A model of s bacute senility state was established in mice by successive retrobulbar injectiou of 80 mg/kg D-galactose for 50 days. Concomitant oral administration of 4 g/kg and 8 g/kg gastrodia can effectively recovcr the decreased ability of the passive avoid ance reaction in the model animals.The activity of RBC SOD and the contents of hydroxyproline in the animals skin were markedly increased as well as the lipofuscin of myocardium. However, gastrodia was less effective to lower lipofuscin in liver and brain.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury after hepatic ischemia / reperfusion and the protective effect of propofol.Method s Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into Sham2 group,Sham6 group; IR2 group (IR2),IR6 group (IR6); P2 group (P2),P6 group (P6).The 1 mg·kg-1·min-1 propofol was infused from 30min before ischemia in P groups,and the same volume sodium lactate Ringer's solution was infused in Sham and IR groups.The concentration of TNF-α,superoxidedimutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),myeloperosidase(MPO),lung wet/dry weight ratio and lung histological scores were measured at the points of 2 and 6 hour after reperfusion.Results TNF-α levels were higher in IR and P groups than those in sham groups but the values in P groups were lower than those in IR groups.SOD levels decreased greatly in IR groups,there were great difference between P and IR groups.MDA levels increased greatly in IR groups and reached the peak value at 6 hour after reperfusion.MDA levels in P groups were lower than those in IR groups and there were no difference between P and sham groups.The ratio of Wet/dry levels,MPO and lung histological scores were increased greatly after reperfusion in IR and P groups.But the value in P groups was lower than those in IR groups.Conclusions Acute lung injury after hepatic ischemia / reperfusion is mainly induced by the oxidant stress and neutrophil infiltration in lung tissues.Propofol may have effects of antioxidation and decrease neutrophil infiltration which attenuate lung injury induced by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective To study the application of pressure regulated volume control ventilation in respiratory support after liver transplantation.Methods Twenty patients underwent liver transplantation were randomly averagely divided into two groups: pressure regulated vlume control ventilation(PRVCV) group and volume control(VC) group.The parameters of respiratory mechanics,hemodynamics and blood gas analysis of patients in two groups were compared,such as oxygen delivery(DO2),oxygen consumption(VO2),oxygen incepation ratio(O2ER),arteriovenous oxygen content difference(C(a-v)O2),cardiac output(CO),mean arterial pressure(mABP),mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP),alveolar-arterial PO2 difference(P(A-a)O2),gas exchange index(PaO2/FiO2),ratio of shunted blood to total perfusion(Qs/Qt),peak inspiratory pressure(PIP) and mean airway pressure(mAP).Results The P(A-a)O2 and Qs/Qt were significantly decreased in PRVCV group than those in VC group(P(A-a)O2:(101.42?28.07) mm Hg vs.(136.76?39.13) mm Hg;Qs/Qt:(1.78?0.86)% vs.(3.28?0.99)%),P

BACKGROUND: Acute renal insufficiency (ARI) usually occurred following liver transplantation due to the surgical trauma and the application of immunosuppressant, which lack of unified diagnostic criteria. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the experience of diagnosis and treatment of ARI following liver transplantation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The experiment was performed at the 458 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2004 to December 2006.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 37 cases received liver transplantation, including 35 males and 2 females, aged 37-67 years, mean aged (48.5±8.9) years. All cases were divided into the liver cancer group (n=16) and liver cirrhosis group (n=21). The liver cirrhosis group included 16 cases with posthepatitic type B cirrhosis, 4 with posthepatitic type C cirrhosis, and 1 with alcoholic cirrhosis. All these cases were in decompensation stage. The final diagnosis was performed by pathological examination. METHODS: The removal of kidney and construction of blood outflow tract was achieved by modified piggy-back liver transplantation. The arterial blood gas analysis, blood routine examination, renal function and liver function were examined more than twice per day. The cephalosporins, Fluconazole and ganciclovir or vancomycin were used for 5-7 days to prevent infections.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence rate of acute ARI, clinical features and outcomes of patients were observed.RESULTS: ARI developed in 19 patients with liver transplantation, 5 patients died, 14 patients recovered in 2-3 weeks. The incidence of ARI following liver transplantation was associated with infection, bleeding shock, respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of ARI following liver transplantation was 51.35%, with 26.32% mortality rate. The early diagnosis and treatment are the key steps for increasing successful rate of ARI treatment following liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can grow in host myocardium, differentiate under myocardial condition, improve cardiac function. However, biological characteristics of BMSC differentiation are still unclear presently.OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and electrophysiological characteristics of BMSC/n vitro connexin-43 following 5-azacitidine (5-aza) treatment.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro controlled study was perormed at the Heart Center, Hebei Provincial People's Hospital from July 2007 to February 2009.MATERIALS: A total of 24 male pigs aged 2 months were purchased from Exparimental Animal Center, Hebei Medical University.METHODS: Bilateral femoral bone marrow was obtained from pigs under sterile condition. BMSCs were harvested by Percoll density gradient in vitro. At passage 2, BMSCs were treated with 10 μmol/L 5-aza, and incubated in DMeM without inductor 24 hours later. Indices were measured I, 2, 3 weeks following induction. A control group was set up, which was not treated with 5-azacitidine. Following bone marrow extraction, experimental pigs were anesthetized to obtain ventricular muscle. Normal ventricular muscle cells were isolated and cultured by tissue block enzyme digestion method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of connexin-43 was measured by immunohistochemical staining (ABC method). Ito current density and action potential were determined by patch clamp technique.RESULTS: At 1 and 2 weeks following 5-aza induction, some BMSCs were positive for connexin-43, with the presence of brown particles surrounding nuclei. At 3 weeks, positive rate of connexin-43 was 95%. The area with large cell density was presented with similar structure to normal myocardium. At +80 mV, compared with normal myocardial cells, Ito current density was significantly reduced in BMSCs following 1 and 2 weeks and in the control group (P < 0.05). Ito current density was significantly increased to a normal levels in BMSCs 3 weeks following induction (P > 0.05). No action potential was detected in BMSCs following 1 and 2 weeks of 5-aza, and action potential could be determined 3 weeks following induction, which was identical to normal myocardial cells.CONCLUSION: Through induced by 5-aza for three weeks, BMSCs have the similar expression of connexin-43 and electrophysiological characteristics as normal myocardium.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in immune tolerant phase.Methods Ninety-eight chronic HBV carriers in immune tolerant phase were enrolled in this study.The age,gender,serum HBV DNA level,hepatic inflammatory activity and fibrosis,hepatic HBsAg and HBcAg expressions were analyzed.The grade of inflammatory activity and stage of fibrosis were also compared in patients with different levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT).Data analysis was done by chi-square test. Results In 98 patients,83(84.7%)were＜30 years old and 15(15.3%)were≥30.Patients whose mother was HBsAg positive were 48.0%.High levels of serum HBV DNA were found in all patients, with 78.5% were＞1×107 copy/mL.Only 5 cases(5.1%)were G0 of the inflammatory grade;whereas,64 cases(65.3%)were G1,29(29.6%)were G2.There were 56 patients(57.1%)had no significant liver fibrosis;and 23 cases(23.5%)were S1,14(14.3%)were S2,5(5.1%)were S3;none of patients had cirrhosis.The HBsAg and HBcAg in liver tissues were positive in 79(80.6%)and 80(81.6%)cases,respectively.The fibrosis stages of patients with higher ALT levels were significantly greater than patients with lower ALT levels(X2=8.112 3,P=0.043 7).Conclusions Most of patients with chronic HBV infection in immune tolerant phase present mild inflammation in liver,some of them have already developed fibrosis.Therefore,liver pathology is recommended for these patients to help understand the patients' conditions and make correct therapeutic decisions.

