gene was detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP), the specific mutation types were confirmed by sequencing. Results?lactamase was negative in 57 isolates of ARE. faeciums; there were 3-6 gene mutation sites on pbp5 gene fragment, and the frequent mutation sites were the position 485 ,499 and 466'. Conclusion The gene mutation of pbp5 gene fragment may play an important role in the ARE. faecium.

Objective To compare the colonization rates of group B streptococcus (GBS) detected by using fluorescent PCR and bacterial culture in late pregnant women in Xuzhou area and analyze the drug resistance of GBS .Methods The fluorescence PCR assay and bacterial culture assay for GBS were both performed for the late‐pregnant women′s vaginal swabs and anal swabs samples which were collected in this area .The diagnostic efficiency were compared between the two methods .Then the drug sensitivity test were performed for stains isolated for the bacteria culture .Results Among the 484 spcimens ,53 cases were positive detected by u‐sing fluorescent PCR ,and the positive rate was 11 .0% ,the sensitivity was 100 .0% .31 cases were detected positive by using bacte‐rial culture ,and the positive rate was 6 .4% ,the sensitivity was 59 .6% .There were statistically significant differences between the positive rate and the sensitivity of the two groups(P<0 .05) .The drug sensitivity test showed that the sensitive rates were 100 .0%to penicillin ,ceftriaxone ,vancomycin .The resistance rates to erythromycin ,clindamycin ,levofloxacin were 71 .0% ,64 .5% and 58 .1% ,respectively .Conclusion The screening rate of GBS in late pregnant women is not low in Xuzhou area .PCR is a more rap‐id ,specificific and sensitive method .Routine detection of GBS should carried out by using the method of fluorescent PCR .Resistance rate of GBS to erythromycin and clindamycin were high in Xuzhou area .More attention should be paid to the rational use of antibi‐otics to prevent drug‐resistant producing in strains of GBS .

Objective: To explore the effect of Laminarina Japonica Polysaccharides (LJPS) on blood glucose in diabetes mice.Methods: Effect of LJPS on alloxan inducing diabetes mellitus model was investigated by applying different doses(125,250 and 500mg/kg bw).Results: The doses of LJPS were able to lower blood glucose level by 34.96%,20.70% and 26.82% respectively. They also decreased BUN level, enhanced liver glycogen, calcium in serum and insulin concentration. LJPS could restore the injury of alloxan induced pancreas islet significantly by histopathological findingConclusion: The results show that LJPS is an active component in protecting against alloxan induced pancreas injury and mediating the blood glucose level.

A reporter system for φC31 integrase was developed in NIH3T3 cells. The reporter plasmid coding green fluorescent protein (GFP) coupled with red fluorescent protein (RFP) was eo-transfected with the plasmid coding φC31 integrase, to show the activity of integrase in the cells. Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) was used to measure the proportion of the cells containing red and green fluorescence. The increment of green cells was positively related to the increase in the transfection with plasmid coding φC31 integrase. Approximately 90% of green cells were observed under a ratio of [plasmid-φC31-integrase]/[reporter plasmid] at 10 : 1. This suggests that the φC31 integrase reporter system provides a probe for the function of φC31 integrase in cells.

Objective To establish a modified dynamic 99Tcm-pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy(SGS) method,and to evaluate the value in the diagnosis of Sj(o)gren's syndrome(SS) by comparing SGS with labial gland biopsy (LGB).Methods A total of 204 patients (21 males,183 females,age range 20-85 years) with suspected SS who underwent the modified dynamic SGS and LGB were enrolled in this prospective study.Uptake ratio (UR) and excretion fraction (EF) of the left parotid gland (LPG),the right parotid gland (RPG),the left submandibular gland (LSG) and the right submandibular gland (RSG)were calculated.Two-sample t test was used for data analysis.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of the modified dynamic SGS and LGB were calculated,and x2 test was used for data analysis.Results SS was confirmed in 113 patients,including 79 patients with primary SS and 34 patients with secondary SS.SS was excluded in 88 patients.The UR and EF of the SS group (LPG:1.95±1.04 and (52.2±19.5)％,RPG:1.96±1.06 and (55.0±21.1)％,LSG:2.65±1.12 and (25.9±14.1)％,RSG:2.72±1.30 and (29.7± 14.7) ％) were significantly lower than those of the non-SS group (LPG:3.08± 1.10 and (65.9± 12.7) ％,RPG:3.26±1.16 and (66.4±12.6)％,LSG:3.71±1.31 and (43.2±12.3)％,RSG:3.74±1.39 and (46.6± 11.5) ％;t=4.40-9.00,all P＜0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of the modified dynamic SGS were 99.1％ (112/113),72.7％ (64/88),87.6％ (176/201),respectively,while those of LGB were 83.2％ (94/113),96.6％ (85/88),89.1％ (179/201),respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of SGS method were significantly different from those of LGB (x2 =15.9,17.5,both P＜0.05).Conclusions The modified dynamic SGS can reduce the acquisition time and has a high sensitivity for SS.When combined with LGB,it will improve the diagnostic accuracy for SS.

Objective To observe the application of allopurinol in the treatment of gouty nephropathy, and evaluate its clinical effect on the level of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. Methods Patients with gouty nephropathy from April 2015 to May 2017 in Xining first people's hospital 126 patients as the research object, divided into observation group and control group of 63 cases with double blind random method, given the reference group of patients basic treatment, the observation group treated with allopurinol in the reference group on the basis, effects were compared between the two groups the clinical therapeutic effect and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure level. Results After 12 months of therapy, compared two groups of patients before treatment, serum uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) were improved, and the observation group was obviously better than that of control group (P<0.05); the observation group total efficiency of treatment group was 88.89％ (56/63), the reference group was 74.60％ (47/63), with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Allopurinol can be used in the treatment of gouty nephropathy. It can help to improve the clinical effect and improve the clinical symptoms of the patients. It is of practical value.

A reporter system for ?C31 integrase was developed in NIH3T3 cells.The reporter plasmid coding green fluorescent protein(GFP) coupled with red fluorescent protein(RFP) was co-transfected with the plasmid coding ?C31 integrase, to show the activity of integrase in the cells.Fluorescence activated cell sorter(FACS) was used to measure the proportion of the cells containing red and green fluorescence.The increment of green cells was positively related to the increase in the transfection with plasmid coding ?C31 integrase.Approximately 90% of green cells were observed under a ratio of plasmid-?C31-integrase/reporter plasmid at 10∶1.This suggests that the ?C31 integrase reporter system provides a probe for the function of ?C31 integrase in cells.