Primary liver cancer (hereinafter referred to as liver cancer) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies, posing a serious threat to human health. In recent years, advance-ments in artificial intelligence (AI) have opened up possibilities for the comprehensive enhancement of liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. AI technologies in liver cancer mainly include the machine learning (ML) and the deep learning (DL) models, with DL being a subtype of ML based on neural network structures. The application of ML and DL models in liver cancer has demonstrated tremen-dous potential, but there are still many issues that need to be addressed, including enhancing the generalizability and interpretability of results. The authors elaborate on the application progress of AI in the field of liver cancer in recent years, and explore the current challenges and future explora-tion directions.

Background Children and adolescents drink sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) frequently. Research has confirmed that SSBs associate with weight gain and overweight or obesity. However, it is unclear whether high SSBs intake associates with abnormal changes in physical growth and glucolipid metabolism before causing adverse health outcomes such as overweight and obesity. Early identification of associated health risks of overconsumption of SSBs have important public health implications. Objective To investigate the differences in physical growth and glucolipid metabolism between different SSBs intake frequency groups in normal weight children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, and to evaluate the early effects of SSBs intake on physical growth and glycolipid metabolism before causing overweight and obesity, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of childhood overweight and obesity and related chronic diseases, and for the formulation of policies on the control of SSBs consumption. Methods Data were from the Shanghai Diet and Health Survey (SDHS) among primary and secondary school students. The participants were normal weight children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. Propensity scores were calculated according to energy intake and physical activity factors, after stratifying by age and gender. Participants were 1:1 matched with the closest propensity scores in the high-frequency (≥1 time·d⁻¹) and the low-frequency (≤1 time·week⁻¹) SSBs intake groups. The outcome indicators were physical measurements such as height, weight, percent of body fat, and waist circumference, and metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose, total triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect SSBs consumption in the past three months through face-to-face interview. A paired t-test was used to compare the differences in physical and glycolipid metabolic indicators between the high-frequency intake group and the low-frequency intake group of SSBs. Results A total of 431 pairs were obtained. For children and adolescents in grades 6-9, overall height (difference=2.92 cm, P=0.002), weight (difference=2.53 kg, P=0.003), and waist circumference (difference=1.34 cm, P=0.035) were higher in those who consumed SSBs ≥1 time·d⁻¹ than in those who consumed ≤1 time·week⁻¹. For children and adolescents in grades 10-12, overall weight (difference=2.27 kg, P=0.041) was higher in those who consumed SSBs ≥1 time·d⁻¹ than in those who consumed ≤1 time·week⁻¹. Over 95% of the study subjects reported blood glucose and lipid test results within the normal range; but girls in grades 1-5 who consumed SSBs ≥1 time·d⁻¹ had a higher total cholesterol (difference=0.20 mmol·L⁻¹, P=0.027) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (difference=0.19 mmol·L⁻¹, P=0.010) than those who consumed ≤1 time·week⁻¹; boys in grades 6-9 who consumed SSBs ≥1 time·d⁻¹ had a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (difference=-0.10 mmol·L⁻¹, P=0.039) than those who consumed ≤1 time·week⁻¹. Conclusion High-frequency intake of SSBs may be associated with higher total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in normal weight children and adolescents in grades 1-5, and higher weight in normal weight children and adolescents in grades 6-12. There is an urgent need to educate children and adolescents about nutritional health, enhance their ability to make healthy food and beverage choices, and take early interventions to control the intake of SSBs in children.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) on flap surgery in animal models.Methods:Nine databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, and WANFANG database) were searched for published literature comparing the effects of BTXA (BTXA group) versus saline or no treatment (control group) on flap operation in animal models from January 1979 to March 2022. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Indicators included flap survival rate, blood flow and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level after surgery. The subjects were divided into pre-operation injection group and intraoperation injection group according to the intervention timing, and were divided into random flap group and axial flap group according to the type of flaps, and subgroup analysis was conducted respectively. