An electrochemical L-lactate biosensor was fabricated by combining Platinum nanoparticles (Pt-nano) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs).L-lactate oxidase(LOD) was immobilized on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with MWCNTs and Pt-nano.The surface of resulting LOD/MWCNTs/Pt-nano electrode was covered by a thin layer of sol-gel to avoid the loss of LOD and to improve the anti-interference ability.The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that MWCNTs/Pt-nano catalyst displayed a higher performance than MWCNTs.Under the optimized conditions, i.e., applied potential of 0.5 V, pH 6.4, 25 ℃, the proposed biosensor's determination range was 0.2-2.0 mmol/L, response time was within 5 s, and the sensitivity was 6.36 (A/(mmol/L).It still kept 90% activity after 4 weeks.The fabricated biosensor had practically good selectivity against interferences.The results for whole blood samples analyzed by the present biosensor showed a good agreement with those analyzed by spectrophotometric method.

Objective:To study the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and traditional cardio‐vascular risk factors among community 35~64‐year‐old residents .Methods :A total of 1884 residents (548 males and 1336 females) from urban Shenyang city received baseline condition questionnaire on cardiovascular diseases and re‐lated diseases from Apr 2011 to Feb 2012. According to presence of cardiovascular risk factors or not ,subjects were divided into healthy control group (n=675) and risk factor group (n=1209);according to number of risk factors , risk factor group was further divided into one risk factor group (n=491) ,two risk factors group (n=263) and ≥3 risk factors group (n=455) .Morning blood sample and urine sample were retained to measure blood and urine rou‐tine ,blood glucose and blood lipid profile etc in all subjects .N/L was compared and analyzed among all groups .Re‐sults:Among patients with only one of following risk factors [hypertension ,diabetes mellitus (DM) ,dyslipidemia and obesity] ,N/L levels of patients with hypertension or DM were significantly higher than that of healthy control group [1.55(1.15 ,1.95) ,1.60(1.21 ,2.07) vs .1.45(1.09 ,1.91)] , P<0.05 both ,and there were no significant difference between any other one risk factor group and healthy control group , P>0.05 all .Among risk factor sub‐groups ,N/L level of ≥3 risk factors group was significantly higher than that of two risk factors group [1.57(1.16 , 2.04) vs .1.41(1.07 ,1.89) ,P<0.05] ,and there was no significant difference between any other two groups (P>0.05) .Conclusion:N/L significantly related to hypertension or DM ,and N/L level of ≥3 risk factors group was sig‐nificantly higher than that of two risk factors group ,N/L is helpful to assess risk of cardiovascular diseases .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular cloning, tissue distribution, tumor distribution and the subcellular localization of AK078438 gene.

METHODSReverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was applied to amplify the open reading frame of AK078438 gene. Prokaryotic expressing vector and affinity purification were used to get the fusion protein. At mRNA expressing levels semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed for the investigation of its distribution in normal rat tissues, tumor cell and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lines. The eukaryotic expression green fluorescence protein (GFP) fusion protein vector was transfected into cells and identified subcellular localization.

RESULTSThe full open reading frame of AK078438 gene with 1065 bp, 355aa were identified. mRNA of the gene distributed in brain, uterus, colon, bone marrow, testis and kidney, but not in stomach, liver, the lung, spleen and heart. Murine colon adenocarcinoma C26, melanoma B16, Lewis lung carcinoma LL/2 and MSC had the gene and mouse myeloma cell line NS-1 and Hepa mouse hepatoma cell line had no the gene. The protein was localized in cytoplasm.

