Objective To construct a new intubation method with an otoscope and establish a murine model of Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia with this method.Methods Part I:The Hallowell Intubation Pack for mice (Braintree Scientific Inc., USA)was used to construct a new intubation method with an otoscope.Part II:Twenty-four female ICR mice were randomized into 3 groups including control (group 1),immunosuppression (group 2)and infection after immunosuppression groups (group 3),with 8 mice in each group.The mice were treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX)by peritoneal injection to posterior orbital venous plexus.The total number of white blood cells,the number of neutrophils and the percentage of neutrophils were determined.Four mice were sacrificed at 0 h and 48 h after inoculation in each group.Then the lungs from each mouse were aseptically collected for quantitative culture and histopathology.Results Part I:Ten mice were successfully intubated using the new method and none of the mice was dead.Pulmonary bacterial culture at baseline (0 h)was (2.91×107-5.32×107 )CFU/g tissue,while the mean± standard deviation was (4.05 × 107 ± 0.82 × 107 )CFU/g tissue.The results showed that this new method had a perfect repeatability.Part II:Over 48 h,2 mice were dead in group 3,while no mouse was dead in other 2 groups.For group 3,the average pulmonary bacterial culture was 4.13×107 CFU/g tissue at 0 h and reached 3.62×1010 CFU/g tissue at 48 h (increased appropriate 1 000 times,P <0.01).The histopathologic changes in lung showed local granulomas and abscess in the alveolar space.Conclusions Intubation under the guidance of otoscope had the advantages of high repeatability and easy to operate.Additionally,the method provided stable and consistent bacterial inocula into lungs.The murine model of Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia was successfully established with a new intubation method under the guidance of otoscope.

In the present paper, the safety of several major plant growth regulators to environment, agricultural products and animals was discussed synthetically. Paclobutrazol is stable in physical and chemical properties with slow degradation, and is able to secondly control the plant growth obviously, but it is degradable and becomes mutagenic substance, it can be enriched in the soil and is able to bio-magnify. Uniconazole is quick degradable with less residue. Ethephon is potentially mutagenic to the animals, it is degradable and can produce residues which will be harmfulto animal body. Moreover, their residual quantity differs with different organs in a plant and their residue in the leafage of several plants is in a high level.

Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane anesthesia during early pregnancy on the cognitive function of offspring rats.Methods Thirty SD rats at 5-7 day gestation were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =10 each):control group (group C) and 2 isoflurane groups (groups Ⅰ1,Ⅰ2).Groups Ⅰ1 and Ⅰ2 inhaled 1.4％ isoflurane in O2 for 4 and 8 h respectively while group C inhaled 95 ％ O2 for 8 h.At 20 and 30 days after birth,offspring rats from 5 pregnant rats were tested for learning and memory abilities using Morris water maze.The offsprings were sacrificed at 7 days after test and their hippocampi were isolated for determination of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) mRNA and protein expression.Results There were no significant differences in the results of Morris water maze test and NR2B mRNA and protein expression among the three groups.Conclusion Isoflurane anesthesia during early pregnancy has no effect on the cognitive function of the offspring rats.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Salidroside on the proliferation, DNA synthesis, intracellular Ca 2+ content of rabbit PASMC (pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells) under hypoxia. METHODS: Techniques of cell culture, MTT test, -TdR incorporation, fluo-3 and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used. RESULTS: The A value of MTT and -TdR incorporation of PASMC increased significantly by 62% (P

The article involved in the morphology and the growth of Monascus on surface fermentation The colony area of former period, and phenetic volume the distribution of growth on the basis of color of latter period reflect the mycelia activity The kinetics model of morphological varies was established, which agree with the normal kinetics model

Objective To investigate the effect of inhalation of enflurane on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) in the hippocampus of the offsprings of rats.Methods Thirty SD rats pregnancy 8-10 day weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =10 each):control group (Group C),4 h inhalation of enflurane group ( group E1 ) and 8 h inhalation of enflurane group ( group E2 ).Group E1 and E2inhaled 1.7 ％ enflurane (in O2 2 L/min) for 4 and 8 h respectively,while group C inhaled oxygen 2 L/rin for 8 h.The learning and memory functions of the offsprings were assessed at 20 and 30 days after birth by Morris maze test.The expression of the NR2B mRNA were examined by RT-PCR,NR2B protein were examined by mmunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the frequency of crossing the original platform was significantly decreased,the staying time at the original platform quadrant was significantly shortened at 3-5 days after the test in group E1 and E2 (.P ＜ 0.05 ),the expression levels of NR2B mRNA and protein were significantly decreased at 20 and 30 days after birth in group E1 and E2 ( P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the indexes mentioned above between groups E1 and F2 ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Inhalation enflurane in the early pregnancy can result in cognition dysfunction through inhibiting NR2B expression in the hippocampus of the offsprings of the rats.