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software and Stata 15.1 software were used for all statistical analysis.Results:A total of 603 animals from 19 studies were included after rigorous inclusion and exclusion screening. Compared with control group, BTXA group revealed a significantly higher flap survival rate [mean difference ( MD)=15.65%, 95% CI: 13.11%-18.19%, Z=12.08, P<0.001], blood flow [standardized mean difference ( SMD)=1.96, 95% CI: 1.39-2.54, Z=6.71, P<0.001] and VEGF expression (at mRNA level: SMD=6.01, 95% CI: 0.89-11.13, Z=2.30, P=0.020; at protein level: SMD=3.44, 95% CI: 2.44-4.43, Z=6.73, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the flap survival rate of the pre-operation injection group ( MD=21.54%, 95% CI: 16.07%-27.01%, Z=7.71, P<0.001) was significantly higher than that of the intraoperative injection group ( MD=9.40%, 95% CI: 6.79%-12.00%, Z=7.07, P<0.001). The flap survival rate of the random flap group ( MD=20.87%, 95% CI: 16.67%-25.07%, Z=9.73, P<0.001) was significantly higher than that of the axial flap group ( MD=13.11%, 95% CI: 8.91%-17.31%, Z=6.12, P<0.001). Conclusion:BTXA assisted flap surgery may have positive effects on the survival rate, blood flow and VEGF expression in animal models. In addition, injection timing and flap type may also be important factors in the effect of BTXA on flap surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) on flap surgery in animal models.Methods:Nine databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, and WANFANG database) were searched for published literature comparing the effects of BTXA (BTXA group) versus saline or no treatment (control group) on flap operation in animal models from January 1979 to March 2022. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Indicators included flap survival rate, blood flow and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level after surgery. The subjects were divided into pre-operation injection group and intraoperation injection group according to the intervention timing, and were divided into random flap group and axial flap group according to the type of flaps, and subgroup analysis was conducted respectively. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software and Stata 15.1 software were used for all statistical analysis.Results:A total of 603 animals from 19 studies were included after rigorous inclusion and exclusion screening. Compared with control group, BTXA group revealed a significantly higher flap survival rate [mean difference ( MD)=15.65%, 95% CI: 13.11%-18.19%, Z=12.08, P<0.001], blood flow [standardized mean difference ( SMD)=1.96, 95% CI: 1.39-2.54, Z=6.71, P<0.001] and VEGF expression (at mRNA level: SMD=6.01, 95% CI: 0.89-11.13, Z=2.30, P=0.020; at protein level: SMD=3.44, 95% CI: 2.44-4.43, Z=6.73, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the flap survival rate of the pre-operation injection group ( MD=21.54%, 95% CI: 16.07%-27.01%, Z=7.71, P<0.001) was significantly higher than that of the intraoperative injection group ( MD=9.40%, 95% CI: 6.79%-12.00%, Z=7.07, P<0.001). The flap survival rate of the random flap group ( MD=20.87%, 95% CI: 16.67%-25.07%, Z=9.73, P<0.001) was significantly higher than that of the axial flap group ( MD=13.11%, 95% CI: 8.91%-17.31%, Z=6.12, P<0.001). Conclusion:BTXA assisted flap surgery may have positive effects on the survival rate, blood flow and VEGF expression in animal models. In addition, injection timing and flap type may also be important factors in the effect of BTXA on flap surgery.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes of the usage of oil， salt， sugar and nutritional knowledge and behavior intervention among diners before and after the establishment of healthy canteens and restaurants in Shanghai. MethodsA comprehensive intervention was conducted through the establishment of healthy canteens and restaurants， encompassing interventions such as oil， salt， and sugar management， improvement of nutritional environment， staffing and training activities， and nutrition labeling guidance. A pre-post self-controlled study design was used to compare changes in oil， salt and sugar usage， as well as diners’ knowledge and behaviors related to nutrition and nutrition labeling， before and after the intervention. ResultsAfter intervention， the total usage of oil， salt， and sugar per meal in the canteens and restaurants decreased by 18.33%， 14.83%， and 13.66%， respectively，and all had statistically significance differences（P<0.001）. The awareness rate of "cooking oil intake"， "salt intake"， and "added sugar intake" among diners increased from 24.07% to 38.04%， 58.52% to 71.28%， and 26.85% to 45.01%， respectively. The awareness rate of "daily food types" and "weekly food types" increased from 43.07% to 56.53% and 49.52% to 64.32%， with significant differences （P<0.001）. The rate of understanding the content of nutrition labels increased from 66.91% to 76.90%， the awareness rate of nutrition labels increased from 53.59% to 69.06%， the rate of active reading of nutrition labels among diners increased from 73.38% to 81.23%， and the rate of selecting and purchasing food based on the information of nutrition labels increased from 69.27% to 77.79%， all of which were statistically significant （P<0.001）. ConclusionThe comprehensive interventions carried out through the creation of healthy canteens and restaurants have significantly impact on usage of oil， salt， and sugar， as well as on the nutritional knowledge and behaviors of diners.

