AIM:To establish an effective and convenient method for applying HPLC fingerprints to quality control in the production of Shanzhuang Jiangzhi Tablet(Semen cassiae,Fructus crataegi,and Folium nelumbinis).METHODS:Diamonsil~(TM) C_(18)(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)analytical column was used and eluted with a gradient program consisted of phase B(methanol)and phase D(1 % phosphoric acid)and detected at 254 nm;the column temperature was 30℃.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.RESULTS:Ten batches of sample tablets were tested and gained HPLC fingerprint of the tablet containing 17 common peaks.CONCLUSION:This validated method is available for quality evaluation and quality control in Shanzhuang Jiangzhi Tablet.

AIM:To establish an effective and convenient method for applying HPLC fingerprints to quality control in the production of Shanzhuang Jiangzhi Tablet(Semen cassiae,Fructus crataegi,and Folium nelumbinis).METHODS:DiamonsilTM C18(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) analytical column was used and eluted with a gradient program consisted of phase B(methanol) and phase D(1% phosphoric acid) and detected at 254 nm;the column temperature was 30 ℃.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.RESULTS:Ten batches of sample tablets were tested and gained HPLC fingerprint of the tablet containing 17 common peaks.CONCLUSION:This validated method is available for quality evaluation and quality control in Shanzhuang Jiangzhi Tablet.

Objectives:This study aims to summarize the research progress of multiple-site physician practice to determine further research directions. Methods:Literature on Chinese multiple-site physician practice between 1949 and 2013 was obtained from CNKI, Wan fang database and CQVIP database, the annual volume distribution of se-lected documents was been described and the topics and content of literature cited at least once were summarized through literature content analysis. Results:The volume of literature increased rapidly from 2009, guided by related government policies. Content analysis is insufficient in the research areas of supporting policies, international experi-ences, relevant laws and empirical studies. Suggestions: Further research should focus on multiple-site physician practice policies themselves and supporting policy analysis, international comparisons of multiple-site physician prac-tice systems, studies into relevant laws and regulations and empirical studies based on quantitative methods.

OBJECTIVE To apply a low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization for the heat intolerant orthopedic instruments.METHODS A comparison of the sterilizing effects of the orthopedic(instruments) was made among the low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization,the ethylene oxide sterilization and the 2% glutaraldehyte(GTA).RESULTS Twelve hours were spent in the sterilization to the undurable(orthopedic) instruments when the ethylene oxide was used,and 10h were needed using the 2%GTA.but,55 min were enough using the low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma.CONCLUSIONS The low temperature(hydrogen) peroxide gas plasma sterilization is applicable to rapidly sterilizing the heat undurable orthopedic(instruments) characteristically with the high effects,quick speed and convenient.

OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of Xiaoaiping injection(Xap)combined with gefitinib(Gef)in nude mice bearing resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells H460 or H975. METHODS BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human NSLCL cells H460 or H1975 and the drug treatment did not start until the tumor volume reached 50-100 mm3. The tumor bearing mice were divided into four groups:control group,Xap group(5 g · kg-1,ip),Gef group (50 mg · kg-1,ig),and Xap plus Gef group. All the administration lasted for 21 d continuous. Tumor volumes were measured two or three times per week,and the body weight of animals was re-corded. At the end of the test,tumors were weighed after the sacrifice of mice. Tumor inhibition rate and relative tumor proliferation rate were calculated based on tumor weight and tumor volume. The related biomarkers and proteins in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the control group,no significant effect was observed on the growth of H460 and H1975 xenografts in groups of Xap or Gef alone in nude mice. However,the two-drug combination significantly suppressed tumor volume,with (1103 ± 340) versus (3020 ± 450) mm3 for H460 and(487 ± 153)versus(1269 ± 161)mm3 for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The combined Xap and Gef application also significantly reduced the tumor weight,with(1.20±0.52)versus(2.78± 0.93)g for H460 and(0.52 ± 0.32)versus(0.92 ± 0.42)g for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The relative tumor proliferation rate and inhibition rate in the combination group was 42.1%and 43.5%for H460(P<0.01),43.0%and 52.5% for H1975(P<0.01). Compared with Xap and Gef drug alone,their combination showed significant difference in reducing tumor weight,suppressing tumor proliferation rate and increasing tumor inhibition rate(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that each drug alone had no effect on tumor angiogenesis markers of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and CD105 expression,or on drug resistance related proteins of p-ERK,p-Akt and p-mTOR,whereas the combination of Xap and Gef obviously reduced the expression of these biomarkers in H460 and H1975 tumor tissues. The decreased drug resistance related proteins of p-PI3K and its downstream molecules p-Akt,p-ERK and p-mTOR by the two-drug combination were also confirmed by Western blot results(P<0.01,compared with control), and showed significant difference compared with each single treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The addition of Xap significantly improves the antitumor activity of Gef in H460 and H1975 xenografts,and this synergistic effect may be ascribed to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis,the down-regulation of PI3K and its downstream signaling molecules which are associated with drug resistance.