Objective To detect the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and analyse the related clinical factors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods Patients with CKD in our department from March 1st to July 1st were enrolled continuously.The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH) were detected by electrochemiluminescence and immunochemiluminescent respectively.Serum calcium,phosphorus and albumin were measured by automatic biochemical instrument.Results 127 patients were selected and the average age was (60.9?15.3).The mean level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was (12.06?6.41)?g/L.82.6% patients had vitamin D deficiency and 96.9% patients had vitamin D insufficiency.The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin had no statistics difference D3 between stage 1,2 and 3 CKD patients but was much hihger than that of stage 4 and non-haemodialysis stage 5 patients.The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was not related to serum calcium,phosphorus and iPTH,while positively related to albumin and eGFR and negatively related to serum creatinine and total cholesterol.Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are frequent in CKD patients and deteriorate with the progress of kidney function impairment.The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is not related to the traditional CKD-MBD index such as serum calcium,phosphorus and iPTH.

Objective To judge the effect of plasma exchange (PE) to the patients with severe hepatopath of nonage according to evaluating the change of the liver function of reserve with 13C-methacetin breath test. Methods There are two groups: the case group and the control group. Each group has 30 patients. The patients in the case group were treated by PE. All the patients received 13C-methacetin breath test at before or one week after treatment. MVmax40, CUM40 and CUM120 were present. At the same time, clinical symptoms, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBiL) and prethrombin active (PTA) were observed. Results MVmax40, CUM40, CUM120 and PTA were higher, ALT and TBiL were lower in the case group after treatment (t=4.679, 4.752, 5.048, 5.413, 6.208, 7.413, P=0.000,P<0.01). After a week, MVmax40, CUM40, CUM120 and PTA were higher, ALT and TBiL were lower in the case group than that in the control group (t=2.260, 2.247, 2.476, 4.017, 3.250, 3.658, P<0.05). The total effective rates in the case group and the control group were 83.3 % (25/30) and 43.3 % (13/30),which are significant different(χ2 10.335,P<0.01). Conclusion PE can im-prove the liver reservation functionin the severe hepatopath of nonage.

Objective To explore whether the change of S phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) expression could regulate mesangial cell proliferation. Methods Skp2 siRNA and control siRNA, pIRES-GFP-Skp2 plasmid and pIRES-GFP plasmid were designed and synthesized. Cell transfection was performed by Lipofectamine 2000. Skp2 mRNA and protein levels were detected by semiquantitative PCR and Western blotting respectively. Primary culture rat mesangial cells were divided into 6 groups: 0%FCS, 20%FCS, 10%FCS+pIRES-GFP plasmid, 10%FCS+pIRES-GFP-Skp2 plasmid, 20%FCS+control siRNA, 20%FCS+Skp2 siRNA. Cell number was detected by MTT. S phase entry was measured by BrdU labeling. Cell cycle profile was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Results Skp2 mRNA level was significantly down-regulated by Skp2 siRNA compared to control siRNA. Skp2 protein level increased after pIRES-GFP-Skp2plasmid transfection compared to pIRES-GFP plasmid. MTT, BrdU labeling and cell cycle profile demonstrated that cell number (A: 0.419±0.088 vs 0.305±0.036, P＜0.01) and S-phase cells (BrdU labeling positive cell: 0.21±0.04 vs 0.15±0.03, P＜0.01;S-phase cell number:20.18±0.64vs 14.33±0.37, P＜0.01) obviously increased after Skp2 plasmid transfection, while decreased after Skp2 siRNA transfection compared to control groups (A: 0.328±0.069 vs 0.482±0.133, P＜0.01;BrdU labeling positive cell: 0.17±0.01 vs 0.24±0.00, P＜0.01; S-phase cell number: 16.52±0.75vs 23.81 ±1.25, P＜0.01). Conclusion Over-expression of Skp2 stimulates mesangial cell proliferation while down-regulated expression of Skp2 inhibits mesangial cell proliferation.