Objective:To study the factors influencing the happiness of dementia patients and their caregivers,provide guidance for improving their well-being.Methods:A total of 94 pairs of patients and their caregivers who were admitted to the neurology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2015 to April 2016 were selected, the demographics of each patient and their caregivers were recorded. The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) of patients with dementia, Role of Overload Scale(ROS) of caregivers, Dyadic Relationship Strain(DRS), Quality of Life for Dementia(QOL-D), Self-Evaluation Scale-Depression(CES-D) were recorded. Layered linear model was used to make regression analysis between the influencing factors and the scores of QOL-D and CES-D.Results:The results of the multi-layer linear model of uncontrolled variables in the fixed effect model: the results of QOL-D suggested that the score of patients with dementia was β 1j= 31.01±0.77, and the score of caregivers was β 2j= 35.15±0.88; the results of CES-D suggested that the scores of dementia patients and caregivers were β 1j = 14.55 ± 1.03 and β 2j = 13.11 ± 1.44, respectively. The random effects model suggested that there were statistical differences in the heterogeneity of the QOL-D score and the CES-D score variance component for dementia patients and caregivers (χ 2 values were 98.94-168.06, P<0.01). It indicated that the data was heterogeneous, adjusting the level 2 model, and the final results in the adjusted regression analysis suggested: caregiver relationship pressure (DRS), dementia patient self-awareness assessment (MMSE), caregiver care-related stress (ROS), dementia patient relationship stress (DRS) significantly affected the quality of life score (QOL-D) in both well-being ( β values were -3.22-0.43, P<0.05). Dementia patient relationship stress (DRS), caregiver-related stress (ROS), and caregiver relationship stress (DRS) significantly affected depressive symptoms in both well-being ( β values were 5.34, 3.26, 1.62, P<0.05). Conclusions:A comprehensive assessment of dementia patients and caregivers is needed. The combined family relationship is tense and the pressure associated with caregivers needs to be psychologically counseled.