Objective To observe the effects of irbesartan and amlodipine on insulin sensitivity in obese hypertensive patients. Methods 157 moderate hypertensive patients were divided into two greups,which received irbesartan or amlodipine for 16 weeks. The changes of blood pressure,heart rate and weight were observed. Insulin re-sistance was computed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results There was no difference in antihypertensive efficacy between the two groups(P>0.05). After 16 weeks of treatment ,the insulin resistance index decreased by 8.7±2.4 vs 6.1±2.6 (P<0.01) and body mass index decreased(28.1±3.8) kg/m2 vs (27.2± 3.2 ) kg/m2 (P<0.05 ) and mean heart rate raised by (73.1 ±10.0 ) kg/m2 vs ( 79.1±11.4) kg/m2 ( P < 0.01 ) in irbesartan group while no such changes were found in amlodipine treated group. Conclusions In obese hypertensive patients,irbsartan and amlodipine exert similar antihypertensive effect, but irbesartan may help to improve some obe-sity-related metabolize disorder,so the obese hypertensive patients may benefit more from irbsartan than from amlo-dipine.

Objective To explore the exercise risk of urban residents aged18 to 65 years old.MethodsHealth screening and cardiovascular risk stratification were performed among adults18 to 65 years old in 2010by using exercise risk assessmentrecommendedbyAmerican College of Sports Medicine.Result A total of15 498 subjects were recruited 9293 males and 6205 females,mean age (44.8 ±11.1) years,8929(57.6％ ) in the lower risk group,5323(34.3％ ) in the moderate risk group,and 1246(8.1％ ) in the higher risk group.The proportion of those in the higher risk group was increased with age.Conclusion Risk assessment and Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaires should be used before physical activity programme is initiated,especially in middle aged or elderly people.

Objective To investigate the association of body mass index (BMI),sex and age with blood pressure in non-physical labor population from Beijing area.Methods 14 237 subjects (67.06% male) ranged from 18.0-93.0 years (mean (SD):49.8(10.2)) wero recruited in the health examination in Beijing hospital. Statistical analysis wag performed using SPSS 12.0 software.Results The average BMI wag 22.30 ks/m~2 (SD: 3.08).Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increaged with the increasing of BMI.The prevalence of hypertension in males <60.0 years wag considerably higher than that of female (24.28% and 13.77% for male and females, respectively, P=0.000).However,there were no significant statistical differences for the pmvalence between male and female older than 60.0 years (P=0.268).Multiple logistic regression showed that in males,using the group with BMI<18.0 kg/m~2 as reference group,in the groups of BMI 18.0-23.9,24.0-27.9,≥28.0 kg/m~2, OR wag 1.709 (95% CI:0.920-3.173),3.154(1.703-5.839),5.125 (95%CI:2.805-9.696),respeetively.In females.OR for hypertension in the groups of BMI 18.0-23.9,24.0-27.9,≥28.0 kg/m~2,OR was 1.988(95%CI:1.033-3.824),5.703(2.962-10.982),14.358(95%CI:7.334-28.106),respectively.Conclusions BMI is associated with hypertension.Prevention and eontrol of the risk factom of hypertension e.g.overweight and obesity is an important public health issue in China.

Objective To analyze the effect of Chinese diabetes risk score in health checkup of elderly population and to explore the risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly patients.Methods Chinese diabetes risk score(C-DRs)screening,glucose tolerance test(OGTT),blood biochemical parameters and history collection were performed in 1 181 elderly people participating the health checkup.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the accuracy of the screening method.The effect of different cumulative C-DRs on screening target population was reflected by the Gordon index.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze relevant risk factors for the glucose metabolic abnormalities.Results The AUC of screening for diabetes was 0.749(95%CI:0.715-0.782),and the best cut-point value was 32.5 points.The sensitivity was 86.50%,the specificity was 60.84%,and the Gordon index was 0.47(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for the pre-diabetes was 0.760(95%CI:0.733-0.787),and the best cut-point was 33.5 points.The sensitivity was 70.89%,the specificity was 68.72%,and the Gordon index was 0.40(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for MS was 0.797(95% CI:0.772-0.823),and the best cut-point value was 32.5 points.The sensitivity was 83.62%,the specificity was 64.90%,and the Gordon index was 0.49(P=0.000).The AUC of screening for insulin resistance was 0.609(95%CI:0.645-0.734),and the best cut-point value was 30.5 points.The sensitivity was 81.25%,the specificity was 44.81%,and the Gordon index was 0.26(P=0.000).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age over 80 years,abdominal obesity(waist circumference,male ≥ 90 cm,female ≥ 85 cm),hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia,family history of diabetes were risk factors for abnormality of glucose metabolism in the elderly.The odd ratio values of the above were 1.557,1.543,1.495,1.569,1.625,1.715(all P<0.05).Conclusions Chinese diabetes risk score may be used to screen for diabetes,metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in the elderly population.Old age,abdominal obesity,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia and family history of diabetes are independent risk factors for abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly population.

Objective To explore the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin and pulse wave velocity in non-diabetic elderly people.Methods Totally 163 subjects were included after exclusion of liver or kidney disfunction,diabetes mellitus or malignant tumor.They were divided into two groups:group A (HbA1c＜5.7％) (n＝54) and group B (HbA1c 5.7％-6.4％)(n＝109).The age,pulse wave velocity,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood chemistry and hypertension were compared between the two groups.Multi factor analyse was conducted to analyze the relative factors for pulse wave velocity.Results Systolic blood pressure was higher in group B than in group A (P ＜ 0.05).Multi-linear stepwise regression analyses suggested that age,hypertension,glycosylated hemoglobin were positively related to pulse wave velocity in non-diabetic elderly people (β values were 20.382,144.061,93.195,all P＜0.10).Conclusions Glycosylated hemoglobin is related to arterial stiffness in non-diabetic elderly people,it can be used as a predictive and control target of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in old people.

