OBJECTIVEThe aim of this survey was to investigate the level of contamination of the most consumed foods in China with 16 rare earth elements (REEs), and to provide the basic data for establishing and revising food safety standards for REEs.

METHODSSixteen REEs in foods were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the labs of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of four provinces and two municipalities, during 2009-2010.

RESULTS1 231 samples were analyzed and 19 121 concentration data of 16 REEs were collected. The REEs levels in the investigated foods varied significantly. The concentrations of cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), and neodymium (Nd) were relatively high, while the remaining eleven REEs were at low levels. The mean values of total rare earth element oxides (REOs) in cereals, fresh vegetables, fresh aquatic products, fresh meats and eggs varied from 0.052 mg/kg to 0.337 mg/kg.

CONCLUSION16 REEs in the major foods were at very low contamination levels in the investigated regions.

Animals ; China ; Edible Grain ; chemistry ; Eggs ; Fishes ; Food Analysis ; Food Contamination ; Meat ; analysis ; Metals, Rare Earth ; chemistry ; Mollusca ; Swine ; Vegetables ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the effect of folic acid intervention on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) metabolic changes and pulse wave velocity(PWV)in patients with type H hypertension. Methods Patients(hos-pitalized from March 2014 to December in our hospital)with H type hypertension were randomly divided into treat-ment group and control group randomly ,and were given routine antihypertensive drug therapy. Treatment group was given oral folic acid 0.8 mg,1 times a day,the control group was given placebo,1 times a day. All patient were treated for 12 months. Changes of plasma Hcy and PWV levels were observed. Results 432 patients(Han nationality)with type H hypertension were enrolled in this study with the age of 61.7 ± 13.6 years old and the ratio of men and women is 1.3:1. The most common diseases were coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2 groups were treated for a period of 12 months,with follow-up time from 6 to 10 months(average duration in 8 months). After treatment,the difference between plasma Hcy(Z=-7.63,P=0.000)and PWV(Z=-3.16,P=0.002)levels of the two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion Folic acid intervention can significantly reduce the level of plasma Hcy in patients with type H hypertension ,slow down the progression of atherosclerosis and reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease.

BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty has been widely used in clinical practice, and achieved good clinical efficacy. However, with the yearly increased number of patients receiving primary arthroplasty, the number of revision hip arthroplasty patients has increased. However, hip arthroplasty is one of the most difficult hip surgery, and it is challenging. OBJECTIVE: To review the causes of femoral revision of the hip arthroplasty, the classification of the femoral bone defect, and the type of prosthesis available in the clinical revision, and the clinical effect of the different prosthesis, so as to provide reference for femoral revision. METHODS: CNKI, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for the literatures published between January 1975 and August 2017 with the key words of "Revision total hip arthroplasty, Femur revision, Cemented femoral revision, Cemenless femoral revision Reoperation, Porous-coated stems, Modular, tapered stem, Wagner SL revision Stem". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 1 041 articles were retrieved. After reading the abstract, unrelated and repeated studies were excluded. Finally, 109 studies were included. Of them, there were 106 English studies and 3 Chinese studies. Femoral revision was analyzed and summarized. (2) Femoral revision of the hip is still the future challenges facing the joint surgeon. We continue to strive to overcome the direction. Although the current material science and surgical technology are now rapidly developed, only the analysis of the reasons for the revision of the femoral side, identifying the femoral side bone defect classification, mastering the treatment of different defects and the application of the principle of prosthesis type, making reasonable femoral revision program is the key to success according to the patient's age and activity.

AIMTo explore the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on the kidney injury following with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of limbs.

