Objective: To explore the prevalence and associated distress of lower urinary tract symptoms among female college students in Xuzhou. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 1 000 female college students in Xuzhou China. Chinese versions of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire LUTS and General Information Questionnaire was used. Results: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms was 95.7%. The top ten prevalence rates were urgency (88.2%), hesitancy (65.4%), nocturia (48.5%), intermittent stream (47.3%), straining (30.5%), increased daytime frequency (30.1%), bladder pain (21.0%), SUI (18.5%), UUI (13.9%), nocturnal enuresis (7.5%). Urinary urgency was the most disturbing symptom (49.0%). Risk factors of urinary urgency included rural household registration (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.10-2.55, P=0.017) and premature urination (OR=1.65, 95%CI:1.23-2.21, P=0.00). Conclusion Female college students have a high prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms but with moderate severity and distress. Toileting behaviors affect bladder health, which require early intervention.

Objective To study the association of the CAG repeat length polymorphism in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in men.Methods We used cluster sampling method to select 910 middle-and old-aged male subjects from the communities in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities,Ningxia.Their body height,weight and blood pressure were measured;their testosterone (TT),serum lipids,fasting glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) were assayed;and their body mass index (BMI) and free testosterone (FT) were calculated.Length of CAG repeats in exon 1 of the AR gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing method.The subjects were divided into MS group (n =304) and normal control group (n=606) according to the diagnosis standards of MS.Results No obvious difference in the frequency distribution of CAG repeats in the AR gene was found between MS group and normal control group.The systolic blood pressure in the mcn with CAG repeat number of less than 22 was significantly higher than that in those with CAG repeat number of 22 or more,but HDL-C was significantly lower than men with CAG repeat number of 22 or more.However,the two groups did not significantly differ in diastolic blood pressure,other blood lipids level,FBG,FINS,BMI,TT or FT.The men with CAG repeat number of less than 22 had a higher prevalence of hypertension than those with CAG repeat number of 22 or more,but the prevalence of MS and other components of MS in the two groups had no significant difference,Conclusion The length of CAG repeats in exon 1 of the AR gene is related to the occurrence of hypertension and the dccreased level of HDL-C,but not to the incidence of MS.The number (less than 22) of CAG repeats of the AR gene may be a genetic factor of the occurrence of hypertension and reduced level of HDL-C.

Objective To study the distribution of rs2234693 and rs9340799 of estrogen receptor (ER)gene and the relationship between them and lipid metabolism in the Ningxia Hui group,China.Methods We used cluster sampling method to select 5 3 3 cases of Ningxia Yinchuan communities of Hui. SNP genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform.Results ① The frequencies of the distribution of each genotype of rs2234693 in Ningxia Hui population were the same as those in Chinese Han and Dai,Americans, Europeans,and Japanese (P>0.05).The distribution of each genotype of rs9340799,especially AA genotype,was different from that in Europeans (P<0 .0 5 ).② The body mass index in dyslipidemia group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.01).③ The risk of dyslipidemia in subjects with GG genotype of rs9340799 was 2.97 times higher than that in subjects with other genotypes (OR=2.97,P<2.97 ).After adjustment of gender,age,and body mass index (BMI),estrogen level was also 2.76 times higher (OR=2.76,P<0.05).(4)The frequency of C-G in rs2234693-rs9340799 haplotype was greater than that in the control group,but without any significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusion ER genes distribution in the Hui nationality of Ningxia is significantly different from that in other races;rs2234693 has no obvious relationship with the occurrence of dyslipidemia while GG genotype in SNP rs9340799 significantly increases the risk of lipid metabolism disorders.

Objective:To observe the changes of lactate clearance rate (LCR) and serum polyligandosan-1 (SDC-1) in patients with septic shock complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to evaluate its prognostic value.Methods:Patients with septic shock and ARDS who were admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) of Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from February 2021 to April 2022 were selected as subjects. The patients were divided into the survival group and death group according to their 28-day survival status. General clinical data and related indicators of patients in the two groups were collected and compared. The related factors influencing the 28-day death of patients with septic shock and ARDS were screened, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the individual and combined forecast value of LCR and SDC-1 for the prognosis of patients with septic shock and ARDS.Results:Compared with the survival group, sequential organ failure score (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health status score Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) at admission to RICU, the levels of 24 h Lac, 6 h SDC-1, 24 h SDC-1 and 72 h SDC-1 in the death group increased significantly (all P< 0.05), and the levels of 6 h LCR, 24 h LCR, 6 h OI, 24 h OI and 72 h OI significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that SDC-1 at 6 h, 24 h and 72 h was significantly negatively correlated with OI at corresponding time points (all P<0.05), and LCR at 6 h and 24 h was significantly positively correlated with OI at corresponding time points (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that SOFA score, 24 h LCR, 24 h SDC-1 and 72 h SDC-1 were the risk factors of 28-d death in patients with septic shock and ARDS (all P<0.05). The areas under ROC curve of each related factor were SOFA score, 24 h LCR, 24 h SDC-1 and 72 h SDC-1, which could predict the prognosis (all P<0.05). 24 h LCR combined with 24 h SDC-1 had the maximum area under the curve (AUC=0.805, 95% CI: 0.691-0.920, with a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 74.4%). Conclusions:24 h LCR, 24 h SDC-1 and 72 h SDC-1 are the risk factors of the 28-day death of patients with septic shock and ARDS. 24 h LCR combined with 24 h SDC-1 can improve the test efficiency compared with the single indicator.

OBJECTIVETo establish the quality standard for carbonizing drug characteristic of ginger carbon.

METHODGingers and different carbonized gingers were compared by the absorption of pigment, tannin content, pH, mouth's coagulation time and bleeding time.

