Objective To investigate the expression of KLF4 in cervical carcinoma and its significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray were used to examine the expression of KLF4 in 39 cases of carcinoma, 30 cases of normal cervical epithelial tissues and 28 cases of cervical cancer in situ. Results Moderate to strong nuclear staining for KLF4 was found in normal tissues and cervical cancer in situ. Interestingly, KLF4 expression was lost in 16 (P<0.05) of 39 carcinoma cases. However, KLF4 expression was not associated with clinicopathologic parameters, including tumor stage and differentiation. Conclusion Our observations indicate that KLF4 may function as a tumor suppressor in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and complications of non - phacoemulsification small incision extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE) and intraocular lens implantation to treat cataract. Methods Through 5.5 -7mm scleral tunnel incisions at 12:00, 212 cases (231 eyes) of cataracts were treated with intraocular lens implantation after continuous circular capsulorhexis and extraction of lens nucleus. Results One week postoperatively, the visual acuity was ≥0.5 in 184 eyes(79.65% ) ; one month postoperatively, the visual acuity was ≥0.5 in 202 eyes(87.45% ). The main complications were corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation and posterior capsular rupture etc. Conclusion Nnon - phacoemulsification small incision ECCE and intraocular lens implantation is simple and has satisfied effects to treat cataract.

Objective To design an instrument that can provide a series of pulse to stimulate cell by means of external electric field, the structure and function of organism can retrieve. Methods AVR MCU, produced by America ATMEL Co., is used as the core of the system. The program has been developed to adjust three pulse's parameters, including amplitude, frequency and pulse duration. The cooperation between DAC and OP completes the transformation from monopole pulse to bipolar pulse. The booster PB50 amplifies the current and voltage of the output. Results The Stimulator can provide bipolar pulse, amplitude: up to ?40V, frequency: 0.01Hz -10Hz, pulse duration: 0.4ms -24ms. Conclusion Cooperating with special electrode board, the instrument can provide effective electric field for cell simulating. At present the instrument has been used in the research of the endothelial progenitor cell.

Objective To develop the PCR-denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for detection of E. Coli O157: H7. Methods The virulence genes of Shiga-like toxin(SLT) and rfbE were specifically amplified by 2 sets of primers. The target gene fragments of the PCR assay were 224 bp and 499 bp, respectively. Results Analysis of 37 strains demonstrated that this PCR system was specific. The detection limit of the PCR was 4 CFU/ml. Conclusion These results indicated that the multiplex PCR-DHPLC assay can be used for specific and sensitive detection of E. Coli O157:H7.

OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of Xiaoaiping injection(Xap)combined with gefitinib(Gef)in nude mice bearing resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells H460 or H975. METHODS BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human NSLCL cells H460 or H1975 and the drug treatment did not start until the tumor volume reached 50-100 mm3. The tumor bearing mice were divided into four groups:control group,Xap group(5 g · kg-1,ip),Gef group (50 mg · kg-1,ig),and Xap plus Gef group. All the administration lasted for 21 d continuous. Tumor volumes were measured two or three times per week,and the body weight of animals was re-corded. At the end of the test,tumors were weighed after the sacrifice of mice. Tumor inhibition rate and relative tumor proliferation rate were calculated based on tumor weight and tumor volume. The related biomarkers and proteins in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the control group,no significant effect was observed on the growth of H460 and H1975 xenografts in groups of Xap or Gef alone in nude mice. However,the two-drug combination significantly suppressed tumor volume,with (1103 ± 340) versus (3020 ± 450) mm3 for H460 and(487 ± 153)versus(1269 ± 161)mm3 for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The combined Xap and Gef application also significantly reduced the tumor weight,with(1.20±0.52)versus(2.78± 0.93)g for H460 and(0.52 ± 0.32)versus(0.92 ± 0.42)g for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The relative tumor proliferation rate and inhibition rate in the combination group was 42.1%and 43.5%for H460(P<0.01),43.0%and 52.5% for H1975(P<0.01). Compared with Xap and Gef drug alone,their combination showed significant difference in reducing tumor weight,suppressing tumor proliferation rate and increasing tumor inhibition rate(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that each drug alone had no effect on tumor angiogenesis markers of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and CD105 expression,or on drug resistance related proteins of p-ERK,p-Akt and p-mTOR,whereas the combination of Xap and Gef obviously reduced the expression of these biomarkers in H460 and H1975 tumor tissues. The decreased drug resistance related proteins of p-PI3K and its downstream molecules p-Akt,p-ERK and p-mTOR by the two-drug combination were also confirmed by Western blot results(P<0.01,compared with control), and showed significant difference compared with each single treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The addition of Xap significantly improves the antitumor activity of Gef in H460 and H1975 xenografts,and this synergistic effect may be ascribed to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis,the down-regulation of PI3K and its downstream signaling molecules which are associated with drug resistance.

