At present, the artificial materials for cranial repair include methylsilicone rubber, titanium net, bonwe cement and stainless steel sil net, etc. Titanium net, organic glass, methylsilicone rubber and bone cement are easy to operate, but they are not satisfactory as an ideal material of repairing cranial defects because they only contributes to partial functional alternation as a foreign implant. High cost and long periodicity of tissue engineered bone lead to limit its application in clinics as an ideal repair material of bone defects. With the advanced development of biomaterials study and the deeper manufacture of industrialized tissue engineered products, this technology will achieve a large-scale application of clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the fetal chromosomal karyotypes in prenatal diagnosis and the relationship between abnormal karyotypes and the indications of prenatal diagnosis. Methods Fetal chromosomal karyotypes were examined in 247 pregnant women (16 to 28 weeks' gestation) by amniocentesis. Results 14 abnormal chromosomal karyotypes were detected, the abnormal rate was 5.67%. Trisomy was the major abnormality, it was 7out of 14(50%), including 4 trisomy 21(42.86%)?2 trisomy 18(28.57%)?1 trisomy 13(14.28%).Balanced translocation was found in 6 fetuses, the frequency was 42.86%. In 18 pregnant women aged over 35 years,1 (5.56%) with trisomy 21 was detected, and 3 of trisomy 21 were in 229 pregnant women aged under 35 years (1.31%,P=0.235). 3 Trisomy were detected in 15 fetuses with ultrasonographic suspected abnormalities. Conclusions During the second trimester, in the pregnant women who had different indications for prenatal diagnosis, the rate of chromosomal abnormality was 5.67%. Trisomy was the most common abnormal karyotype. As one method of prenatal screening, ultrasound in the second trimester could increase the antenatal detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormality.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of the contents of geniposide and liquiritin in Xinshenning tablets. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Inertsil ODS-3 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (gradient elution) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was 25 ℃,detection wavelength was 238 nm and the vol-ume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The mass concentration range was 16.3-407.9 μg/ml for geniposide(r=0.999 9) and 7.4-185.9 μg/ml for liquiritin(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.63%;average recoveries were 99.05%(RSD=1.28%,n=9)and 98.00%(RSD=1.84%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The established method is accu-rate,sensitive and simple,and can be used for the contents determination of geniposide and liquiritin in Xinshenning tablets.

Objective:To assess effect of detection of plasma N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and serum cystatin C (Cys C) combined Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score on heart func‐tion and prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) .Methods :According to GRACE score ,a total of 136 ACS patients were divided into low risk group (n=29) ,intermediate risk group (n=39) and high risk group (n=68) .Serum Cys C level and plasma NT‐proBNP level were measured in all groups .Incidence rate of major ad‐verse cardiovascular events (MACE) within three and six months was counted .Results:Among ACS patients ,com‐pared with low risk group ,there were significant rise in levels of NT‐proBNP [ (165.80 ± 51.62) ng/L vs .(193.13 ± 74.64) ng/L vs .(985.45 ± 152.69) ng/L] and Cys C [ (0.83 ± 0.38) mg/L vs .(0.9 ± 0.25) mg/L vs .(1.23 ± 0.23) mg/L] ,left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter [six months: (50 ± 3) mm vs .(55 ± 3) mm vs .(59 ± 5) mm] ,significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF ,six months: (55 ± 7)% vs .(49 ± 5)% vs . (40 ± 7)% ] ,and significant rise in incidence rate of MACE (six months:2.94% vs .9.55% vs .30.88% ) ,and a‐bove indexes in high risk group were significantly higher than those of intermediate risk group except LVEF signifi‐cantly reduced , P<0.05 or <0.01 ;Pearson correlation analysis indicated that NT‐proBNP and Cys C levels were positively correlated with GRACE score (r=0.72 , P<0.05 ; r=0.65 , P<0.05) respectively .Conclusion:NT‐proBNP and Cys C level detection combined GRACE score could exactly response heart function and prognosis .

Objective:To approach the actions of survivin and COX-2 during the genesis and development in brain astrocytoma and whether they have dependablity each other.Methods:The expression of survivin and COX-2 was examined by immunohistochemistry SP and their interrelationship was analyzed.Results:The positive expressive rates of survivin in astrocytoma gradeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳsubgroups were shown in an increased tendency.The expression was weak positive in higher differentiation group,and the positive expressive rate of survivin was increased in the lower differentiation group.There was an significant difference between these two groups(?2=11.20,P