RESULTThe study resulted in the recommended carbonizing standard that the absorption capacity shall not be less than 7.50 mg x g(-1) for methylene blue, the tannin content shall not be less than 2.103 mg x g(-1), the pH shall be (5.50 +/- 0.10), and coagulation time and bleeding time shall be the shorter the better.

CONCLUSIONThe established assessment standard for carbonizing drug characteristic of ginger carbon is reasonable, easily operated and feasible.

Absorption ; Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Carbon ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Ginger ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mice ; Quality Control ; Tannins ; analysis

Objective To explore the effect of multimodal analgesia combined with preemptive analgesia on perioperative pain control and sleep quality in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric factures were selected as treatment group,and 100 patients were selected as control group.The treatment group was treated with multimodal analgesia and preemptive analgesia,while the control group was treated with the conventional analgesia.The VAS score and the amount of tramadol at preoperative 4 8 h,2 4 h and 2 4 h,3 d,1 week,2 weeks after operation were compared between the two groups.The sleep quality of patients during hospitalization was evaluated by the PSQI score.The length of first time move for exercise and postoperative hospital stay were compared between two groups,and the postoperative Harris hip score at 2 weeks,3 months after treatment and adverse reactions were compared.Results The treatment group had a lower VAS score at preoperative 48 h,24 h and 24 h,3 d,1 week,2 weeks after operation when compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05).Tramadol dose in the control group was significantly higher than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05),the PSQI score was significantly higher than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05),the length of postoperative move for exercise was significantly longer than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).Harris hip score at 2 weeks after operation in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05),while 3 months after operation,the Harris hip score was similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The total incidence rate of adverse reactions were similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Application of multimodal analgesia combined with preemptive analgesia is effective and safe in treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture,it can improve the sleep quality,promote the hip joint function recovery of patients in early stage.

Objective To explore the effect of sufentanil on preventing early pain afteRanesthesia surgery.Methods A total of 295 patients with colon canceRsurgery were randomly divided into sufentanil group and control group.The MAP,HR,SPO2 and restless score at different time points were compared between two groups.The pain score,sedation score and VAS score were compared between the two groups.The complications were compared.Results The MAP and HRat T1 in the sufentanil group were significantly higheRthan those in the control group (P<0.05).The first time pain score in the sufentanil group was significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).The VAS scores of sufentanil group at T1,T2,T3 were significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications in sufentanil group was significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Sufentanil is effective in preventing early pain afteRsurgery.

Objective To explore the effect of multimodal analgesia combined with preemptive analgesia on perioperative pain control and sleep quality in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric factures were selected as treatment group,and 100 patients were selected as control group.The treatment group was treated with multimodal analgesia and preemptive analgesia,while the control group was treated with the conventional analgesia.The VAS score and the amount of tramadol at preoperative 4 8 h,2 4 h and 2 4 h,3 d,1 week,2 weeks after operation were compared between the two groups.The sleep quality of patients during hospitalization was evaluated by the PSQI score.The length of first time move for exercise and postoperative hospital stay were compared between two groups,and the postoperative Harris hip score at 2 weeks,3 months after treatment and adverse reactions were compared.Results The treatment group had a lower VAS score at preoperative 48 h,24 h and 24 h,3 d,1 week,2 weeks after operation when compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05).Tramadol dose in the control group was significantly higher than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05),the PSQI score was significantly higher than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05),the length of postoperative move for exercise was significantly longer than the treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).Harris hip score at 2 weeks after operation in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05),while 3 months after operation,the Harris hip score was similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The total incidence rate of adverse reactions were similar between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Application of multimodal analgesia combined with preemptive analgesia is effective and safe in treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture,it can improve the sleep quality,promote the hip joint function recovery of patients in early stage.

Objective To explore the effect of sufentanil on preventing early pain afteRanesthesia surgery.Methods A total of 295 patients with colon canceRsurgery were randomly divided into sufentanil group and control group.The MAP,HR,SPO2 and restless score at different time points were compared between two groups.The pain score,sedation score and VAS score were compared between the two groups.The complications were compared.Results The MAP and HRat T1 in the sufentanil group were significantly higheRthan those in the control group (P<0.05).The first time pain score in the sufentanil group was significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).The VAS scores of sufentanil group at T1,T2,T3 were significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications in sufentanil group was significantly loweRthan the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Sufentanil is effective in preventing early pain afteRsurgery.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of environmental enrichment(EE)on radiation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.Methods A total of 45 female Kunming mice(2-month old)were randomly divided into control group,irradiation group and irradiation plus EE group with 15 in each group.Irradiation group and irradiation plus EE group were treated with a single dose of 4 Gy whole body irradiation,irradiation plus EE group were housed in EE condition for 35 d after irradiation.The object recognition task was used to evaluate the cognitive function of mice.The expression of microglial marker IBA-1 in hippocampus was determined by immunohistochemical staining.The expressions of CD68 and synaptophysin(SYP)proteins in hippocampus were assayed by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,the irradiation group had a low discrimination ratio in object recognition task and had a remarkable low level of SYP expression in hippocampus(t＝3.66,6.84,P＜0.05).In addition,radiation activated microglia in hippocampus by increasing the number of IBA-1-positive cells and enhancing the expression of CD 68(t ＝6.83,5.79,P ＜0.05).Compared with irradiation group,irradiation plus EE group increased the discrimination ratio and the expression of SYP in hippocampus(t＝3.56,4.06,P＜0.05),while the number of IBA-1-positive cells and the expression of CD68 were significantly reduced(t＝7.69,4.59,P＜0.05).Conclusions A single dose of 4 Gy whole body irradiation leads to cognitive dysfunction in mice,while EE could effectively improve the animals′cognitive behavior possibly by inhibiting microglial activation and preventing synapse loss in hippocampus.