Since smart phones have been developed, significant advances in the function of mobile phone due to the development of software, hardware and accessories have been reached. Till now, smart phones have been engaged in daily life with an increasing impact. As a new medical model, mobile phone medicine is emerging and has found wide spread applications in medicine, especially in diagnosing, monitoring and screening various diseases. In addition, mo bile phone medical application shows great potential trend to improve healthcare in resource-limited regions due to its advantageous features of portability and information communication capability. Nowadays, the scientific and technological issues related to mobile phone medicine have attracted worldwide attention. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art advances of mobile phone medicine with focus on its diagnostics applications in order to expand the fields of their applications and promote healthcare informatization.
Cell Phone ; Delivery of Health Care ; trends ; Humans ; Software

Objective To investigate the value of double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) and multi-slice CT enteroclysis (MSCTE) in diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) in small intestine. Methods DBE and MSCTE were performed in 71 patients with suspected Crohn's disease in small intestine. The two methods were compared in terms of diagnosis, extents of disease, existance of complications and activity of the disease according to the pathologic findings and the outcome of follow-up. Results The diagnostic yields of DBE and MSCTE were comparable with no significant difference (χ2=2.29, P> 0.05). The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 22.5 and 0. 022 in DBE respectively, and were 1.6 and 0. 240 in MSCTE respectively. The results of DBE was consistent with MSCTE in diagnosis of mild bowel stenosis, but was inconsistent with MSCTE in diagnosis of moderate-severe bowel stenosis (χ2=11.298, P=0.001). The concordance of two methods in diagnosis of disease activity was 95.8%. Conclusions The first choice in diagnosis of small bowel CD is DBE. The combination of two methods will be helpful in diagnosis and evaluation of CD severity.

Due to abundant availability of shale gas and biogas, methane has been considered as one of the most potential carbon sources for industrial biotechnology. Methanotrophs carrying the native methane monooxygenase are capable of using methane as a sole energy and carbon source, which provides a novel strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emission and substituting edible substrates used in bioconversion processes. With the rapid development of genetic engineering tools and biosynthesis techniques, various strategies for improving the efficiency of methane bioconversion have been achieved to produce a variety of commodity bio-based products. Herein, we summarize several important aspects related with methane utilization and metabolic engineering of methanotrophs, including the modification of methane oxidation pathways, the construction of efficient cell factories, and biosynthesis of chemicals and fuels. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the future development of methane bioconversion are also discussed.
Biofuels ; Biotechnology ; Metabolic Engineering ; Methane ; Oxidation-Reduction

Objective To summarize the liver biopsy and clinical features of patients with liver injury of unknown origin,and to investigate the value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy in the diagnosis of liver injury of unknown origin.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy results of 94 patients with liver injury of unknown origin who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital,Xiamen University,from January 2018 to February 2023.According to the proportion of the patients with different final diagnoses,the patients were divided into autoimmune liver disease(AILD)group,metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)group,drug-induced liver injury(DILI)group,alcoholic liver disease(ALD)group,and unknown group.An analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups,and the Bonferroni analysis or the Dunnett'T3 test was used for further comparison between two groups;the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups;the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between multiple groups.Results All 94 patients with liver injury of unknown origin underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy after admission,among whom 90 patients(95.7%)had a confirmed diagnosis based on liver biopsy and clinical features.There were 43 patients(45.7%)with AILD,21(22.3%)with MAFLD,15(16.0%)with DILI,6(6.4%)with ALD,1(1.1%)with AILD and MAFLD,1(1.1%)with hemochromatosis,1(1.1%)with Budd-Chiari syndrome,1(1.1%)with congenital hepatic fibrosis,and 1(1.1%)with idiopathic portal hypertension,while 4 patients(4.3%)still had an unknown etiology after liver biopsy.There were significant differences between the patients with top five diagnoses in age(F=4.457,P<0.05),body mass index(BMI)(F=3.245,P<0.05),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(H=11.128,P<0.05),gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)(H=24.789,P<0.05),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(H=26.013,P<0.05),IgG(H=19.099,P<0.05),IgM(H=21.263,P<0.05),AMA-M2 positive rate(P<0.05),and ANA positive rate(P<0.05).Compared with the MAFLD group,the AILD group had significantly higher age,AST,GGT,and ALP and a significantly lower BMI;compared with the MAFLD group and the DILI group,the AILD group had significant increases in IgG and IgM;the AILD group had significant increases in the positive rates of AMA-M2 and ANA compared with the other four groups.Conclusion AILD,MAFLD,and DILI are the most common causes in patients with liver injury of unknown origin.Ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy plays an important role in determining the cause of liver injury of unknown origin,but it is still needed to make a comprehensive analysis based on clinical history,different types of liver injury,laboratory markers,and imaging data.