AIM To modify and improve a screening assay so that it becomes more convenient, economic and adaptable in China for high throughput screening of HIV fusion inhibitors targeting gp41. METHODS The original screening method reported by Jiang et al (J Virol. Methods 1999;80:85 96) was modified by: ① using a conformation specific monoclonal antibody to replace a polyclonal antibody for coating plates; ②simplifying the procedures; ③using parts of the reagents produced in China. RESULTS The modified screening assay is simpler, more convenient, and more economic than the original assay, but its sensitivity is comparable to and specificity is a little better than the original method. CONCLUSIONS The modified screening assay is more convenient and economic and can be used in China for high throughput screening of HIV fusion inhibitors from complex sample, such as phage display peptide libraries, microorganism fermentation liquids, herbs and other natural products.

Objective To explore dyslipidemia in the people in the part of enterprises in Beijing.Methods Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, etc., in blood were detected in the physical examination of 12908 subjects in enterprises in Beijing. Dyslipidemia was analysed for the distribution of gender and the trend of age.Results The findings showed that the occurrence of hypercholesteremia is 21.3% with 20.3% for male vs 23.0% for female; hypertriacylglycerolemia is 30.4% with 36.19% for male vs 20.49% for female; and low level of high-density lipoprotein is 6.5% with 9.4% for male vs 1.6% for female. The trend of dyslipidemia increased with age. The subjects with coronary artery disease and related high risk diseases, who need medicine care, occupied 80.6% of the subjects with dyslipidemia.Conclusion Dyslipidemia increases with age and so regular detection of lipid is necessary especially for the subjects with coronary artery disease and related high risk diseases.

Objective To evaluate the application value of dual-source CT coronary angiography in low tube voltage setting and the influence of heart rate on image quality and radiation doses.Methods 323 patients suspected of coronary artery disease received retrospective ECG-gating coronary angiography with dual-source CT scanner,who were divided into low tube voltage group (100 kVp,n =201) and conventional voltage group (120 kVp,E group,n =122).No beta-blockers were taken before CT scan.All patients in low tube voltage group were divided into four groups according to the heart rate (HR):group A,HR≤59 beats per minute (bpm),n =50; group B,60≤HR ＜69 bpm,n =64; group C,70≤HR ＜91bpm,n =62;group D,HR ≥ 91 bpm,n =25.All images were transferred to a workstation for further processing.The best R-R interval reconstruction images of all groups were evaluated.The value of pitch,CT volume dosage index(CTDIvol),dose length product(DLP) and effective dose(E)were recorded.The pitch,the score of imaging quality of coronary artery segments and the radiation dose were compared with One-Way ANOVA.The influence of heart rate on image quality and radiation doses of coronary artery was analyzed.Results The value of pitch in groups A-D was 0.24 ± 0.03,0.29 ± 0.04,0.33 ± 0.05,0.38 ± 0.06,respectively,with statistical difference (F =62.57,P ＜ 0.05).The value of CTDIvol in groups A-E was (21.59±7.97),(20.24±6.03),(18.23±7.55),(18.14 ±5.75),(38.62±16.21)mGy,respectively,with statistical difference (F =85.16,P ＜ 0.05).The value of E in group A-E was (5.31 ±2.18),(4.85 ±1.70),(4.49 ± 1.86),(4.37 ±1.50),(8.75 ± 4.07) mSv,respectively,with statistical difference(F =44.83,P ＜ 0.05).The image score was (4.65 ±0.46),(4.55 ± 0.53),(4.55 ±0.53),(4.47 ±0.72),(4.66 ± 0.44) (F =1.89,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions No beta-blockers was taken before CT scan,and a high quality image could be acquired by using dual-source CT coronary angiography in low tube voltage setting(100 kVp).When the auto ECG-gating is selected,medium and low HR have little influences on radiation dose,while the radiation dose could be decreased significantly at higher HR,but the possibility to obtain the high quality image decreased.

Objective To choose a reasonable non-drug treatment program for women with postpartum breast pain. Methods Based on an adequate assessment of the patients′ condition, the clinical questions were proposed and the references were searched in a series of databases, such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu, CBM. Results A preliminary search of 484 articles on cabbage therapy for postpartum breast pain was carried. Through rigorous preliminary screening and screening, 11 articles were finally included, including 2 systematic reviews, 2 randomized controlled trials and 7 quasi-experiment. Through the analysis of the inclusion literature, the data was extracted, and the evidence and summary evidence were strictly evaluated.According to the results of evidence, based on the patients′ condition and the wishes of the family, the cold and hot cabbage leaves were alternately applied to the breast of 10 postpartum women with breast engorgement, the breast distended pain were improved. Conclusions The method of evidence-based nursing can provide safe and effective treatment for postpartum women with breast engorgement.

Objective To analyze the application of multi‐slice spiral CT and 3D airway reconstruction technique on obstruc‐tive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) of pharyngeal soft tissue and upper airway stenosis .Methods Selected 92 patients with OSAS in our hospital as the observation group and another 92 healthy persons were selected as control group ,all patients achieved multi‐slice CT and 3D airway reconstruction technical inspections ,counted and compared their pharyngeal soft tissue and upper airway stenosis .Results Airway stenosis of tongue back ,and hypopharynx retro‐palatal of control group were more narrow compared with the control group(P<0 .05);the observation group′s pharyngeal soft tissue was more thick than the control group ,so as the length and width(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Multi‐slice spiral CT and 3D airway reconstruction technique can effectively share pharyngeal soft tissue and upper airway stenosis of patients with OSAS .