Objective To explore the relationship between the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGFR2) gene polymorphism (rs 2981582 ,rs 1219648 ,rs 2420946) and the breast cancer risk in Tibetan population ,Qinghai province .Methods This is a case con‐trol study .Peripheral blood samples from 210 breast cancer patients and 230 healthy women in Qinghai area were collected .DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood cells .FGFR2 gene polymorphism (rs 2981582 ,rs 1219648 ,rs 2420946) were typed by Taqman‐MGB probe based on PCR and DNA sequencing ,then analyzed its correlation with breast cancer in Tibetan population , Qinghai province .Results The genotype frequencies of rs 2981582 CC ,CT and TT were 40 .48% ,39 .05% and 20 .47% among the breast cancer patients while 36 .09% ,48 .69% and 15 .22% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of rs 1219648 GG ,AG and AA were 24 .76% ,26 .19 % and 49 .05% among the patients while 23 .91% ,47 .39% and 28 .70% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of rs 2420946 CC ,CT and TT were 29 .05% ,45 .24% and 25 .71% among the patients while 30 .87% , 51 .74% and 17 .39% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of all genetic loci had no significant difference between rs 2981582 and rs 2420946 (P>0 .05) .But the genotype frequencies of rs 1219648 AA have statistical sense (P< 0 .05) ,compared with GG ,the incidence of breast cancer was remarkably increased with AA [OR=1 .65 ,95% CI= (1 .01 ,2 .69)] .Conclusion This study shows that FGFR2 rs1219648 AA is related to breast cancer risk among Tibetan population .

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory/immune modulatory effects of high-expressing membrane bound M-CSF-hematopoietic malignant cells on macrophages. Methods After coculturing RAW264.7 and murine macrophage cell line with Namalwa-M, a cell line stably expressing mM-CSF, and companing with Nainalwa-V, a cell line stably transfected with the empty vector as the control, flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of the marker of alternatively activated macrophages, CD206, and intracellular expression of IL-10, IL-12, IL-6 and TNF-α to study the immunophenotype of RAW264.7; phagocytic assays to investigate their functional activity in vitro. Results RAW264.7 cocultured with Namalwa-M consistently showed high-level expression of CD206, which indicated activities of these macrophage cells were increased. Furthermore, these RAW264.7 expressing high levels of IL-10, TNF-a and low levels of IL-12, IL-6, as determined by intracellular staining were suggested that the phagocytic activity was increased. Functionally, RAW264.7 cocultured with Namalwa-M showed a higher level of phagocytic activity. Conclusion Macrophage generated in vitro after cocultured with mM-CSF-expressing hematopoietic malignant cell line could be transformed into abnormal macrophage with an immunophenotype defined as IL-10-high, IL-12-low, IL-6-low and TNF-α-high.

To evaluate the value of serum human epididymis protein 4(HE4),cancer embryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen(CA125,CA19-9,CA153),alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) in ovarian cancer early diagnosis.Methods:Abbott Architect i2000SR was used to detect the levels of preoperative serum tumor markers (n=7) in ovarian cancer group,benign ovarian tumor group and the normal control (each n=60).Results:The levels of serum HE4,CA125, CA199,CEA,CA153,AFP and β-HCG in ovarian cancer group were markedly higher than the benign ovarian tumor group and the control group.There was statistically significant difference ( P<0.05 ).The diagnosis of ovarian cancer tumor markers were high specificity,but sensitivity was not high except HE4 (76.67%) and CA125 (68.33%).With Youden Index,the area under curve of ROC,the HE4 was demonstrated higher specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy.There was also medium diagnostic value of CA 125 ,CA199 and CEA for ovarian cancer.The sensitivity of ovarian cancer diagnosis is raised by combined assay with serum tumor marker ,but the specificity would be reduced accordingly.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection is considered the best.Conclusion:CA153,AFP and β-HCG have lowered diagnosis for ovarian cancer.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection could significantly improve specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Objective To report a new method of fluorescent labeling technique in microarray studies: universal primer U2 labeling( UPL). The efficiency was compared of the UPL with that of random primer, restriction display labeling method and the reverse transcription coupled random primer spiking labeling method(RT-PSL). Methods Influenza viral RNA was labeled with both UPL and the conventional random primer labeling method as well as two other more laborious labeling methods( RD-direct and RD-incorporate), and hybridized with influenza virus oligonucleotide microarrays. The signals extracted from the microarrays were analyzed using SPSS 10.0 software. Results The fluorescent intensity, signal-to-noise ration(SNR), true positive ratio(TPR) of probes and labeling reproducibility of UPL were demonstrated to be higher than those of the Random primer approaches.Conclusion These results established that UPL is a valid new labeling protocol, which may have wide applications in the research and development of the microarray technology.

Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide on liver injury induced by isoniazid( INH) combined with rifampicin( RFP) in mice. Methods Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into six groups ( control, model, huganpian, Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide at low, middle, and high dose ) . The mice were administered orally with isoniazid and rifampicin simultaneously except the control. After 2 h,the control and model groups were administered with normal saline,and others were treated with huganpian and Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide,respectively,once a day for 2 weeks. The liver index and serum levels of ALT and AST,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase( GPx) were measured. Pathology examination of liver tissue was performed. Results The activities of ALT and AST, liver index, content of MDA in liver homogenate of mice treated with Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide and huganpian decreased obviously, while the liver SOD activity increased. Histopathological exzamination showed that Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide alleviated the degeneration and necrosis of hepatic cells. Conclusion Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide shows protective effects on mice with hepatic toxic injury induced by isoniazid and rifampicin,which maybe due to its antioxidation effect.