METHODSThe models of I/R injury of limbs were constructed in rabbits. The blood from right external jugular vein, renal artery and renal vein represent the peripheral blood, into and out-flowing kidney blood (IKB, OKB) respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood uria nitrogen (BUN) in peripheral blood and SOD, MDA, nitric oxide (NO) in IKB and OKB were measured, as well as SOD, MDA, induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in kidney were detected in different groups. The effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the kidney injury were observed.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the activity of SOD in peripheral blood, IKB, OKB and kidney decreased, and the content of MDA increased after 4 h ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion. The content of BUN in peripheral blood, NO in IKB, OKB and iNOS in kidney increased remarkably as well. SOD increased and MDA, NO, BUN, iNOS decreased significantly by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) before ischemia/reperfusion. The correlation analysis indicated that MDA was negatively correlated with SOD and positively correlated with NO, BUN.

CONCLUSIONOxygen free radicals metabolic confusion of kidney occurred in the course of I/R of limbs, IPC could strengthen the resistance of peroxidation in kidney and had protective effects on the kidney injury following with ischemia/reperfusion (I/ R) of limbs

Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Female ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Kidney ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; physiology ; Male ; Rabbits ; Renal Insufficiency ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of fire-needle therapy in treating deglutition disorders due to pseudobulbar palsy in the remission stage of stroke.Methods:Sixty-two eligible subjects were divided into a fire-needle group and a rehabilitation group by a simple randomization method at a ratio of 1:1.The two groups received same basic intervention;in addition,the fire-needle group received fire-needle treatment,while the rehabilitation group received rehabilitation training.The two groups of subjects all received a 3-week treatment and were evaluated by the dysphagia severity rating scale (DSRS),modified Mann assessment of swallow ability (MMASA) and Kubota Toshio swallow test (KTST) before and after the intervention.The complications and adverse events occurred during the trial were recorded.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:At the third week,the DSRS,MMASA and KTST scores changed significantly compared with the baseline in both groups (P＜0.05),and the changes in the fire-needle group were more significant than those in the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05).The between-group comparison at the third week showed that the therapeutic efficacy in the fire-needle group was superior to that in the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Fire-needle therapy can obviously change the DSRS,MMASA and KTST scores in pseudobulbar palsy in the remission stage of stroke,and significantly enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment of deglutition disorders in this stage.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint thread embedding plus Western medication in treating major epilepsy.Method Sixty epilepsy patients were randomized into a thread embedding group and a Western medication group, 30 cases each. The Western medication group was intervened by Western medication; the thread embedding group was given acupoint thread embedding based on the same Western medication treatment. Seizure frequency, seizure score, general efficacy and the improvement of adverse reactions due to Western medications were analyzed.Result Compared to the Western medication group, the thread embedding group was more effective in controlling seizure frequency (P<0.01), and reducing seizure score (P<0.05) and adverse reactions of Western medications (P<0.05); the general efficacy of the thread embedding group was superior to that of the Western medication group in treating epilepsy (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupoint thread embedding plus Western medication is effective in treating epilepsy, and is superior to the use of Western medication alone.

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the lung injury following with limbs ischemia /reperfusion (LI/R).

METHODSThe models of LI/R injury were constructed in rabbits. The blood from right external jugular vein and left common carotid artery, into and out-flowing pulmonary blood (IPB, OPB) respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) in IPB and OPB and lung tissues were measured, as well as total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lung tissues were detected in different groups. The effects of IPC on the lung injury were observed.

RESULTSCompared with sham and before ischemic, the activity of SOD decreased and the content of MDA and NO increased after 4 h ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion in IPB, OPB and lung tissues. The activity of tNOS and iNOS in lung tissues increased remarkably as well, there was statistical significance (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). SOD increased and MDA, NO, tNOS, iNOS decreased significantly by IPC before ischemia/reperfusion. The correlation analysis indicated that MDA was negatively correlated with SOD and was positively correlated with MDA, NO, iNOS (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOxygen free radicals metabolic confusion of lung occurred in the course of LI/R, IPC could strengthen the resistance of peroxidation in lung and had protective effects on the lung injury following with LI/R.

Animals ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Female ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Lipid Peroxidation ; physiology ; Lung Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEThe culture of human spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) has not been studied in detail yet. Here we tried to explore the optimized culture method of human SSC by using several different co-culture systems.

