Ways of effectively managing and using the scientific papers published by the personnel of an orga- nization so as to contribute to the enhancement of its scientific and technological strength and the level of its medical work are issues to be explored by file managing departments of scientific and medical institutions. On the one hand, the institutions should work out by administrative means various rules and regulations so as to standardize the filing of papers. On the other hand, the filing departments should enhance people's consciousness and initiative in placing their papers on file through excellent management and convenient service so as to bring the filing of scientific papers into a sound cycle. [

This paper introduces the conducting systematic reviews and Meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology (COSMOS-E) and illustrates the critical issues of COSMOS-E with a published systematic review. This document provides researchers with guidance on all steps in systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, from shaping the research question, defining exposure and outcomes, to assessing the risk of bias and statistical analysis.

Urea transporters (UT) play a vital role in the mechanism of urine concentration and are recognized as novel targets for the development of salt-sparing diuretics. Thus, UT inhibitors are promising for development as novel diuretics. In the present study, a novel UT inhibitor with a diarylamide scaffold was discovered by high-throughput screening. Optimization of the inhibitor led to the identification of a promising preclinical candidate,