Objective: To investigate the association between physical activity and the risk of mortality, so as to provide the basis for guiding the elderly to maintain appropriate levels of physical activity. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was adopted. Basic information, weekly physical activity items and duration of the elderly aged 50-71 years old was collected from the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study database. With all-cause mortality risk as the main outcome indicator, controlling for demographic, dietary and disease factors, the association between the duration, metabolic equivalent and intensity of physical activity and all-cause mortality risk was analyzed using restricted cubic spline and multivariable Cox proportional risk regression model. Results: A total of 266 072 participants were included, with an mean age of (70.11±5.36) years old. There were 155 244 males (58.35%) and 110 828 females (41.65%), with a total of 36 006 deaths by December 31, 2011. The median duration of physical activity was 14.00 (interquartile range, 14.00) h/week and the median metabolic equivalents was 53.00 (interquartile range, 54.71) MET-h/week. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that the risk of all-cause mortality declined rapidly within the physical activity range of 0 to 15.0 h/week or 50.0 MET-h/week, but with the continuing increase in physical activity, the decline in the risk of all-cause mortality slowed down (all P<0.05). Multivariable Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that compared with participants with no physical activity, participants with the duration of 0.1-<15.0 h/week, 15.0-<29.5 h/week, ≥29.5 h/week (HR=0.502, 0.386 and 0.368), or the metabolic equivalent of 0.1-<50.0 MET-h/week, 50.0-<110.8 MET-h/week and ≥110.8 MET-h/week (HR=0.511, 0.379 and 0.354) were associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. The combination of mild (0.1-<5.0 h/week), moderate (≥5.0 h/week) and vigorous (≥1.3 h/week) activities had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.320). Conclusions Moderate physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of mortality, and it is recommended to do 15.0 h or 50.0 MET-h of physical activity per week in combination with different intensities.

Objective:To explore the key genes and pathways that may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acne by bioinformatics analysis.Methods:GSE6475 and GSE53795 datasets were collected from GEO database, and 18 acne lesions tissues and 18 normal skin tissues were compared. David database was used to analyze the gene ontology (GO) and the key pathway (Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG) of the differential genes, to establish the protein interaction network of the differential genes, and to obtain the most relevant key genes and important clusters.Results:A total of 314 up-regulated genes and 62 down-regulated genes were filtered from those GEO profiles. KEGG pathway analysis showed that these differential genes were mainly enriched in Staphylococcus aureus infection, osteoclast differentiation, pentose and glucuronate interconversions. In addition, 379 nodes and ten key genes (CXCL8, PTPRC, IL1B, ITGB2, CXCR4, ICAM1, CCR5, SELL, C3AR1 and PLEK) were screened out by protein interaction network.Conclusions:The key genes and pathways identified in this study may be new targets for intervention in the development of acne.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, surgery is deferred for months after completion, which may lead to fibrosis and increased surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to assess whether TNT (TNT-RAPIDO) is associated with increased difficulty of total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) and upfront surgery. Methods: Twelve laparoscopic videos of low anterior resection with TME for rectal cancer were prospectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021, with 4 videos in each arm. Seven colorectal surgeons assessed the videos independently, graded the difficulty of TME using a visual analog scale and attempted to identify which category the videos belonged to. Results: The median age was 67 years, and 10 patients were male. The median interval to surgery from radiotherapy was 13 weeks in the LCRT group and 24 weeks in the TNT-RAPIDO group. There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale for difficulty in TME between the 3 groups (LCRT, 3.2; TNT-RAPIDO, 4.6; upfront, 4.1; P=0.12). A subgroup analysis showed similar difficulty between groups (LCRT 3.2 vs. TNT-RAPIDO 4.6, P=0.05; TNT-RAPIDO 4.6 vs. upfront 4.1, P=0.54). During video assessments, surgeons correctly identified the prior treatment modality in 42% of the cases. TNT-RAPIDO videos had the highest recognition rate (71%), significantly outperforming both LCRT (29%) and upfront surgery (25%, P=0.01). Conclusion TNT does not appear to increase the surgical difficulty of TME.