METHODSThe alpha6 +Thy-1 +c-kit- cells acquired by the immunomagnetic beads sorting technique were cultured in different co-culture systems. Their morphological, biological characteristics and survival rates were intensively observed by microscopic or immunocytochemical assay. The long-term survival rate of human SSC during culture period was evaluated by germ cell transplantation technique.

RESULTSThe alpha6 +Thy-1 +c-kit- cells could stably survive in the DMEM and DMEM/F12 mediums with fetal bovine serum (FBS) on feeder layer. The survival rates within 1 week were more than 90%. The long-time culture showed the cells were gradually attached on the surface of Sertoli cells by the manner of scattered single cell or accumulated masses. Part of the SSC became more tightly attachment with Sertoli cells or mounted among the Sertoli cells. They could survive or even proliferate for more than 3 months in vitro. Germ cells transplantation study showed that some alpha6 +Thy-1 +c-kit- cells labeled by PKH26 could resided on the basal membrane of seminiferous tubule of nude mice, appearing as single or coupled cells 2 months later after transplantation. The function evaluation of the cultured cells by counting the fluorescent cells in the seminiferous tubule showed 54.9% and 9.2% of SSC in the alpha6 +Thy-1 +c-kit- cells were still remained after cultured for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively.

CONCLUSIONHuman SSC could maintain survival in vitro for more than 3 months, but it was still need to seek for a more optimized and successful culture system for its efficient expansion and proliferation. Thus it will open up a wide prospect for the understanding of the biology of human SSC and the treatment of male sterility.

Adult ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Humans ; Male ; Sertoli Cells ; cytology ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effective mechanism of electroacupuncture for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

METHODSThe dynamic detection of chronobiology was used to test the event-related potentials in 20 healthy subjects and 20 CFS patients. P3a and P3b latencies at 4 equidistant time points (8:00, 14:00, 20:00, 2:00) within 24 hours were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS(1) Latency of P3a in CFS group was obviously prolonged at 14:00 compared to health group with statistical significance (P < 0.05), latency of P3b was decreased at 14:00 after electroacupuncture treatment with statistical significance compared to that of pre-treatment (P < 0.01). (2) There were obviously circadian rhythm in latency of P3a and P3b in health group (P < 0.05), which were not seen in CFS group (P > 0.05); the circadian rhythm latency of P3b restored after treatment (P < 0.05). (3) The latency acrophase of P3a and P3b pre-treatment obviously shifted backward compared to that of healthy subjects (P < 0.05), shifted forward after electroacupuncture treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe event-related potential circadian rhythms are lost in CFS patients. Electroacupuncture at Shenshu (BL 23) and Zusanli (ST 36) can regulate the circadian rhythm of P3a and P3b latency and improve the cognition of the patients in daytime.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Electroacupuncture ; Evoked Potentials ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the specific surface markers for the isolation and purification of human spermatogonial stem cells (SSC).

METHODSSpecific markers of human SSC were screened and identified in fetal and adult testes by immunohistochemical assay, using HSC markers c-kit, Thy-1 and human ES integrins.

RESULTSIn human adult testes, the alpha6 integrin extensively and significantly expressed on the surface of most of the germ cells in the seminiferous tubule, and beta1 integrin mainly expressed on the surface of the germ cells residing on or near the basal membrane in the seminiferous tubule. Thy-1 scattering expressed on the surface of some cells of the basal membrane, and on some Leydig cells as well. The three antigen markers expressed on the SSC of human adult testes specifically to some extent. SSEA-1 specifically expressed on the surface of the gonocytes in the fetal testes.

CONCLUSIONThe alpha6 and beta1 integrins and Thy-1 may be used for the SSC isolation as positive markers. SSEA-1 can be used as an identification marker for the fetus SSC.

Adult ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Cell Differentiation ; Fetus ; cytology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Integrin alpha6 ; analysis ; Integrin beta1 ; analysis ; Lewis X Antigen ; analysis ; Male ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Testis ; cytology ; Thy-1 Antigens ; analysis