Objective:This study aims to explore recent developments in DEA-based hospital efficiency studies in China, so as to provide reference for further research in DEA-based hospital efficiency. Methods:In this study, a 30-year retrospective systematic review is conducted for the classification of 85 hospital efficiency studies that have been published in China with DEA. The characteristics are summarized and compared with those of international liter-ature according to the selection of input and output indicators to evaluate the normalization of studies in China. Re-sults:The classification reveals several problems existing in DEA-based hospital efficiency studies in China, such as too few studies on hospital allocation efficiency, the application of simple classical models, imprecise selection of in-put-output indicators, inappropriate application of monetary variables as output indicators, etc. Conclusions and sug-gestions:The normalization and rationality of DEA methods applied in China’s hospital efficiency research need to be improved, so as to shorten the gap between China and the international world. Chinese researchers should pay more attention to studying the latest international research findings, so as to scientifically select input and output indicators. In depth analysis of methods and application conditions should be conducted so as to improve the normalization and science of China’s hospital efficiency research.

Objective To understand the current status of research on lung cancer immunotherapy to provide a reference for further investigation and future topic selection in this field. Methods CiteSpace visualization analysis software was used to analyze 400 Chinese studies in CNKI and 5 001 English studies in the Web of Science database from 2005 to 2021, with "lung cancer" and "immunotherapy" as keywords. Keyword co-occurrence analysis was performed on 17 English studies of "Lung Cancer" "Immunotherapy" and "Single cell sequencing" in the Web of Science database. Results "Non-small cell lung cancer" "immunosuppressants" "PD-L1" "dendritic cells" and "cytokine-induced killer cells" are current research hotspots in lung cancer immunotherapy. Monoclonal antibody drugs including nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab are hotspot drugs. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as well as PD-L1 expression have become the focus of continuous research. The majority of studies on lung cancer immunotherapy are conducted in the United States, followed by China. Conclusion Lung cancer immunotherapy has gradually become a research hot spot in China. In the future, in-depth research is needed to provide cutting-edge directions for lung cancer immunotherapy.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of drug ion implantation on viral or bacterial keratitis.Methods:A total of 200 patients with viral keratitis and another 200 patients with bacterial keratitis who were admitted to our hospital for ophthalmic treatment from April 2018 to April 2019 were selected as research subjects, through double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled method patients were divided into two groups, namely the control group given routine treatment, and drug treatment group cases were treated on the basis of the routine treatment with drug iontophoresis technology. The effective rate, visual acuity, length of stay, complication rate, half-year recurrence rate and nursing satisfaction were observed.Results:The treatment effective rate of the experimental group was 100%, the effective rate of vision treatment was 100%, and the nursing satisfaction rate was 93%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, ( χ2=4.082, P=0.043; χ2=4.082, P=0.043; χ2=59.282, P<0.001). The duration of hospitalization of the patients in the experimental group (8.93±1.69)d, the cost of hospitalization (5627.12±482.34) yuan, the recurrence rate of half a year was 2%, and the incidence of complications was 4%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=6.522, P=0.000; t=10.985, P<0.001; χ2=5.674, P=0.017; χ2=10.010, P=0.002). Conclusions:Drug ion implantation technology wasbetter than conventional drug treatment in the treatment of viral and bacterial keratitis, and the treatment operation is more convenient, did not produce adverse reactions, is worth promoting in ophthalmic treatment as an optional treatment method .

?? [Abstract]? Objective? To explore the effects of perioperative humanistic care on medium and advanced gynecologic malignant tumor patients. Methods? From January 2015 to December 2016, we selected 102 medium and advanced gynecologic malignant tumor patients at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Capital Medical University. Humanistic care was carried out during the perioperative period. We observed postoperative recovery, psychological state and the incidence of complications among patients. Results? Patients were all with successful operations, stable psychological state and no complications, and they discharged from hospitals steadily. Conclusions? Perioperative humanistic care has important clinical significance in improving psychological state among medium and advanced gynecologic malignant tumor patients and promoting patients' recovery.

Objective:To investigate humoral and antigen-specific T cell immune responses induced by oral administration of WGP-OVA in C57BL/6 mice.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with PBS,WGP and WGP-OVA for 17 days,respec-tively.The serum immunoglobulin levels including IgG1,IgG2a,IgG3 and IgM of mice were detected using LEGENDplexTM Multi-An-alyte Flow Assay Kit.HE staining was used to compare the size of lymphoid nodules in spleens.FACS was used to analyze the percent-age of F4/80+macrophages and F4/80+SIINFEKL+macrophages in inguinal lymph nodes(ILNs).In addition,the T cell-mediated im-munity stimulated by the WGP-OVA oral vaccine was analyzed by ILNs-infiltrating antigen-specific CD8+T cell using MHC Tetramer assay.Results:Oral administration of WGP-OVA significantly increased the contents of IgG1,IgG2a,IgG3 and IgM in the serum,and enlarged the lymphoid nodules in spleens,compared to those orally administered with PBS.Oral administration of WGP-OVA pro-moted the ILNs-infiltration of F4/80+macrophages,and enhanced the antigen-presentation of OVA in macrophages in ILNs.Moreover,the expansion of OVA specific CD8+CTLs in ILNs was also stimulated by WGP-OVA.Conclusion:WGP-OVA involved in both the humoral and antigen-specific T cell immune responses in C57BL/6 mice.