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, surgery is deferred for months after completion, which may lead to fibrosis and increased surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to assess whether TNT (TNT-RAPIDO) is associated with increased difficulty of total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) and upfront surgery. Methods: Twelve laparoscopic videos of low anterior resection with TME for rectal cancer were prospectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021, with 4 videos in each arm. Seven colorectal surgeons assessed the videos independently, graded the difficulty of TME using a visual analog scale and attempted to identify which category the videos belonged to. Results: The median age was 67 years, and 10 patients were male. The median interval to surgery from radiotherapy was 13 weeks in the LCRT group and 24 weeks in the TNT-RAPIDO group. There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale for difficulty in TME between the 3 groups (LCRT, 3.2; TNT-RAPIDO, 4.6; upfront, 4.1; P=0.12). A subgroup analysis showed similar difficulty between groups (LCRT 3.2 vs. TNT-RAPIDO 4.6, P=0.05; TNT-RAPIDO 4.6 vs. upfront 4.1, P=0.54). During video assessments, surgeons correctly identified the prior treatment modality in 42% of the cases. TNT-RAPIDO videos had the highest recognition rate (71%), significantly outperforming both LCRT (29%) and upfront surgery (25%, P=0.01). Conclusion TNT does not appear to increase the surgical difficulty of TME.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, surgery is deferred for months after completion, which may lead to fibrosis and increased surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to assess whether TNT (TNT-RAPIDO) is associated with increased difficulty of total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) and upfront surgery. Methods: Twelve laparoscopic videos of low anterior resection with TME for rectal cancer were prospectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021, with 4 videos in each arm. Seven colorectal surgeons assessed the videos independently, graded the difficulty of TME using a visual analog scale and attempted to identify which category the videos belonged to. Results: The median age was 67 years, and 10 patients were male. The median interval to surgery from radiotherapy was 13 weeks in the LCRT group and 24 weeks in the TNT-RAPIDO group. There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale for difficulty in TME between the 3 groups (LCRT, 3.2; TNT-RAPIDO, 4.6; upfront, 4.1; P=0.12). A subgroup analysis showed similar difficulty between groups (LCRT 3.2 vs. TNT-RAPIDO 4.6, P=0.05; TNT-RAPIDO 4.6 vs. upfront 4.1, P=0.54). During video assessments, surgeons correctly identified the prior treatment modality in 42% of the cases. TNT-RAPIDO videos had the highest recognition rate (71%), significantly outperforming both LCRT (29%) and upfront surgery (25%, P=0.01). Conclusion TNT does not appear to increase the surgical difficulty of TME.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, surgery is deferred for months after completion, which may lead to fibrosis and increased surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to assess whether TNT (TNT-RAPIDO) is associated with increased difficulty of total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) and upfront surgery. Methods: Twelve laparoscopic videos of low anterior resection with TME for rectal cancer were prospectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021, with 4 videos in each arm. Seven colorectal surgeons assessed the videos independently, graded the difficulty of TME using a visual analog scale and attempted to identify which category the videos belonged to. Results: The median age was 67 years, and 10 patients were male. The median interval to surgery from radiotherapy was 13 weeks in the LCRT group and 24 weeks in the TNT-RAPIDO group. There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale for difficulty in TME between the 3 groups (LCRT, 3.2; TNT-RAPIDO, 4.6; upfront, 4.1; P=0.12). A subgroup analysis showed similar difficulty between groups (LCRT 3.2 vs. TNT-RAPIDO 4.6, P=0.05; TNT-RAPIDO 4.6 vs. upfront 4.1, P=0.54). During video assessments, surgeons correctly identified the prior treatment modality in 42% of the cases. TNT-RAPIDO videos had the highest recognition rate (71%), significantly outperforming both LCRT (29%) and upfront surgery (25%, P=0.01). Conclusion TNT does not appear to increase the surgical difficulty of TME.