CONCLUSIONProtein expression, expressing profile and subcellular localization of AK078438 gene set the basis for further exploration of its functions.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Mice ; Open Reading Frames ; Organ Specificity ; Protein Transport ; Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of sodium aesci-nate after intravenous infusion in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods Sodium aescinate for injection were given to 9 healthy volunteers of a single dose of 10 mg, the concentrations of aescinate in human plasma and urine were determined by HPLC-MS/MS, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with WinNonlin 5. 0. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of A ingredient of aescinate and B ingredient of aescinate were as follows: C_(max) were ( 283. 00 ± 70. 53 ), (206. 33 ± 57.20) ng · mL~(-1); AUC_(0-t) were (1008.05 ±396.49), (638.96 ± 259. 48) ng · h · mL~(-1);t_(1/2) were(3. 72 ±0. 44), (3.57 ±0.48) h;V_z were (19. 39 ±7. 05), (23.82 ±11.43) L;CL were (3. 66 ± 1. 36), (4. 55 ± 1. 86) L · h~(-1) ;36 hour accumulative urine excretion rates were (4. 91 ± 1. 38) % , (2. 80 ± 0. 71 ) % , respectively. Conclusion The disposing process of A ingredient of aescinate and B ingredient of aescinate in healthy subjects were resemble, the elimination half life was about 3. 6 h, the accumulative urine excretion rate was low.

BACKGROUNDBiofilms have given new insights to the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, the link between biofilms formation and local inflammatory response remains poorly defined in CRS with nasal polys. The aim of this study was to determine the potential association of the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues with clinical features in Chinese patients, which had CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

METHODSA total of 19 patients with CRSwNP and 12 patients with non-CRS were subjected to endoscopic surgery and their nasal mucosal tissue specimens were examined histologically and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their demographic and clinical features were recorded.

RESULTSThirteen (68.4%) out of the 19 specimens from patients with CRSwNP, but none from control patients, were positive for biofilms that displayed typical characteristics of bacterial and fugal structures. The presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues was associated with significantly greater values of purulent nasal discharge and preoperative Lund-Kennedy scores, higher levels of serum total IgE and percentages of subjects with endoscopic surgery (ESS) history in patients with CRSwNP, and more severe inflammation in the nasal mucosal tissues of patients with CRSwNP.

CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrated the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues of many patients, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenic process of CRSwNP in Chinese patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biofilms ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Nasal Polyps ; etiology ; microbiology ; pathology ; Rhinitis ; etiology ; microbiology ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; etiology ; microbiology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of endovascular recanalization of the symptomatic occlusion of large intracranial artery in anterior circulation.Methods From October 2015 to December 2017,13 patients with symptomatic non-acute occlusion of large intracranial artery in anterior circulation were enrolled into this study and underwent endovascular recanalization.The initial procedural results,including the rate of successful recanalization and perioprocedural complications,and angiographic and clinical follow-up results were collected.The functional outcome was evaluated at discharge and 90 days.Results Recanalization was successful in 11 out of 13 patients.Perioperative complications occurred in 8 cases,including distal embolization in 7 cases (3 with symptom and 4 without),in which intracerebral hemorrhage associated with embolectomy was found in 1 case;and distal embolization concomitant with artery dissection in 1 case.At discharge,the symptoms of 10 out of 11 patients with successful recanalization were improved and 1 was unchanged;one of 2 patients with recanalization failure was aggravated and 1 was unchanged.After the procedure,1 patient with successful recanalization,but complicated with intracerebral hemorrhage associated with embolectomy was lost at follow-up,thus angiographic follow-up was available in the remaining 10 patients.Of the 10 patients,1 patient developed in-stent restenosis at 12 months and 9 patients had no hemodynamic stenosis/reocclusion.The clinical follow-up was available in 12 patients.No recurrence of TIA or stroke was found in 9 cases with successful recanalization except for 1 case who developed in-stent stenosis and suffered from TIA.At the follow-up of 90 days,l0 patients with successful recanalization showed good function (mRS∶0-2),2 patients with recanalization failure were deteriorated.Conclusions In strictly selected patients with symptomatic non-acute occlusion of large intracranial artery in anterior circulation,endovascular recanalization was feasible and safe,which may improve patients' symptoms in a short term and reduce the recurrence rate of stroke,but its definite efficacy needs to be confirmed by studies with larger sample and longer follow-up.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of 5.0 T ultra-high filed MRI system in assessing intracranial arteries segments and vessel branchers.Methods:This study was a prospective study. Totally 40 consecutive healthy volunteers were recruited from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from September 1, 2021 to November 30, and all participants who underwent either 3.0 T or 5.0 T time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) in random order were divided into 3.0 T MR group and 5.0 T MR group with 20 volunteers for each group. Image quality was assessed by Likert 5 scoring systems and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR),and score in visualization of intracranial arteries [middle cerebral artery (MCA) and its segments, anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and its segments, posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and its segments, lenticulostriate arteries (LA) and pontine artery (PA)] were assessed from 0 to 3 (≥2: good depiction of vessel segment). Quantitative indicators were compared between 2 groups using independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results:Among the 40 subjects, there were 29 males and 11 females, aged 20-69 (50±12) years. SNR and CNR were both significantly higher in 5.0 T MR group than those in 3.0 T MR group (SNR: 187±9 vs 91±4, t=31.59, P<0.001; CNR: 156±7 vs 70±4, t=31.45, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in subjective scores of image quality between the 5.0 T MR and 3.0 T MR groups [5.0 (4.0, 5.0), 5.0 (5.0, 5.0) points, respectively, Z=-1.23, P=0.218]. In the evaluation of cerebral arteries, the visualizations of the proximal and middle segments of MCA, ACA and PCA was better than those in the 3.0 T MR group, and there was no significant difference in the scores ( P>0.05), while the visualizations of proximal arteries in the 5.0 T MR group were significantly better than those in the 3.0 T MR group ( P<0.05). Furthermore, small vessel branches such as LA and PA in 5.0 T MR group were visualized better than those in 3.0 T MR group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:TOF-MRA by ultra-high filed 5.0-T provides an optimal choice in visualization of distal large arteries and small vessel branches, which could be useful for the diagnosis on cerebral vascular disease.

Objective To design an intelligent speech test system with reliability and convenience using the computer software and to evaluate this system.Methotis First,the intelligent system Was designed by the Delphi program language.Second,the seven monosyllabic word lists recorded on CD were separated by Cool Edit Pro v2.1 software and put into the system as test matefials.Finally,the intelligent system was used to evaluate the equivalence of difficulty between seven lists.Fifty-five college students with normal hearing participated in the stuay.Results The seven monosyllabic word lists had equivalent difficulty(F=1.582,P>0.05) to the Subjects between each other and the system was proved as reliability and convenience.Conclusions The intelligent system has the feasibility in the clinical practice.

YY 0585.4-2009 and ISO 8536-12:2021 standards were compared in terms of the blocking performance test method of disposable check valves for infusion equipment.The affecting factors and possible errors were analyzed when the blocking performance test was carried out according to YY 0585.4-2009,and it's pointed out ISO 8536-12:2021 gained advantages over YY 0585.4-2009 in the blocking performance test method of check valves.References and guidance were provided for standard revision and actual operation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):78-83]

In order to improve the cure rate of critically ill patients in Wuhan epidemic area and reduce the fatality rate, the state have dispatched medical staffs from the whole country to support Wuhan and treat critically ill patients in dedicated facilities. A medical team from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, consisting of 133 medical staffs major in critical care medicine, respiralogy, infection, cardiology, and general surgery, entirely took over the critical care unit of the East Hospital of the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, and formed a multidisciplinary collaboration team with local medical staffs to treat patients together. Up to March 13th in 2020, the author′s medical team has admitted a total of 109 patients, of which 48 had been discharged up on recovery. Critically ill patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 mainly have elder age, comorbidities, complicated conditions, and difficult diagnosis and treatment. The author and the author′s team combined with clinical practice, share experience and strategies of general surgery related issues in the treatment of critically ill patients, providing reference for collegues in general surgery.