Objective To observe the feasibility and value of ultrasound in diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infant. Methods A total of 84 hips of 42 infants aged 6 to 36 months who were suspected of DDH were included in this study. All patients were examined by ultrasonography with the Graf's method, and were scaned by three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT). The results of ultrasounogrphy were compared with that of 3D CT, and the availability of ultrasound in diagnosing DDH in infant was evaluated. Results Twenty-eight normal hips, 12 dysplasia hips, 15 subdislocation hips and 29 dislocation hips were diagnosed in the 84 hips. The accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosis of DDH was 97.62%. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound scan is a valuable method in diagnosing the DDH in infants, and can be used as a routine diagnostic method.

Objective To explore the difference of normal breast artery feeding pattern between benign and malignant breast neoplasms with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).Methods CDFI were performed for 248 cases breast neoplasms confirmed by pathology.Spatial location were observed between normal breast arteries and breast neoplasms.The difference of breast artery feeding pattern was compared between benign and malignant breast neoplasms.Resnlts CDFI showed that penetrating vessels,branches of penetrating vessels,branches of direct vessels and central large vessels were characteristic breast cancer vascular distribution patterns,which were completely different from that of breast benign neoplasms.Conclusions The patterns of breast artery feeding breast cancer were different from that of breast benign neoplasms,that can identify both.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of asymmetric skin folds in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infant. Methods: The clinical data of 3 266 infants aged up to 6 months who were evaluated because of suspicious findings for DDH, hospitalized at Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2012 and April 2019 were reviewed retrospectively, including 1 185 boys and 2 081 girls, with a mean age of 2.8 months (ranging from 1 d to 6 months). The referred reasons included regular screening for DDH without suspicious findings [379 cases(11.6%)], clunk of the hip[59 cases(1.8%)], limb-length discrepancy[188 cases (5.8%)], limitation of hip motion or asymmetrical range of motion[58 cases(1.8%)], asymmetric skin folds[2 107 cases(64.5%)], and combined conditions of musculoskeletal disorder[475 cases(14.5%)]. The Graf′s ultrasound method was used to define the hip conditions.A type Ⅰ or Ⅱa hip was graded as normal, and a type Ⅱb or more serious was graded as DDH.The percentages of DDH for various reasons were compared. Results: Among 3 266 patients (6 532 hips), a total of 194 infants(230 hips)were diagnosed as DDH, and the total diagnostic rate was 5.94%, including 31 males and 163 females; there were 109 cases involving in the left, 49 cases in the right, and 36 cases in the bilateral.The DDH diagnosed rate for regular screening was 8.71%(33/379 cases), 6.78%(4/59 cases) for clunk of the hip, 10.34%(6/58 cases) for limitation of hip motion, 14.36%(27/188 cases)for limb-length discrepancy, 4.79%(101/2 107 cases) for asymmetric skin folds, 4.84%(23/475 cases) for combined conditions of musculoskeletal disorder, and the DDH diagnosed rate for asymmetric skin folds was the lowest(χ²=37.14, P<0.05). Conclusions Although asymmetric skin folds is the most common reason for DDH screening in infant up to 6 months, its clinical significance is limited, asymmetric skin folds should not be considered as an independent indication for DDH screening.