Objective:To analyze the trends of overweight and obesity prevalence in Chinese children, aged from 6 to 15 years old among 4 provinces and cities from 2009 to 2019.Methods:Reviewed the national multi-center epidemiological survey data of children from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2009 to 2010) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (2017 to 2019). The participants′ data were selected from four provinces,municipalities and autonomous region,including Beijing, Tianjin (Northern region), Zhejiang (Eastern region), and Guangxi (Southern region). Totally 14 597 pairs of 6-15 year-old children were surveyed. According to the body mass index (BMI) and standard deviation score (SDS) of children among different genders, ages, and regions, t test or chi-square test was used to evaluate the changes in overweight and obesity over a 10-year span. Results:Totally 7 721 pairs of boys and 6 876 pairs of girls were collectted in this study, whose mean age was (10.7±2.5) years. In the past 10 years, the overall BMISDS were 0.39±1.24 and 0.36±1.31 and the overall obesity rate were 11.8% ( n=1 773) anel 12.5% ( n=1 813) of children in the 4 administrative regions did not have statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). However, the overall overweight rate rose from 17.1% ( n=2 496) to 19.1% ( n=2 781) (χ2=18.657, P<0.01), and the average annual growth rate was 0.20%. The BMISDS in the Eastern region increased from 0.10±1.07 to 0.19±1.22 ( t=-4.095, P<0.01), and the overweight rate and obesity rate increased by 3.8% ( n=202) and 3.1% ( n=169) respectively (both P<0.01); the BMISDS in the Northern region and the obesity rate did not have statistically significant differences(all P>0.05), but the overweight rate rose from 20.5% ( n=1 233) to 22.8% ( n=1 365) significantly (χ2=7.431, P<0.01); BMISDS in the Southern region was significantly decreased from 0.30±1.19 to 0.09±1.25 ( t=1.426, P<0.01), and the rate of obesity decreased from 9.8% ( n=315) to7.9% ( n=256) (χ2=6.46, P<0.05), the overweight rate was not stafistically significant ( P=0.10), respectively. The obesity rate of boys had risen from 16.4% ( n=1 265) to 18.2% (1 407) (χ2=8.997, P<0.01) in the past 10 years, and the overweight rate had risen from 18.0% ( n=1 393) to 20.5% ( n=1 579) (χ2=14.26, P<0.01). The overweight+obesity rate rose from 34.4% ( n=2 658) to 38.7% ( n=2 986) (χ2=29.859, P<0.01), and the weight problem in the age group of 8 to 11 years was particularly severe (all P<0.01). The obesity rate of girls dropped from 6.8% ( n=468) to 5.9% ( n=406) (χ2=4.546, P<0.05), the overweight rate rose from 16.0% ( n=1 103) to 17.5% ( n=1 202) (χ2=5.006, P<0.05), and the overall overweight+obesity rate rose from 22.8% ( n=1 571) to 23.4% ( n=1 608) (χ2=0.53, P>0.05). Conclusions:The growth rate of obesity among children in China had slowed down from 2009 to 2019, but the overweight rate was still on the rise. The overall base of overweight and obesity population continued to expand. The weight problem of peri-adolescent boys was particularly prominent. The current status of obesity epidemics in different regions, ages, and genders are significantly different and had their own characteristics. It is necessary to establish a personalized prevention and control strategy.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of SR8278,a synthetic antagonist of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1(NR1D1),in alleviating the structural and functional impairment of the extraorbital lacrimal glands induced by jet lag in mice.Methods Totally 36 healthy wild C57BL/6J mice aged 8-10 weeks were randomly divid-ed into 3 groups(normal group,jet-lag group,and jet-lag+SR8278 group)after adapting to a circadian rhythm chamber under the 12 h light/12 h dark(12 h/12 h LD)cycle for 2 weeks,with 12 mice in each group.Mice in the normal group were fed in a circadian rhythm chamber in a 12 h LD cycle,mice in the jet-lag group were fed in a 12 h/12 h LD cycle with an 8-hour advanced LD schedule,and mice in the jet lag+SR8278 group were fed in a 12 h/12 h LD cycle with an 8-hour advanced LD schedule and received 25 mg·kg-1 SR8278.At the end of 5 days of intervention,locomotor activity,core body temperature and tear secretion of mice in each group were collected,and the weight of lacrimal gland tissues and size of lacrimal gland cells were measured.Immunohistochemical methods were used for histological evaluation of the extraor-bital lacrimal glands in mice.Lacrimal