1.Short-term influence on ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with hysterectomy plus salpingectomy
Cuiying CHEN ; Keli YOU ; Guandi CHEN ; Shuyan WU ; Zhigang LI
Journal of Medical Postgraduates 2017;30(1):83-87
Objective The risk of ovarian/pelvic serous cancer can be reduced by prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy ( PBS) at the time of hysterectomy .This study was to evaluate the short-term influence of PBS plus hysterectomy on ovarian reserve in premenopausal women . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 60 premenopausal women treated by total lapa-roscopic hysterectomy ( TLH) for benign indications , 30 undergoing PBS at the same time ( the experimental group ) while the other 30 with the ovary preserved ( the control group ) .We compared the levels of FSH, LH, E2, and anti-Müllerian hormone ( AMH) and the inci-dence of peri-menopausal symptoms between the two groups of patients before and at 1 and 3 months after operation . Results Statistically significant differences were not observed between the two groups in the such baseline clinical characteristics as age , gravidity, parity, men-strual cycle, comorbidity, diagnosis, comorbidities, and history of abdominal surgery (P>0.05), nor in the AMH level at the baseline ([1.08±0.08] vs [1.04±0.10] ng/mL) or at 1 month ([0.86± 0.44] vs [0.81±0.48] ng/mL) or 3 months postoperatively ([0.84±0.94] vs [0.68±0.42] ng/mL) (F=0.247, P=0.746).Howev-er, the mean level of AMH was markedly reduced at 1 and 3 months after operation as compared with the baseline ( P<0.05) , though with no significant difference between 1 and 3 months ( P>0.05) .There were not any statistically significant differences in the levels FSH, LH, and E2 between the two groups before or at 1 and 3 months after surgery (P>0.05), nor in the incidence rates of peri-menopausal symptoms at 1 month (6.7%vs 3.3%, P>0.05) or 3 months postoperatively (10.0%vs 6.7%, P>0.05). Conclusion PBS at the time of total hysterectomy in premenopausal women does not affect ovarian reserve in the short term .The level of AMH has a higher sensitivity than those of FSH , LH and E2 in the assessment of postoperative ovarian function .
2. Prenatal ultrasound characteristics of fetal congenital absence of the ductus venosus and follow-up analysis of the prognosis
Yanqing YIN ; Chunli JING ; Shuyan YOU
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine 2018;41(8):746-749,759
Objective:
To investigate the sonographic findings of fetal congenital absence of the ductus venosus (ADV) and its effect on the prognosis of fetus.
Methods:
The ultrasonographic features of 11cases of fetal ADV deficiency diagnosed from December 2013 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the fetal prognosis was followed up.
Results:
Of the 11 cases, umbilical vein flew directly back to the right atrium in 7 cases; umbilical vein connected with the inferior vena cava in 1 case; umbilical vein directly flowed into the iliac vein in 1 case; umbilical vein and portal vein connection in the other 2 cases. Of the 11 cases, 4 cases were solitary and had no abnormality after birth; 5 cases were complicated with abnormal structure of intracardiac and extracardiac system; 2 cases were only followed with abnormal extracardiac system. Of the 5 complicated cases, 1 case was double chorionic twin amniotic membrane pregnancy (the second fetuse had no obvious abnormality) and died after birth; the other 4 cases were terminated before 28 weeks of gestation. Of the 2 complicated cases, 1 case was followed with severe digestive tract abnormalities and died after birth, and the other one was followed with single umbilical artery and hydramnion.
Conclusions
Color Doppler ultrasonography is an important means for prenatal screening of fetal ADV.The prognosis of patients with solitary ADV without fetal cardiac dysfunction is good.The prognosis is poor to patients with severe intracardiac and extracardiac abnormality. There is a correlation between the ADV and fetal chromosomal abnormalities. If pregnancy is necessary, fetal chromosome examination should be recommended first and cardiac function should be followed up closely by ultrasound.
3. New advances in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis
Shuyan CHEN ; Yameng SUN ; Hong YOU
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2017;25(8):563-565
Various chronic liver diseases may progress to liver fibrosis or liver cirrhosis. Assessment of the degree of liver fibrosis helps with clinical decision-making, prognosis prediction, and evaluation of therapeutic effect, and therefore, accurate diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of liver fibrosis is a research hotspot at present. The advances in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in recent years include the publication of international consensuses and guidelines, evaluation of the outcome of liver fibrosis after antiviral therapy, development of the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with non-viral hepatitis, and constant update of noninvasive diagnostic techniques.
4.Expanding initial anti-HBV therapy for chronic hepatitis B: Reducing the treatment threshold of alanine aminotransferase
Jiayi ZHANG ; Shuyan CHEN ; Hong YOU
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2023;39(1):27-30
In order to achieve the global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 proposed by the World Health Organization, it is of great importance to expand the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients. Recent studies have shown that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with liver inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and outcome events of liver disease. Besides, as a strategy for expanding antiviral therapy, reducing the treatment threshold of ALT can reduce the occurrence of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. In the Expert opinion on expanding antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B published in China in 2022, the treatment indication for chronic hepatitis B patients was updated to positive serum HBV DNA and ALT above the treatment threshold (30 U/L for male and 19 U/L for female), with the exclusion of other causes.