Objective:To analyze the hard tissue thickness in the crown of primary teeth by CBCT.Methods:The CBCT imaging data of 47 children were included,and the hard tissue thickness of primary teeth was measured by MIMICS software.SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.Results:The average thickness in the mesial surfaces was the smallest(P＜0.01),except for the libial surface of maxillary central incisor and the distal surface of mandibular first primary molar.In primary anteriors,the thickness in the same sur-face of maxillary teeth was greater than that of mandibular teeth significantly(P＜0.01)except for the libial surface of primary canine.In primary molars,the thickness of hard tissue in the same part of the distal and lingual side of the maxillary teeth was greater than that of the mandibular teeth(P＜0.01),and the thickness in the buccal side of maxillary teeth was lower than that of the mandibular teeth(P＜0.01).Conclusion:The distribution of hard tissue thickness of primary teeth in different position is different.

Objective:To construct an evidence-based nursing program for the progressive limb functional exercise after breast neoplasms operation by using the evidence-based nursing method and to verify its clinical application effect.Methods:Evidence-based nursing method was used to extract the best evidence from the literatures. According to the actual clinical situation, the knowledge to action model (KTA) was used as the guideline to formulate evidence-based nursing program for the progressive limb functional exercise after breast neoplasms operation. The execution rate of nurses and compliance rate of patients were evaluated after application of the program. Before the application of the program, 63 patients from July 2017 to December 2017 were selected as the control group. After the application of the program, 60 patients from June 2018 to November 2018 were selected as the experimental group. The standard-reaching rates of shoulder joint mobility were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 8 pieces of best evidence were extracted to construct the program. Within 6 months of application, the execution rate of nurses was 94.6% and the compliance rate of patients was 91.1%. After application of program for 3 months, the anterior flexion range of motion of shoulder joint reached standard in 51 cases and abductor range of motion reached standard in 49 cases in the experimental group, all better than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 =4.783, 6.766; P<0.05) . Conclusions:The evidence-based nursing program for the progressive limb functional exercise has better application effect in limb functional exercise after breast neoplasms operation, and the execution rate of nurses and compliance rate of patients are high. It can promote the recovery of limb function of patients with breast neoplasms after operation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of osthole （OST） on skin wound healing and angiogenesis in rats by regulating the sonic hedgehog （SHH） signaling pathway. METHODS Full-layer skin defect wound model rats were established and then randomly separated into Model group， OST low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （OST-L group， OST-M group， OST-H group， 20， 30， 40 mg/kg OST）， high-dose OST+SHH inhibitor cyclopamide group （OST-H+cyclopamide group， 40 mg/kg OST+10 mg/kg cyclopamide）， with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 rats were selected as the control group. The wound healing of rats on 1， 7 and 14 days of administration was observed， and the wound healing rate of rats in each group was measured. The pathological changes and collagen deposition in rat wound tissue were observed； the levels of angiopoietin-1 （Ang-1） and basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） in wound tissue of rats were detected； the relative expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA） and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 （VEGFR-2） mRNA were also detected in wound tissue of rats； the protein expressions of VEGFA， VEGFR-2， SHH and glioma-associated oncogene homolog-1 （GLI1） were determined in wound tissue of rats. RESULTS Compared with Model group， the healing rate of skin wound， relative expression of collagen protein， the levels of Ang-1 and bFGF， the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGFA and VEGFR-2， and the protein expressions of SHH and GLI1 were all significantly increased in OST-M and OST-H groups （P＜0.05）. The wound tissue underwent significant re- epithelialization， with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and granulation tissue edema， and an increase in the number of new blood vessels. SHH inhibitor cycloparamide weakened the promoting effects of OST on skin wound healing and angiogenesis in rats. CONCLUSIONS OST may promote skin wound healing and angiogenesis in rats by activating the SHH signaling pathway.

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great risks in China, understanding of FAW genetic background and pesticide resistance is urgent and essential to develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of a male FAW (SFynMstLFR) and compared re-sequencing results of the populations from America, Africa, and China. Strain identification of 163 individuals collected from America, Africa and China showed that both C and R strains were found in the American populations, while only C strain was found in the Chinese and African populations. Moreover, population genomics analysis showed that populations from Africa and China have close relationship with significantly genetic differentiation from American populations. Taken together, FAWs invaded into China were most likely originated from Africa. Comparative genomics analysis displayed that the cytochrome p450 gene family is extremely expanded to 425 members in FAW, of which 283 genes are specific to FAW. Treatments of Chinese populations with twenty-three pesticides showed the variant patterns of transcriptome profiles, and several detoxification genes such as AOX, UGT and GST specially responded to the pesticides. These findings will be useful in developing effective strategies for management of FAW in China and other invaded areas.
Animals ; China ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Pesticides ; Spodoptera/genetics* ; Transcriptome