ribonucleic acid(RNA)was extracted for high-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis containing NR1D1,and the obtained transcriptomic data were used for KEGG and GO functional enrichment analysis.Re-sults Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group had higher daytime activity,lower nighttime activity,higher daytime core body temperature,and lower nighttime core body temperature,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).Compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group had lower daytime activity,higher nighttime activi-ty,lower daytime core body temperature,and higher nighttime core body temperature,with statistically significant differ-ences(all P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group showed a decrease in lacrimal gland weight and tear secretion and an increase in size of lacrimal gland cells,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05);compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group had an increase in lacrimal gland weight and tear secretion and a decrease in size of lacrimal gland cells,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the jet-lag group showed a higher expression of NR1D1 in the lacrimal gland at night;compared with the jet-lag group,the jet-lag+SR8278 group showed a lower expression of NR1 D1 in the lacrimal gland at night(both P＜0.05).Bioinformatics analysis showed 947 significantly different genes in the jet-lag group and the jet-lag+SR8278 group,of which 43 are significantly upregulated genes,and 904 are significantly downregulated genes.The Notch signaling pathway has the most significant difference.Conclusion SR8278 effectively enhances the tear secretion function of jet-lagged mice by targeting NR1D1 inhibition.This process may be completed through the Notch signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the status of height and weight of 3-18-year-old children and adolescents in urban China, and to provide a basis for establishing puberty phase specific curves for age-specific height and age-specific weight.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 218 185 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years in urban China was conducted by using the method of stratified random cluster sampling from January 2017 to December 2019. The sampling areas included 12 provinces municipalities in China and autonomous regions in total. Data were collected on weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and secondary sexual characteristics. The generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) was employed to establish percentile reference values and growth curves of height and weight for boys and girls aged 3-18 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test was applied to compare the P 50 value of height and weight between children of each Tanner stage and children of the same age ignoring the different puberty phase. Results:The 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentile curves for height and weight for age were developed for boys and girls aged 3-18 years. The 3rd, 50th, and 97th percentile curves for age-specific height and age-specific weight for each puberty phase were developed for boys and girls. Compared with all children ignoring the different puberty phase, boys aged 9 and over and girls aged 7 and over who are at Tanner stage 1 showed shorter height and lighter weight than those of the same age group (all P<0.01), the difference ranges of height at P 50 are -4.0 to -0.6 cm for boys, and -4.4 to 0.5 cm for girls; the difference ranges of weight are -4.8 to 0.4 kg for boys, and -4.0 to -0.3 kg for girls; children at Tanner stage 2 & 3 initially were taller and heavier than those of the same age group; and later grew shorter and lighter than those of the same age group, the two sets of curves cross over; boys aged 16 and under and girl aged under 14 who are at Tanner stage 4 were taller and heavier than those of the same age group (all P<0.01), the difference ranges of height at P 50 are 0.2 to 10.0 cm for boys, and 0.2 to 9.4 cm for girls; the difference ranges of weight at P 50 are 0.7 to 10.9 kg for boys, and 1.0 to 11.2 kg for girls, and the differences showed narrowing trend with age. Conclusion:The puberty phase specific growth curves of age-specific height and age-specific weight for boys and girls aged 3-18 years are established, it is useful for clinical work to evaluate physical development of children at different puberty phases.