Objective The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is a coronary artery disease with a benign course,but its pathological mechanisms are not yet fully understood.The purpose of this controlled study was to investigate the cellular content of blood in patients diagnosed with CSFP and the relationship of this with coronary flow rates.Methods Coronary angiographies of 3368 patients were selected to assess thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) values.Seventy eight of them had CSFP,and their demographic and laboratory findings were compared with 61 patients with normal coronary flow.Results Patients'demographic characteristics were similar in both two groups.Mean corrected TFC (cTFC) values were significantly elevated in CSFP patients (P ＜ 0.001).Furthermore,hematocrit and hemoglobin values,and eosinophil and basophil counts of the CSFP patients were significantly elevated compared with the values obtained in the control group (P =0.005,P =0.047,P =0.001 and P =0.002).The increase observed in hematocrit and eosinophil levels showed significant correlations with increased TFC values (r =0.288 and r =0.217).Conclusion Significant changes have been observed in the cellular composition of blood in patients diagnosed with CSFP as compared to the patients with normal coronary blood flow.The increases inhematocrit levels and in the eosinophil and basophil counts may have direct or indirect effects on the rate of coronary blood flow.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of chemotherapy on mitochondria ultrarnicrostructure and stereological characteristic of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MC) and serous cystadenocarcinoma (SC) and to investigate clinical significance and possible mechanism of chemotherapy on two cystadenocarcinoma.MethodsThe ultramicrostructure changes of mitochondrion were observed with electronic microscope and the stereological changes and its interrelation of volume density (Vv), surface density (Sv) and ratio of surface density(Rsv,μm-1)of mitochondria of the cells in ovarian carcinoma were studied and compared with the normal control. ResultsElectron microscope reveals that the mitochondria swelling and cristae disorganizing were seen in ovarian carcinoma.The Vv(0.072±0.059)and Sv(0.057±0.040)of MC mitochondria were decreased markedly(P =0.004 and P =0.029, respectively), while its Rsv (0.891 ±0.400) μm-1 increased obviously (P =0.015); but the Vv and Sv of mitochondria of the SC cells were increased markedly (0.267±0.12,P =0.001 and 0.122±0.057,P =0.003,respectively).After chemotherapy,cancer cells mitochondrion Sv elevated significantly (0.060±0.037, P = 0.053), showing a similar MC mitochondria of variability. Conclusion Therearedifferentcharacteristicsintheultramicrostructureandstereologicalcharacteristicinthe mitochondria of two types ovarian carcinoma. Effects of chemotherapy may be associated with the ameliorate of construction and function of ovary cells.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of endooscopic minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Methods From June 2012 to August 2015, the data of 180 patients with esophageal carcinoma was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into endoscopy McKeown esophagectomy group (EME group) and open McKeown esophagectomy group (OME group), each group had 90 patients. The clinical pathological data, perioperative data and postoperative complications between the two groups were analyzed. Results The operation time in EME group was longer than that in OME group [(289 ± 30) min vs. (252 ± 28) min, t= 8.063, P< 0.05]. The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative blood loss on the first day after operation in EME group were less than those in OME group [(178.94 ± 47.84) ml vs. (323.44 ± 59.51) ml, t=17.952, P<0.05; (220.93 ± 49.07) ml vs. (362.59 ± 68.37) ml, t= -15.968, P< 0.05]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the number of lymph node dissection (t= -1.913), postoperative hospitalization days (χ2= 4.858) and postoperative complications (exact probability method) (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Endoscopic minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy has the same effect as open surgery, and trauma is small. Therefore, for the patients who are suitable for the minimally invasive surgery, it can be preferred.

Objective: To evaluate diagnostic value of three noninvasive examinations for coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 500 subjects, who were suspected of CHD, first received diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG) and hospitalized in our department from May 2014 to May 2015, were selected.According to CAG results, they were divided into non-CHD control group (n=106), single vessel coronary disease group (n=199), double-vessel coronary disease group (n=95) and multi-vessel coronary disease group (n=100, ≥three vessel disease).Besides CAG, all subjects accomplished one of following examinations at least: (1) 24h dynamic ECG (Holter);(2) real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE);(3) radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (RMPI).Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of these three examinations in diagnosing CHD were evaluated.Results: With CAG as the gold standard, compared with Holter and RT-3DE, there were significant rise in sensitivity(68.4%, 69.0% vs.92.9%), specificity (62.9%, 81.4% vs.88.5%) and accuracy (67.1%, 71.2% vs.91.9%) of RMPI (P<0.01 all), only specificity of RT-3DE was significantly higher than that of Holter, P=0.019.Conclusion:Noninvasive examination can be used as important method diagnosing CHD, which are important measures for noninvasive diagnosing and assessing CHD.Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of RMPI are high, which is worth extending.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pathogenesis and therapeutics of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)and aplastic anemia(AA)combined with autoimmune disease(AID).Methods Retrospective analysis and follow-up visit of 111 patients with MDS and 56 patients with AA in our hospital were studied.Results There were 9(8.1%)of 111 patients with MDS and 2 (3.6%)of 55 patients with AA coexistent with AID.Autoimmune hemolytic anemia(36.4%)and Behcet Disease(18.2%)were common among those combined with AID.5 patients had AID proceeding to the occurrence of MDS/AA.4 patients had simultaneous occurrence of AID and MDS/AA.2 patients developed AID three years later after the diagnosis of MDS.Conclusion There was a certain intrinsic relationship between MDS/AA and AID.