BACKGROUNDThe effects of chest compressions to hemodynamic and respiratory parameters during hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a non-arrested patient who suddenly collapses are confusing. In this research, we investigated the effects of chest compressions in a non-arrested porcine model.

METHODSFourteen male domestic pigs were randomized into sham control group (SHAM group, only anesthetized and instrumented without chest compression, n = 6) or chest compression group (CC group, 2 minutes of chest compressions, n = 8). Continuous hemodynamic parameters, dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), and blood gas analysis outcomes were recorded. Serum levels of catecholamine were measured at baseline and 2 minutes, 30 minutes, 4 hours, and 24 hours after chest compressions. Chest computed tomography (CT) was performed at 30 minutes and 24 hours. Conventional histopathology evaluation was performed.

RESULTSAfter two minutes of chest compressions in the CC group, heart rate and extravascular lung water increased significantly; mean arterial pressure, stroke volume, and global ejection fraction significantly decreased. Cdyn significantly decreased to valley levels at 30 minutes and slowly recovered. Compared with the baseline, serum levels of catecholamine significantly increased at 2 minutes and rapidly decreased 24 hours later. At 30 minutes after chest compressions, chest CT showed local exudation, which was absorbed 24 hours later.

CONCLUSIONSThis research showed that 2 minutes of chest compressions causes various heart and lung tissue damage in the normal a normal porcine model. It also impacts the hemodynamic and Cdyn.

Animals ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Catecholamines ; blood ; Extravascular Lung Water ; Heart Massage ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Lung Compliance ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Swine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The stem of Cynomorium songaricum is a traditional Chinese medicine reputed to have tonic effects. C. coccineum growing in northern Africa and the Mediterranean region is regarded in Arabian medical practice as the "treasure of drugs". The major constituents of Cynomorium plants have been revealed to be phenolic compounds, steroids, triterpenes, etc. Pharmacologic studies showed that the Cynomorium plants had antioxidant, immunity-improving, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, and other bioactivities. Some chemical constituents in Cynomorium plants are unstable, implying that the chemical components of the herbal medicines produced under different conditions may be variable. This review covers the literature published until December, 2011 and describes the pharmacologic effects and secondary metabolites of Cynomorium species.
Animals ; Cynomorium ; chemistry ; classification ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Humans

Objective To explore the effect of qi-regulating,phlegm-resolving,and blood-promoting prescription on coronary microvascular thrombosis and coronary microvascular occlusion in rat models. Methods Totally 125 healthy clean-grade male SD rats weighing (300±25) g were sequentially numbered and then randomly divided into treatment group (n=60),control group (n=60) and blank group (n=5).Rats in the treatment group and control group received apical left ventricular injection of sodium laurate to establish rat models of coronary microvascular thrombosis. Then,rats in the control group were given distilled water by gavage one day before operation and after surgery. In contrast,rats in the treatment group were given qi-regulating,phlegm-resolving,and blood-promoting prescription by gavage one day before operation and after surgery. Five rats from both treatment group and control group were killed at each of six time points (1 hour,24th hour,7th day,14th day,21th day,and 28th day),and the myocardium specimens were harvested. The 5 rats in the blank group did not receive any special treatment and were given normal feeding;in the 28th day,they were sacrificed to obtain the myocardial specimens. Pathological sections of rat myocardial tissues were made to observe and compare the degrees of coronary microvascular thrombosis and coronary microvascular obstruction.Results In the treatment group and the control group,coronary microvascular thrombosis occurred 1 hour after apical sodium laurate injection and reached the peak at the 24th hour. Compared with the blank group,the treatment group and the control group showed different degree of coronary microvascular obstruction. Comparison between the treatment group and the control group at each time point showed that the coronary microvascular thrombosis in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The severity of coronary microvascular occlusion was significantly milder in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Apical left ventricular injection of sodium laurate successfully established rat models of coronary microvascular thrombosis. Qi-regulating,phlegm-resolving,and blood-promoting prescription can reduce coronary microvascular thrombosis and improve coronary microvascular obstruction.
Animals ; Coronary Occlusion ; drug therapy ; Coronary Thrombosis ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Qi ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of recombinant human anti-severe acute respiratory syn-drome coronavirus 2(anti-SARS-CoV-2)monoclonal antibody injection(F61 injection)in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)combined with renal damage.Methods Patients with COVID-19 and renal damage who visited the PLA General Hospital from January to February 2023 were selected.Subjects were randomly divided into two groups.Control group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy,while trial group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy combined with F61 injection.A 15-day follow-up was conducted after drug administration.Clinical symptoms,laboratory tests,electrocardiogram,and chest CT of pa-tients were performed to analyze the efficacy and safety of F61 injection.Results Twelve subjects(7 in trial group and 5 in control group)were included in study.Neither group had any clinical progression or death cases.The ave-rage time for negative conversion of nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 in control group and trial group were 3.2 days and 1.57 days(P=0.046),respectively.The scores of COVID-19 related target symptom in the trial group on the 3rd and 5th day after medication were both lower than those of the control group(both P＜0.05).According to the clinical staging and World Health Organization 10-point graded disease progression scale,both groups of subjects improved but didn't show statistical differences(P＞0.05).For safety,trial group didn't present any infusion-re-lated adverse event.Subjects in both groups demonstrated varying degrees of elevated blood glucose,elevated urine glucose,elevated urobilinogen,positive urine casts,and cardiac arrhythmia,but the differences were not statistica-lly significant(all P＞0.05).Conclusion F61 injection has initially demonstrated safety and clinical benefit in trea-ting patients with COVID-19 combined with renal damage.As the domestically produced drug,it has good clinical accessibility and may provide more options for clinical practice.