Objective: To determine the activity of avidin in hens egg white power after heat treatment.Methods: Avidin from dried hens egg white powder was isolated, purified and characterized. Results: 3—6 mg and 1—3 mg of avidin could be detected from 100 g dried egg white powder after 65 ℃,80 ℃ treatments respectively. The specific activity was 9.7 units (65 ℃) or 6.8 units (80 ℃) per mg protein respectively. Conclusion: Avidin does not lose its activity completely after heat treatment at 65℃ or 80℃.

Objective To investigate the maternal attitude and demands for Institute of Postpartum Care in order to provide targeted services.Methods 285 women were a investigated about maternal attitude and demands towards Institute of Postpartum Care with self-designed questionnaire.Results 97.9％ (279/285) women thought sitting the month (puerperal period) was very important,50.2％ (143/285)women were interested in Institute of Postpartum Care.They thought the main three advantages were energy saving,medical expertise and technology and avoidance of family conflicts;The three major issues were high price,lack of monitoring mechanism and unfamiliar environment and less family company;33 items of services demands over four points accounted for 78.6％,the three modules with highest scores were cleaning services scored 4.64±0.47,newborn services scored 4.45±0.41,consultation service scored 4.41:±0.53.Conclusions Professional postnatal care services have been a trend and social need,and a large proportion of women have great interest and demand on Institute of Postpartum Care which should make full use of its concentrate resources,and provide specific services according to maternal demands for services.It is urgent to build unified service standards and evaluation indicators to improve service quality.

Objective To survey the female sexual status and its influence factors during the second trimester of pregnancy.Methods The Chinese Version of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data of 304 women during the second trimester of pregnancy.The investigation results were analyzed.Results Most women reported a decrease in sexual desire(74.7％,227/304),intercourse frequency(90.8％,276/304) and sexual satisfaction(41.1％,125/304).FSFI all dimensions mean scores of these 304 women during the second trimester of pregnancy were less than the critical value,and total FSFI was (20.82±3.74) scores.The female sexual status during the second trimester of pregnancy were affected by age,duration of marriage,education,the way of pregnancy,F=21.974,12.288,3.345,7.748,the differences were statistically significant,P＜0.05.Conclusion Pregnant women are in a low level sexual function during the relative safety stage for sexual behavior during the second trimester of pregnancy,so providing some sexual education is necessary to improve couples' sexual health.

Objective To study the status quo of nursing human resource configuration and structure of neonatology department in China's economically developed areas.Methods Using judgment sampling and multi-stage stratified sampling,investigations were conducted by the self-designed questionnaire in letter in 2012.Results In 2012,both the bed nurse ratio(1:0.79) and doctor nurse ratio (1: 1.22) met the Health Ministry's standards (1:0.58-0.61 and 1: 2) respectively.Age distribution of neonatology nursing staff was from 25 to 34 years old (55％).The distribution of wordng experience was average.Nurses with junior college degree as the main body took up 48％,with primary title as the main body 66％,and the appointment system accounted for 42％.The nursing personnel with young ages,senior skilled,higher education degree,and advanced titles were concentrated in Grade Ⅲ-A hospitals and public hospitals of women and children.In terms of distribution equity,two Gini coefficients of geographical and population distribution were both less than 0.35 and near zero,which indicated relatively perfect equity.Conclusions The stock and per capita of neonatology nursing human resources in China's economically developed areas were insufficient in the long run and showed imbalanced allocation among hospitals with different levels.The allocation structure failed to meet the needs of nursing disciplinary development.

Objective To comparative analyze the anorectal function before and after anus-preserving laparoscopic rectal resection in ultra low rectal cancer.Methods Radical excision of ultra low rectal cancer was performed with ultrasonic scalpel on 43 patients based on the concept of TME and ultra low colorectal/ anal anastomosis was perfomed by applying the manual anastomosis with two operations out of anus.The time of guid being controlled in the rectus,rectual rest pressure (RRP),anal rest pressure (ARP) and anal maximal contraction pressure (AMCP) were tested before operation.The function of their rectus and anus was tested,including the number of bowel movement in one day of 1,3,6 months after operation,the time of guid being controlled in the rectus,RRP,ARP and AMCP after 3,6 months of operation et al.Results All the operations were finished successfully,four cases were converted to open surgery,but there was no serious damage.All cases were followed up for 6 to 36 months with average of 20 months.After 3 months of operation,the retention time of liquid in rectus,the defecate feel function,the anus control function,RRP and ARP was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05) compared to them before operation,there was no statistical significance (including AMCP) (P ＞ 0.05) after 6 months of operation.The results of tests in annus and rectus were near normal level after 6 month of operation.Conclusion The manual anastomosis with two operations out of anus in the laparoscopic anal sphincter preserving resection of ultra low rectal cancer is safe,economical,effective,minimally invasive and shorter hospital stay,it is worth to be widely used.