BACKGROUND:Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can treat decompensated liver cirrhosis, however, little evidence has addressed the control ed clinical research in hepatitis B patients with decompensated live cirrhosis.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the treatment of hepatitis B with decompensated live cirrhosis.
METHODS:A total of 67 hepatitis B patients with decompensated live cirrhosis were divided into two groups according to their wishes to receive stem cel transplantation. The control group (34 patients) only received oral administration of nucleoside analog antivirus and supportive treatment. The treatment group (33 patients) received autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation via hepatic artery plus antivirus and supportive treatment. The liver functional index, clinical signs and symptoms, adverse reactions were observed and compared at 4, 12, 24 weeks after treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment, al patients’ symptoms were improved to varying degrees. After 4 weeks of treatment, the liver functional indexes were al significantly improved compared with before treatment, the levels of alanme aminotransferase, cholinesterase and prothrombin activity in treatment group were significantly ameliorated compared with control group (P<0.05). At 12 and 24 weeks of treatment, the alanme aminotransferase, albumin, total bilirubin, cholinesterase and prothrombin activity in control group and treatment group showed statistical y significant differences compared with before treatment (P<0.05). At the same time point, al the indicators in the treatment group were significantly ameliorated compared with control group (P<0.05). The Child-pugh score and model for end-stage liver disease score declined at 4, 12, 24 weeks after treatment, showing significant differences compared with before treatment. The difference was also significant at the same time point between two groups. The treatment of nucleoside analogue antivirus combined with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation on hepatitis B patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis is an effective method to improve liver function and blood coagulation function, with symptom improvement, safety and low risk.

AIM: To investigate the changes of the redox status and the antioxidative capability in the tissue of malignant tumors. METHODS: The carcinoma tissues collected from 42 patients with primary cancer in digestive tract (13 cases of esophageal cancer, 14 cases of gastric cancer and 15 cases of colorectal cancer),the corresponding paratumor mucosa tissues were taken as the control samples. The content of oxidized and reduced glutathion (GSSG and GSH), oxidized and reduced coenzyme II (NADP+ and NADPH) were measured, the GSH/GSSG, NADPH/NADP+ ratios, and the GSH/GSSG, NADPH/NADP+ redox potentials were calculated according to Nernst formula. RESULTS: The levels of GSH and NADPH in cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding paratumor tissues (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The significant increase in GSH and NADPH contents in cancer tissues indicates a notable enhancement of its antioxidative capability compared with the corresponding paratumor tissues. Based on this changes, the redox potential in the cancer tissues has only slightly reductive shift, which may suggest an apparent oxidative stress existed in the cancer tissues.

Objective To explore the effects of dendritic cells(DCs) pulsed by hepatitis B surface antigen(HbsAg) on the proliferation and function of cytokine-induced killer(CIK) cells.Methods The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were isolated by the conventional method,pulsed by HbsAg,and added into the CIK cells.The ~3H-TdR incorporation was used to determine the proliferation of CIK cells and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release was used to measure the specific killer activity of CIK cells induced by HBsAg-pulsed DCs.Results The HBsAg-pulsed DCs could induce the proliferation of CIK cells and strengthen the killer activity of CIK cells induced by HBsAg-pulsed DCs(P