5.Hepatocellular carcinoma prediction model performance decreases with long-term antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients
Xiaoning WU ; Xiaoqian XU ; Jialing ZHOU ; YaMeng SUN ; Huiguo DING ; Wen XIE ; Guofeng CHEN ; Anlin MA ; HongXin PIAO ; Bingqiong WANG ; Shuyan CHEN ; Tongtong MENG ; Xiaojuan OU ; Hwai-I YANG ; Jidong JIA ; Yuanyuan KONG ; Hong YOU
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2023;29(3):747-762
Background/Aims:
Existing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prediction models are derived mainly from pretreatment or early on-treatment parameters. We reassessed the dynamic changes in the performance of 17 HCC models in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during long-term antiviral therapy (AVT).
Methods:
Among 987 CHB patients administered long-term entecavir therapy, 660 patients had 8 years of follow-up data. Model scores were calculated using on-treatment values at 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 years of AVT to predict threeyear HCC occurrence. Model performance was assessed with the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC). The original model cutoffs to distinguish different levels of HCC risk were evaluated by the log-rank test.
Results:
The AUROCs of the 17 HCC models varied from 0.51 to 0.78 when using on-treatment scores from years 2.5 to 5. Models with a cirrhosis variable showed numerically higher AUROCs (pooled at 0.65–0.73 for treated, untreated, or mixed treatment models) than models without (treated or mixed models: 0.61–0.68; untreated models: 0.51–0.59). Stratification into low, intermediate, and high-risk levels using the original cutoff values could no longer reflect the true HCC incidence using scores after 3.5 years of AVT for models without cirrhosis and after 4 years of AVT for models with cirrhosis.
Conclusions
The performance of existing HCC prediction models, especially models without the cirrhosis variable, decreased in CHB patients on long-term AVT. The optimization of existing models or the development of novel models for better HCC prediction during long-term AVT is warranted.
6.Diagnosis and management of primary biliary cholangitis with osteoporosis
Wen ZHANG ; Shuyan CHEN ; Tingting LYU ; Hong YOU
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2021;37(10):2272-2276
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease often observed in the middle-aged and elderly women and it can eventually lead to liver cirrhosis or liver failure. Osteoporosis is one of the common complications in PBC patients and is characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures. Osteoporosis and fractures caused by osteoporosis seriously affect the quality of life of PBC patients, and with the improvement of PBC treatment strategies and the increase in life expectancy, early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of PBC with osteoporosis is of particular importance. This article briefly summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis and treatment of patients with PBC and osteoporosis and proposes current challenges and future research directions.
7. Clinical characteristics and diagnosis of early hydatidiform mole
Lanzhou JIAO ; Shuyan YOU ; Yaping WANG ; Chenggong ZHU ; Jiyong JIANG
Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019;54(11):756-762
Objective:
To evaluate the clinical characteristics and diagnostic strategies of early hydatidiform mole.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 526 women with hydatidiform mole who underwent suction curettage and were confirmed by histopathology in Dalian Maternal and ChildHealth Care Hospital from Feb. 2013 to Feb. 2018, including 484 women with gestational age less than or equal to 12 weeks (the early group) and 42 women with gestational age greater than 12 weeks (the late group). The clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared, and the pathological diagnosis and pre-evacuation ultrasound examination of the early group were further discussed.
Results:
Compared with the late group, the clinical characteristics of the early group tended to be atypical, and the incidence of vaginal bleeding, excessive uterine size, theca lutein cysts (>6 cm) and pregnancy complications decreased significantly (all
8. Qualitative pathological assessment of liver fibrosis regression after antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Yameng SUN ; Jialing ZHOU ; Lin WANG ; Xiaoning WU ; Yongpeng CHEN ; Hongxin PIAO ; Lungen LU ; Wei JIANG ; Youqing XU ; Bo FENG ; Yuemin NAN ; Wen XIE ; Guofeng CHEN ; Huanwei ZHENG ; Hai LI ; Huiguo DING ; Hui LIU ; Fudong LYU ; Chen SHAO ; Tailing WANG ; Xiaojuan OU ; Binqiong WANG ; Shuyan CHEN ; Hong YOU ; Jidong JIA
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2017;25(11):819-826
Objective:
To investigate the methods for qualitative pathological assessment of dynamic changes in liver fibrosis/cirrhosis after antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), since antiviral therapy can partially reverse liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B and semi-quantitative, rather than qualitative, pathological assessment is often used for the research on liver fibrosis regression.
Methods:
Previously untreated CHB patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were enrolled, and liver biopsy was performed before treatment and at 78 weeks after the antiviral therapy based on entecavir. The follow-up assessment was performed once every half a year. Based on the proportion of different types of fibrous septum, we put forward the new qualitative criteria called P-I-R classification (predominantly progressive, predominantly regressive, and indeterminate) for evaluating dynamic changes in liver fibrosis. This classification or Ishak fibrosis stage was used to evaluate the change in liver fibrosis after treatment and Ishak liver inflammation score was used to evaluate the change in liver inflammation after treatment.
Results:
A total of 112 CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy before and after treatment were enrolled, and among these patients, 71 with an Ishak stage of ≥3 and qualified results of live biopsy were included in the final analysis. Based on the P-I-R classification, 58% (41/71) were classified as predominantly progressive, 29% (21/71) were classified as indeterminate, and 13% (9/71) were classified as predominantly regressive; there were no significant differences between the three groups in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, HBeAg positive rate, HBV DNA, and liver stiffness (