BACKGROUND:The immature disc nucleus pulposus is composed of notochordal cels, but there is no notochordal cel in the mature human intervertebral disc, in which the notochordal cels are replaced by chondrocyte-like cels. It is very important to comprehend the disappearance of the notochordal cels; however, it is stil unknown at present. OBJECTIVE: To elaborate the feasibility of notochordal cels to maintain the proliferation and phenotype of chondrocyte-like cels and to induce the cartilage-like differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. METHODS: The first author used the computer to retrieve PubMed and Wanfang databases using the key words of “notochord cels; nucleus pulposus cels; identify” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totaly 9 896 relevant articles published from January 1999 to August 2015 were retrieved. Repetitive studies were excluded, and finaly 36 articles were in accordance with the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Now, the main functions of notochordal cels are to promote synthesis of extracelular matrix in the nucleus pulposus, induce directional differentiation of mesenchymal cels into nucleus pulposus cels or act as “seed cels” to form the nucleus pulposus cels. The presence and disappearance of notochordal cels is related to intervertebral disc degeneration. Cel apoptosis is involved in static compressionviadeath receptor signals, and then leads to intervertebral disc degeneration. fas ligand can mediate the reduction of notochordal cels, and hypoxia-inducible factor can induce spinal cord injury thereby triggering cel death and complete disappearance of nucleus pulposus. The measurement and verification of immune makers of notochordal cels, CK-8, CK-18 and galectin-3, can benefit to the identification and isolation of notochordal cels, and thereby help the studies on cel growth and differentiation, function and its mechanism of apoptosis.

Background and purpose:About 80%patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor are oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC is one of the most common cancers in the world with less than 50%survival rate over 5 years. This experiment aimed to explore the effect of stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) on apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cell. Methods:RNA interference (RNAi) vector pLKO.1-shSTC2 was constructed and transfected into KB cells. Cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were then assessed by CCK8, APC Annexin V/7-AAD and lfow cytometry. Differences of migration and invasion between KB scr and KB STC2i were examined by cell scratch and transwell tests. Finally, this study detected the apoptosis-associated proteins and metastasis-associated proteins by Western blot. Results:STC2 down-regulation plasmid was constructed and transfected into KB cells. CCK8 prolifera-tion assay revealed that the STC2 down-regulation inhibited KB cells proliferation. By treating with cisplatin, this study found that STC2 silence could facilitate cell apoptosis signiifcantly. With the knock down of STC2 gene, the expressions of Bcl-2, Caveolin-1 andβ-catenin were decreased but the expression of bax was obviously increased. Conclusion:These data suggest that STC2 may be involved in the apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC KB cells. Simultaneously, it can signiifcantly weaken the sensitivity of KB cells to chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin.

Objective To observe the effects of irbesartan and amlodipine on insulin sensitivity in obese hypertensive patients. Methods 157 moderate hypertensive patients were divided into two greups,which received irbesartan or amlodipine for 16 weeks. The changes of blood pressure,heart rate and weight were observed. Insulin re-sistance was computed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results There was no difference in antihypertensive efficacy between the two groups(P>0.05). After 16 weeks of treatment ,the insulin resistance index decreased by 8.7±2.4 vs 6.1±2.6 (P<0.01) and body mass index decreased(28.1±3.8) kg/m2 vs (27.2± 3.2 ) kg/m2 (P<0.05 ) and mean heart rate raised by (73.1 ±10.0 ) kg/m2 vs ( 79.1±11.4) kg/m2 ( P < 0.01 ) in irbesartan group while no such changes were found in amlodipine treated group. Conclusions In obese hypertensive patients,irbsartan and amlodipine exert similar antihypertensive effect, but irbesartan may help to improve some obe-sity-related metabolize disorder,so the obese hypertensive patients may benefit more from irbsartan than from amlo-dipine.

Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is one of the most serious complications associated with thyroid cancer surgery. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) in preventing recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy during thyroid cancer surgery, analyze and elaborate the theory, operation standard, application, benefits and disadvantage based on clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the pathophysiological mechanism of proliferation and apoptosis in spermatogenic cell of idiopathic oligospermia. Methods Forty one patients with oligospermia were included in the trial.Testicular tissues,which were obtained with Tru Cut needle biopsy,were observed under light microscope.Expressions of p16 and PCNA,incidence of apoptosis in spermatogenic cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ 3′ DNA end labeling technique. Five testicular samples which were proved to be normal by examination served as controls. Results Proliferation index (21.6?13.1)% in testes of patients was lower than the normal controls (45.4?5.7)%, P

Objective To observe the effects of complex prescription with the effects of replenishing Qi, activating blood and resolving phlegm on the levels of LN and PC-Ⅲ in BALF and the changes of lung tissue and figure in rat with pulmonary fibrosis. Method The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by injecting pinyamycin, then the changes of the levels of LN and PC-Ⅲ in every group (TCM group, model group and control group) in 7, 28 days respectively were observed. Result There was obvious pulmonary fibrosis morphologic change. Lung quotient increased clearly, and the levels of LN and PC-Ⅲ in BALF increased obviously in 28 days (P

OBJECTIVE To establish a simple and stable animal model with abdominal infection due to drug-resistant bacteria.METHODS Forty healthy rabbit were infected by Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603,and divided into three test groups:A1(bacterial dose 8?109CFU/kg),A2(bacterial dose 16?109 CFU/kg) and A3(bacterial dose 24?109 CFU/kg).Normal control group B was established at the same time.Vital signs,white blood cell count(WBC),blood and abdominal irrigating solution cultures and strain identification were observed at 12,24,48,72 and 96h after infection.Patho-samples were obtained after being executed.RESULTS The body temperature,WBC,heart rate(HR) and respiratory rate(R) in group A3 were significantly higher than groups A1 and B,after rabbits having being infected 12-24 hours.And it continued for 96 hours(P

Objective Analysis of the teaching effect of the micro-classroom in the experimental teaching of diagnostics.Methods In the 50 classes of undergraduate clinical specialty of 2014 level of guangdong medical mniversity,2 classes were selected as the control group (n=67) by random number table method,2 classes were selected as the experience group (n=65).Theoretical knowledge and clinical skills were calculated.Recognition of two groups of students on two kinds of teaching methods.The data of two groups were compared using t-test and chi-square test.Results The results of the theoretical knowledge and clinical skills of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (P< 0.05).There was a significant difference between the two groups (P< 0.05),which was found to be able to deepen the understanding of theoretical knowledge,to improve the ability of clinical skills operation,to cultivate clinical thinking and to mobilize the enthusiasm of independent learning.Conclusions Micro classroom teaching can significantly improve the quality of experimental training of diagnoses.

Objective:To understand the related factors of tic disorders(TD) and early intervention among schoolchildren.Methods:Using stratified-cluster random sampling techniques,4,020 children were selected from 61,836 schoolchildren in Daxing district of Beijing.Totally 4,020 children and their parents were asked to fill in a self-designed questionnaire covering both motor and vocal tics and general information.A three-stage procedure was used:screening,interview and clinical investigation.A total of 3,813 children were investigated successfully.The children who were reported with tic symptoms as well as those who were reported by their teachers or classmates were surveyed according to the TD criteria in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ).Eighty-six TD children were investigated respectively about the related factors of TD,and 86 healthy children matched in age,sex and grade were selected as controls.Telephone interview was carried out to find the doubtful TD cases in family members.Those people identified as having tics underwent a semistructured interview to determine whether they had TD according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Related risk factors of TD were investigated according to self-designed formulary medical history sheet. Results:Positive TD inheritance family history(7.0%),abdominal delivery style(36.0%),carbonate drink(10.5%),obesity(14.0%) and psychological stress were risk factors of TD(P<0.05).The multivariate analysis of variance indicated that inheritance family history,delivery style,dwelling environment,carbonate drink,parent-child relation,hobby,underachieve,self-care ability were closely related to the high incidence of TD (P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of tic disorders may be related to multiple interacted factors.Early intervention is most important.