OBJECTIVE:To study the composition of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in biliary tract infection for clinicians' reference about rational application of antibiotics. METHODS:Bacteria culture and drug susceptibility analysis were performed for the bile samples of 235 cases. RESULTS:The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in bile was 61.7%,with gram-negative bacilli representing 59.3%,gram-positive bacilli 38.9% and Candida mycoderma 1.8%. With regard to constituent ratios of the bacteria,leading the first 4 places were enterococci(37.7%),Escherichia coli(29.3%),Klebsiella(18.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(5.4%). The main gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem and amikacin; whereas Enterococci were sensitive to vancomycin,amphemycin,ampicillin,penicillin and high concentration of gentamicin. ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella totaled 30 strains,and the ESBLs-producing rate was 37.5%. CONCLUSION:Bile bacteria culture and drug resistance analysis serve as reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Buflomedil Injection plus backwards traction and functional exercises on the hemorheology of patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. METHODS:Sixty patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were treated with 0.2 g Buflomedil Injection (diluted with 500 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution or 5% Glucose Solution,q.d by slow iv gtt for two courses of treatment with 7 days defined as 1 course) plus backwards traction and functional exercises. Patients' hemorheologic parameters including blood viscosity high shear rate,blood viscosity low shear rate,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index,erythrocyte rigidity index,hematocrit,and fibrinogen etc were detected before and after treatment. RESULTS:Before treatment,all the hemorheologic parameters were significantly higher than the reference values of healthy adults(P

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between Ureaplasma urealytium(Uu),Mycoplasma hominis(Mh),and Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) with infertilitas feminis.The drug sensitivity can offer evidence for rational usage to improve the cure rate.METHODS Of 320 cases of infertility womenthe,primary infertility accounted for 132 cases and the secondary infertility for 188 cases.Other 120 cases of normal women were chosen as control.Secretion samples were used to detect Uu,Mh,Ct,and drug sensitivity.RESULTS The rate of Uu,Ct,Uu+Ct,Uu+Mh in infertility group was significant higher than control group(P0.05);minocycline doxycycline,josamycin and erythromycin cyclocarbonte were sensitive to Uu+Mh;drug resistance rate was higher in Uu+Mh infection, multidrug resistance was very serious.CONCLUSIONS Uu,Mh and Ct infections are the major factors to infertilitas feminis.The detection of Uu,Mh and Ct is good for diagneosis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the mycoplasma infection and the drug susceptibility of mycoplasma in cervical secretions from female genital tract in our hospital.METHODS:Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and mycoplasma hominis(Mh)in cervical secretions sampled from 3 416 female genital tract inflammation cases in our hospital were identified by cultivation,and the antibiotic resistance was also detected.RESULTS:The total positive rate of mycoplasma was 43.7%;Uu infection accounted for 40.0%,which was sensitive to Cycloate erythromycin,Minocycline,Deoxycycline,Josamycin;Mh infection accounted for 0.7%,which was sensitive to Deoxycycline,Minocycline and Josamycin;Uu+Mh infection accounted for 3.0%,which was sensitive to Deoxycycline,Josamycin and Minocycline.CONCLUSION:Rational use of drugs based on drug susceptibility test is of importance to prevent the production of persister of mycoplasma.

Objective To examine the expression of scinderin in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its paired portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) tissues; and to explore its role in the development of HCC and its relationship with prognosis of HCC.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of scinderin in tumor-adjacent normal liver tissues,HCC tissues and PVTT tissues from 33 patients.Results The positive expression rates of scinderin in tumor-adjacent normal tissues,HCC tissues and PVTT tissues were 69.7％ (23/33),45.5％ (15/33) and 24.2％ (8/33) respectively.A significantly lower scinderin expression was found in HCC tissues when compared with tumor-adjacent normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05).Also,the expression of scinderin in PVTT tissues was significantly lower than in HCC tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of scinderin in HCC tissues significantly correlated with tumor size,absence of tumor capsule and serum AFP (P ＜0.05).The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of Scinderin-positive patients were significantly longer than Scinderin-negative patients (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed scinderin expression level to be an independent risk factor affecting RFS and OS after curative resection.Conclusions Scinderin was down-regulated in HCC tissues and PVTT tissues when compared with its paired tumor-adjacent normal liver tissues.The expression level of scinderin correlated with HCC recurrence and prognosis.Scinderin can be used as an indicator of prognosis of HCC patients with PVTT.

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of misdiagnosing xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) as carcinoma of gallbladder.Methods Clinical data of 33 XGC patients admitted from 1996 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed, among them 10 patients were misdiagnosed as carcinoma of the gallbladder preoperatively and intraoperatively. Results All these 10 patients underwent preoperative ultrasound and computed tomography (CT). Both ultrasound and CT were suggestive of carcinoma of the gallbladder in 5 cases, and chronic cholecystitis in one case. The ultrasound was suggestive of carcinoma while CT diagnosed as chronic cholecystitis in 2 cases. CT suggested a carcinoma while ultrasound was suggestive of cholecystitis in other 2 cases. Thickened gallbladder wall and dense carcinoma-like adhesions was unanimous phenomena. Cholecystectomy and partial hepatic wedge resection was performed in 3 cases; Six cases underwent cholecystectomy and partial hepatic wedge resection plus regional lymphadenectomy. One case received partial cholecystectomy, cholecystoenterostomy, and partial transverse colectomy. XGC was definitely diagnosed by postoperative pathological examination in all of patients. Conclusions XGC mimics the imaging features (CT, ultrasonography) and gross findings of gallbladder carcinoma making a misdiagnosis. Definite diagnosis of XGC is dependent on postoperative pathology.