PURPOSE: To date, studies investigating the association between dairy consumption and breast cancer in women have produced conflicting results. As diet is an important, modifiable factor affecting cancer development, the aim of this study was to examine the association between dairy consumption and breast cancer risk. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched with a priority for prospective cohort studies. Case-control studies were also considered in case of the absence of a cohort study. RESULTS: We analyzed 22 prospective cohort studies (1,566,940 participants) and five case-control studies (33,372 participants). High and modest dairy consumption (>600 and 400-600 g/day, respectively) significantly reduced the risk of breast cancer compared with low dairy consumption (<400 g/day; risk ratio [RR], 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.98, and RR, 0.94, 95% CI, 0.91-0.98, respectively). A significant linear relationship between dairy consumption and breast cancer risk was found on dose-response analysis. Subgroup analysis found that yogurt (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) and low-fat dairy (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.96) reduced the risk of breast cancer, while other dairy product types did not. A reduced risk was observed for people in the United States (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) and in those followed for > or =10 years (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-0.99). Additionally, the highest level of dairy consumption among Asians was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (odds ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62-0.88). CONCLUSION: Dairy consumption was inversely associated with the risk of developing breast cancer and this effect was dependent on the dose, dairy-type, and time.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Dairy Products ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; Yogurt

Objective To evaluate management stratagy for patients with traumatic splenic rupture.Methods The clinical data of 124 patients with traumatic splenic rupture admitted to the 422 Hospital of PLA from April 2008 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.38 patients were treated conservatively,while 86 patients underwent surgery.To investigate impact factors of management strategy in patients with traumatic splenic rupture,clinical characteristics and CT features between the two groups were compared.Results Univariate analysis results showed that injury causes,blood pressure,at admission,pulse,CT grade and abdominocentesis were closely related with therapeutic scheme.And multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that pulse (OR =4.264,95％ CI 1.206-15.073),CT grade (OR =2.086,95％ CI 1.019-4.271) and abdominocentesis (OR =3.428,95％ CI 1.024-11.479) were the significant determining factors of therapeutic scheme in patients with traumatic splenic rupture.Surgical intervention was carried out in 86 patients accounting for 69.4％ of all patients.The rate of surgical intervention was 58.1％ in the patients with CT grade of 1 and 2,that was 94.7％ in patients with CT grade of 3 and 4.Conclusions Operative management is needed for most traumatic splenic rupture,patients those with hemodynamic stability and CT grade of 1 or 2 may be qualified for watchful non-operative management.

ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of mental health problems among hypertensive patients in Ya'an city five years after the Lushan earthquake， so as to provide references for promoting the mental health of hypertensive patients in earthquake-stricken areas. MethodsStratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 800 hypertensive patients in Ya'an city in December 2018. The general information of patients were collected via a self-designed questionnaire， and their mental health problems were assessed via the 12-item General Health Questionnaire （GHQ-12）.Then Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the influencing factors. ResultA total of 744 valid questionnaires （93.00%） were obtained， and mental health problems were detected in 79 cases （10.62%）. Univariate analysis denoted that the detection rate of mental health problems yielded statistical difference among patients of different marital status （P<0.01）， family per capita monthly income （P=0.012） and social assistance recipients （χ²=25.194， P<0.01）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the unmarried/separated/divorced/widowed status （OR=3.879， P=0.015） and social assistance recipients （OR=4.705， P<0.01） were risk factors for mental health problems among hypertensive patients. ConclusionThe detection rate of mental health problems is low among hypertensive patients in Ya'an city， while the unmarried/separated/divorced/widowed and social assistance recipients may suffer more serious mental health problems.