Primary liver cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality in the world, and it is also a common malignant tumor of digestive tract in China. With the development of medical technology and the deepening of minimally invasive concept, minimally invasive therapy has gradually become the main treatment of liver cancer. Through the visual analysis of Cite Space bibliometrics study, the authors visually show the basic knowledge structure and evolution in the field of minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, and explore the frontier hotspots and future development trends, so as to provide reference for scientific research and application in this field.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and treatment of gastric cancer in 16 medical centers in Tianjin from 2020 to 2021.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 3 122 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery in 16 medical centers, including Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, et al, in Tianjin from 2020 to 2021 were collected. There were 2 112 males and 1 010 females, aged (64±11)years. Observation indicators: (1) general data of patients; (2) treatment situations; (3) postoperative complications. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were descri-bed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted by the chi-square test. Results:(1) General data of patients. From 2020 to 2021, a total of 3 122 gastric cancer patients received surgeries in 16 medical centers in Tianjin, including 2 112 males and 1 010 females. There were 1 443 cases in 2020, including 976 males and 467 females, aged (63±11) years. There were 1 679 cases in 2021, including 1 136 males and 543 females, aged (65±11) years. Of the 3 122 pati-ents, cases in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ were 696, 667, 1 466, 293, accounting for 22.293%(696/3 122), 21.365%(667/3 122), 46.957%(1 466/3 122), 9.385%(293/3 122), respectively. Cases with early gastric cancer, locally advanced gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer account for 17.265%(539/3 122), 73.350%(2 290/3 122), 9.385%(293/3 122). There were 2 829 patients without distant metastasis and 293 patients with distant metastasis. For the 2 829 patients without distant metas-tasis, cases in stage T1, T2, T3, T4a, T4b accounted for 19.053%(539/2 829), 12.089%(342/2 829), 20.148%(570/2 829), 41.499%(1 174/2 829), 7.211%(204/2 829)respectively, cases in stage N0, N1, N2, N3 account for 37.328%(1 056/2 829), 16.331%(462/2 829), 15.836%(448/2 829), 30.505%(863/2 829). For the 293 advanced gastric cancer patients with distant metastasis, 190 cases had peri-toneal metastasis, 47 cases had lymph node metastasis, 27 cases had ovarian metastasis, 37 cases had liver metastasis, 14 cases had other metastasis (some patients had ≥2 distant metastases). (2) Treatment situations. ① For the 539 with early gastric cancer, cases undergoing endoscopic submu-cosal dissection, laparoscopic surgery, open surgery were 22, 150, 86 in 2020, versus 19, 212, 50 in 2021, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=19.42, P<0.05). For the 498 patients with early gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery, cases undergoing open surgery including total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, proximal gastrectomy were 25, 81, 30, and cases undergoing laparoscopic surgery including total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, proximal gastrec-tomy were 18, 309, 35, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=40.62, P<0.05). For the 2 290 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, cases undergoing open surgery and laparoscopic surgery were 446 and 617 in 2020, versus 410 and 817 in 2021, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=17.75, P<0.05). For the 2 290 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, cases undergoing open surgery including total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, proxi-mal gastrectomy were 336, 377, 143, and cases undergoing laparoscopic surgery including total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, proximal gastrectomy were 377, 920, 137, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=89.64, P<0.05). Of the 293 patients with advanced gastric cancer, 175 cases underwent surgeries due to hemorrhage, stenosis, perforation, 76 cases under-went surgery after chemotherapy, 42 cases underwent surgery directly. ② For 756 cases of 3 122 pati-ents undergoing total gastrectomy, 357 and 4 cases received open digestive tract reconstruction including Roux-en-Y and other anastomosis, versus 380 and 15 cases with laparoscopic digestive tract reconstruction including Roux-en-Y and other anastomosis, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=5.57, P<0.05). For 1 687 cases undergoing distal gastrectomy, 84, 160, 158, 55 cases received open digestive tract reconstruction including Billroth Ⅰ anastomosis, Billroth Ⅱ + Braun anastomosis, Roux-en-Y anastomosis, uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis, versus 154, 489, 417, 170 cases with laparoscopic digestive tract reconstruction including Billroth Ⅰ anastomosis, Billroth Ⅱ + Braun anastomosis, Roux-en-Y anastomosis, uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=10.90, P<0.05) . Of the 539 patients with early gastric cancer, 65 cases had lymph node metastasis, in which 18 of 306 stage T1a cases had lymph node metastasis and 47 of 233 stage T1b cases had lymph node metastasis. The number of detected lymph nodes for the 2 290 patients with advanced gastric cancer was 31±15, including ≥16 for 2 059 cases and ≥30 for 1 276 cases. Of the 3 122 patients, cases with neoadjuvant therapy, complete response and incomplete response was 128, 13 and 115 in 2020, versus 250, 49 and 201 in 2021, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=5.51, P<0.05). (3) Postoperative complications. Of the 3 122 patients, 746 cases had postoperative complications, with an incidence of 23.895%(746/3 122). There were 62 patients with grade 3 or more complications. Reoperation was conducted in 34 patients. There were 14 cases of postoperative death. The duration of postoperative hospital stay and hospital expense were (11±5)days and (98 114±46 598)yuan for the 3 122 patients, (26±14)days and (122 066±68 317)yuan for cases with complications, (40±21)days and (196 926±12 747)yuan for cases with grade 3 or more complications. Conclusion:Compared with 2020, cases undergoing laparoscopic surgery and distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in Tianjin increases in 2021, and the digestive tract reconstruction also differs. The number of patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and complete response rate for advanced gastric cancer increases.