Objective To investigate the effect of amiloride on the invasion capacity of esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cell line in vitro and to elucidate its possible mechanism.Methods The invasion capacities of EC9706 cells pretreated with amiloride were measured by transwell chamber assay. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) transcription were determined by RT-PCR.The protein expression of uPA were assessed by Western blot.Results After the EC9706 cells were pretreated with amiloride at different concentrations,the number of invaded cells was obviously less than those of control group with obvious dosage dependent pattern (96±7,78±6,57±6,33±4,15±3,F =43.46,P ＜ 0.01).The transcription levels of uPA mRNA and the protein expression levels of uPA in EC9706 cells decreased significantly compared with the control (mRNA:0.623±0.065,0.526±0.054,0.389±0.041,0.312±0.038,0.247±0.025,F =6.71,P ＜0.01; protein:0.732±0.064,0.644±0.057,0.533±0.058,0.391±0.036,0.267±0.043,F =6.71,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Amiloride inhibits the invasion capacity of esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells.The mechanism might be associated with down-regulation of the expression of uPA.

Purpose: The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is extremely poor, and systemic therapy is currently the mainstream treatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with anti–programmed cell death-1 antibodies and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (triple therapy) in patients with HCC and PVTT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with HCC and PVTT who received triple therapy, were aged between 18 and 75 years, classified as Child-Pugh class A or B, and had at least one measurable lesion. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates, and disease control rates were analyzed to assess efficacy. Treatment-related adverse events were analyzed to assess safety profiles. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.23 months (range, 3.07 to 34.37 months), the median OS was greater than 24 months, and median PFS was 12.53 months. The 2-year OS rate was 54.9%. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 69.8% (74/106) and 84.0% (89/106), respectively; 20.8% (22/106) of the patients experienced grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events and no treatment-related deaths occurred. The conversion rate to liver resection was 31.1% (33/106), with manageable postoperative complications. The median OS was not reached in the surgery group, but was 19.08 months in the non-surgery group. The median PFS in the surgery and non-surgery groups were 20.50 and 9.00 months, respectively. Conclusion Triple therapy showed promising survival benefits and high response rates in patients with HCC and PVTT, with manageable adverse effects.

Purpose: The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is extremely poor, and systemic therapy is currently the mainstream treatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with anti–programmed cell death-1 antibodies and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (triple therapy) in patients with HCC and PVTT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with HCC and PVTT who received triple therapy, were aged between 18 and 75 years, classified as Child-Pugh class A or B, and had at least one measurable lesion. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates, and disease control rates were analyzed to assess efficacy. Treatment-related adverse events were analyzed to assess safety profiles. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.23 months (range, 3.07 to 34.37 months), the median OS was greater than 24 months, and median PFS was 12.53 months. The 2-year OS rate was 54.9%. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 69.8% (74/106) and 84.0% (89/106), respectively; 20.8% (22/106) of the patients experienced grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events and no treatment-related deaths occurred. The conversion rate to liver resection was 31.1% (33/106), with manageable postoperative complications. The median OS was not reached in the surgery group, but was 19.08 months in the non-surgery group. The median PFS in the surgery and non-surgery groups were 20.50 and 9.00 months, respectively. Conclusion Triple therapy showed promising survival benefits and high response rates in patients with HCC and PVTT, with manageable adverse effects.

Purpose: The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is extremely poor, and systemic therapy is currently the mainstream treatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with anti–programmed cell death-1 antibodies and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (triple therapy) in patients with HCC and PVTT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with HCC and PVTT who received triple therapy, were aged between 18 and 75 years, classified as Child-Pugh class A or B, and had at least one measurable lesion. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates, and disease control rates were analyzed to assess efficacy. Treatment-related adverse events were analyzed to assess safety profiles. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.23 months (range, 3.07 to 34.37 months), the median OS was greater than 24 months, and median PFS was 12.53 months. The 2-year OS rate was 54.9%. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 69.8% (74/106) and 84.0% (89/106), respectively; 20.8% (22/106) of the patients experienced grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events and no treatment-related deaths occurred. The conversion rate to liver resection was 31.1% (33/106), with manageable postoperative complications. The median OS was not reached in the surgery group, but was 19.08 months in the non-surgery group. The median PFS in the surgery and non-surgery groups were 20.50 and 9.00 months, respectively. Conclusion Triple therapy showed promising survival benefits and high response rates in patients with HCC and PVTT, with manageable adverse effects.