OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of radioactive ray on transmission capability of nose mucociliary. METHOD: Forty-six patients with NPC were selected and saccharin clearance time (SCT) for 7 phases were detected in both pre- and post-radiotherapy respectively. RESULT: Among 46 patients with NPC, the shortest SCT was 247 seconds and the longest 601 seconds in pre-radiotherapy phases; from 4th week of introradiotherapy to 18 months of postradiotherapy, the longest SCT was in 12 months after radiotherapy, which was 903 seconds. There were no significant differences in SCT before radiotherapy and 18 months after radiotherapy. There were significant differences in SCT of preradiotherapy and introdiotherapy, post radiotherapy, after radiotherapy 3 months, 6 months, 12 months after radiotherapy. CONCLUSION Radiotherapy is the important factors in influencing transmission capability of nose cavity and sinus mucociliary and hints that gender and nasal cavity side don't affect SCT. Detection of SCT in different stages of NPC patients can be helpful to protect nasal mucous membrane effectively, and to reduce incidence rate of RNS.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucociliary Clearance ; radiation effects ; Nasal Mucosa ; physiopathology ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; radiotherapy ; Saccharin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective: To evaluate 99mtechnetium-three polyethylene glycol spacers-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid ( 99mTc-3PRGD2) singlephoton emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) imaging for diagnosing lymph node metastasis of primary malignant lung neoplasms. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled 26 patients with primary malignant lung tumors who underwent 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging. Both imaging methods were analyzed in qualitative (visual dichotomous and 5-point grades for lymph nodes and lung tumors, respectively) and semiquantitative (maximum tissue-to-background radioactive count) manners for the lymph nodes and lung tumors. The performance of the differentiation of lymph nodes with and without metastasis was determined at the per-lymph node station and perpatient levels using histopathological results as the reference standard. Results: Total 42 stations had metastatic lymph nodes and 136 stations had benign lymph nodes. The differences between metastatic and benign lymph nodes in the visual qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT and18F-FDG PET/CT were statistically significant (all P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)in the semi-quantitative analysis of 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT was 0.908 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.851–0.966), and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 0.86 (36/42), 0.88 (120/136), 0.69 (36/52), and 0.95 (120/126), respectively. Among the 26 patients (including two patients each with two lung tumors), 15 had pathologically confirmed lymph node metastasis. The difference between primary lung lesions in patients with and without lymph node metastasis was statistically significant only in the semi-quantitative analysis of 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT (P = 0.007), with an AUC of 0.807 (95% CI, 0.641–0.974). Conclusion 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT imaging may notably perform in the direct diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of primary malignant lung tumors and indirectly predict the presence of lymph node metastasis through uptake in the primary lesions.

Objective : To study the distribution range of the color values of the upper anterior teeth of Uygur youth in the Kashi area of XinJiang as a reference for clinical applications. Methods: Based on the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*a*b* color system, the colorimetric values of the anterior teeth of 212 Uygur youths in Xinjiang, Kashi, were analyzed by digital camera colorimetry. There were 105 males and 107 females. The length of the neck to the cutting end of the tooth was measured, and the tooth was evenly divided into thirds. To determine the chromaticity values of the incisors, lateral incisors, cuspids, and middle teeth, 1/3 of the cervical, middle and incisal regions and 9 test areas were measured. Results : The color of the cervical, middle and incisal regions of the same tooth position in Uygur youth in the Kashi area showed the following trends: L* value: middle regions > cervical regions > incisal regions; a* value: cervical regions > incisal regions > middle regions; b* value: cervical regions > middle regions > incisal regions, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The value of L* gradually decreased, and the value of a* gradually increased (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the a* value of male and female maxillary anterior teeth (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the b* value between the middle teeth and the incisors, the middle and the incisal regions of the upper maxillary incisors, and the cutting end of the upper maxillary incisors (P < 0.05). Conclusions There was a significant difference in the color of the cervical, middle and incisal of the same tooth. The upper jaw gradually reduced from the incisors to the sharp teeth, and the color gradually became reddish. The maxillary central incisor was brighter in males than in females, and the middle and incisal regions of the maxillary front teeth were more yellow than in males than in females.

Objective: To explore the clinical effects and key techniques of expanded super-thin perforator flaps in the shoulder, neck, and chest in reconstruction of extensive burn scars in the face. Methods: From January 2008 to November 2018, 22 patients with extensive burn scars in the face were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery of Dongguan Kanghua Hospital and the Department of Plastic Surgery of Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, with 3 males and 19 females, aged from 4 to 48 years. There were 16 cases of type Ⅱ and 6 cases of type Ⅲ in facial scars. Before the first stage of expansion surgery, Doppler blood flow survey meter or multi-slice CT was used to locate the perforator vessels. One to four expanders with rated capacity ranged from 100 to 600 mL were placed in the patients. We gave 20% to 30% of the rated capacity of expander intro-operation and common injection with 10% to 15% of the rated capacity of expander per week post-operation until the volume reached 1.5 to 2.5 times of the rated capacity of expander during the past 3 to 4 months. At the second stage of surgery, the perforators were located again before surgery with the same method. The size of defects after the excision of facial scars ranged from 6 cm×4 cm to 18 cm×16 cm. With perforators used as nutrient vessels, narrow pedicle flaps or random flaps ranging from 6 cm×6 cm to 22 cm×18 cm were elevated as rotating or advancing to reconstruct the defects. The donor sites were sutured directly. Some of the flaps needed stage Ⅲ operation for cutting the pedicle. The survival of flaps, post-operation complications, and follow-up were assessed. Results: All flaps of 22 patients survived. All the donor sites were closed simultaneously. One patient underwent an additional surgery for 5 cm×4 cm necrosis on distal part of flap caused by subcutaneous hematoma. Two patients with epidermis blister on the flaps were healed by themselves after dressing change. Due to rapid expansion, blood capillary proliferation appeared on the central part of the flap in 3 cases, after slowing down the expansion speed properly, which had no impact on flap transfer. No ischemia or venous congestion phenomenon were observed in the other flaps. During follow-up of 5 to 48 months, the flaps of patients showed no significant bloated appearance, with good complexion and texture, and even could reproduce facial fine-grained expressions naturally. Conclusions For the reconstruction of extensive burn scars in the face, expanded super-thin perforator flaps can not only acquire large and thin flaps with high matching degree surface skin defect, but also reproduce facial fine-grained expressions. It is a simple and safe method which conforms to the facial aesthetic standard.

Objective: Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the incidence of tuberculosis in China from 2018 to 2019, providing references for the prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: The monthly incidence data of tuberculosis in China were collected from January 2005 to December 2017. R 3.4.4 software was used to establish the ARIMA model, based on the monthly incidence data of tuberculosis from January 2005 to June 2017. Both predicted and actual data from July to December 2017 were compared to verify the effectiveness of this model, and the number of tuberculosis cases in 2018-2019 also predicted. Results: From 2005 to 2017, a total of 13 022 675 cases of tuberculosis were reported, the number of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in 2017 was 33.68% lower than that in 2005, and the seasonal character was obvious, with the incidence in winter and spring was higher than that in other seasons. According to the incidence data from 2005 to 2017, we established the model of ARIMA (0,1,2)(0,1,0)₁₂. The relative error between the predicted and actual values of July to December 2017 fitted by the model ranged from 1.67% to 6.80%, and the predicted number of patients in 2018 and 2019 were 789 509 and 760 165 respectively. Conclusion The ARIMA (0, 1, 2)(0, 1, 0)₁₂ model well predicted the incidence of tuberculosis, thus can be used for short-term prediction and dynamic analysis of tuberculosis in China, with good application value.