Objective : To study the distribution range of the color values of the upper anterior teeth of Uygur youth in the Kashi area of XinJiang as a reference for clinical applications. Methods: Based on the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*a*b* color system, the colorimetric values of the anterior teeth of 212 Uygur youths in Xinjiang, Kashi, were analyzed by digital camera colorimetry. There were 105 males and 107 females. The length of the neck to the cutting end of the tooth was measured, and the tooth was evenly divided into thirds. To determine the chromaticity values of the incisors, lateral incisors, cuspids, and middle teeth, 1/3 of the cervical, middle and incisal regions and 9 test areas were measured. Results : The color of the cervical, middle and incisal regions of the same tooth position in Uygur youth in the Kashi area showed the following trends: L* value: middle regions > cervical regions > incisal regions; a* value: cervical regions > incisal regions > middle regions; b* value: cervical regions > middle regions > incisal regions, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The value of L* gradually decreased, and the value of a* gradually increased (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the a* value of male and female maxillary anterior teeth (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the b* value between the middle teeth and the incisors, the middle and the incisal regions of the upper maxillary incisors, and the cutting end of the upper maxillary incisors (P < 0.05). Conclusions There was a significant difference in the color of the cervical, middle and incisal of the same tooth. The upper jaw gradually reduced from the incisors to the sharp teeth, and the color gradually became reddish. The maxillary central incisor was brighter in males than in females, and the middle and incisal regions of the maxillary front teeth were more yellow than in males than in females.

Objective To develop clinical practice guidelines for breastfeeding in neonates in hospital conforming to the situation in China by adaptation of existing guidelines.Methods According to ADAPTE methodology and current status of breastfeeding in neonates in hospital,we searched existing guidelines and systematic reviews of breastfeeding,used AGREE Ⅱ to evaluate the guidelines,content analysis method was used to select and integrate the content of the evidence,and feasibility investigation and expert external review were performed for the established guidelines.Results A total of 10 guidelines,3 evidence summaries and 4 systematic reviews were included,and the "Evidence-Based Guideline:Breastfeeding of Neonates in the Hospital" were established,involving 8 aspects:breastfeeding promotion,screening,expression,storage,transport,reception,procedures and quality management,and a total of 83 evidences were recommended,which were practical and recommended by all experts.Conclusion High quality evidence resources provided by the established clinical practice guideline can provide reliable evidence support for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) gene on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and cell cycle of human breast cancer Bcap-37 cells.Methods The eukaryotic ING5-expressing plasmid and GFP-empty plasmid were steadily transfected in Bcap-37 cells, the expression of green fluorescent protein was measured with fluorescence microscopy, and the high expression of ING5 was measured by real time-PCR. Bcap-37-ING5 cells served as the experimental group, Bcap-37-GFP cells as the mock group and Bcap-37 as the control group. The effects of ING5 on the proliferation were detected by MTT, the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by Flow cytometry, and the cell migration was detected by cell wound scratch assay and Transwell experiment.Results Bcap-37 cell lines steadily expressing ING5 protein with GFP-tag were acquired by stable transfection. ING5 over-expression inhibited the proliferation and led to G2 arrest of Bcap-37 cells, increased cells apoptosis and decreased the cell migration ability (P<0.05).Conclusion ING5 over-expression may have reverse effect for malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells, and may be employed to indicate the biomarker of prognosis of breast cancer patients and regarded as a target of gene therapy.