Artemisinin is the antimalarial active ingredient, which is discovered by Chinese scientists in 1970s. The chemical structure of artemisinin is modified or altered to obtain a series of analogues to satisfy the medication requirements. According to the physicochemical properties of medicines and actual clinical necessities, the preparations of artemisinins are developed and the common preparations include tablet, suppository, injection, etc.. With the developing of technology, researchers have conducted a large number of studies on the artemisinins nanoparticles injection, transdermal drug delivery systems, mucosal drug delivery systems and etc. This article systematically collected and discussed the recent studies on the antimalarial preparations of artemisinins in line with different administration routes.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule and illuminate its substance foundation. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by LPLC and preparative HPLC from the 30% ethanol fraction of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule macroporous resin column chromatography. Their chemical structures were elucidated by the spectral analyses. Results: 18 compounds were isolated and identified as forsythoside A (1), forsythoside I (2), forsythoside H (3), lugrandoside (4), isolugrandoside (5), ferruginoside A (6), lianqiaoxinoside C (7), calceolarioside C (8), forsythoside E (9), ferruginoside B (10), D-amygdaloside (11), L-amygdaloside (12), sambunigrin (13), cornoside (14), 4-hydroxy-4-methylenecarbomethoxy-cyclohexa- 2,5-dienone (15), liriodendrin (16), liquiritigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (17), and 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (18). Conclusion: Compounds 2-8, 10, and 13-18 are isolated from Lianhua Qingwen Capsule for the first time, and compounds 4-6, 10, 15, and 16 are isolated from single herb in Lianhua Qingwen Capsule compound for the first time. The spectral data in DMSO-d6 solution of compound 8 are reported firstly with 2D NMR spectral data. The above results show the high polar chemical constitutions of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule, which provides more chemical information of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule.

Objective To study the effects of As_2O_3 on tumor model of hepatocarcinoma.Methods HepAgrafed hepatocarcinoma mouse model was established by subcutaneously injection of mouse hepatoma cells(1×10~6)into the oxter of mice.After treated by As_2O_3,the volume change of tumor and tumor inhibition rates were observed.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) was detected by immunohistochemical and calculated the difference of MVD.Results The volume of tumor and the tumor inhibition rates were significantly decreased in As_2O_3 group compared with control group(P<0.05).The As_2O_3 could inhibit angiogenesis of xenograft tumor,depress expression of VEGF and decrease microvascular density(MVD).Conclusion As_2O_3 can inhibit the growth of tumor,inhibit the expression of VEGF and decrease MVD.

Objective To evaluate the choices and surgical skills for tension-free femoral hernia repair under local anesthesia. Methods The clinical data of 109 nonincarcerated femoral hernia patients were summarized from December 2002 to December 2009. Patients were divided into 3 groups according the time period at which the surgery was performed. 85 patients from 2002 to 2008 were divided into 2 groups,45 cases treated with preperitoneal repair ( preperitoneal group), and the other 40 cases with mesh-plug repair (plug group). The 24 cases admitted from January 2009 to December 2009 received modified preperitoneal repair. Operation time, VAS, length of hospitalization, incidence of recurrence, foreign body feelings and seroma were compared among the three groups. Results All the 109 patients were repaired under local anesthesia, and there was no perioperative death. The statistical indicator value of incidence of recurrence, foreign body sensation and seroma in preperitoneal group was lower than plug group (P ＜0.05). The modified preperitoneal repair was better in operation time, VAS, length of hospitalization than preperitoneal group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Modified preperitoneal repair under local anesthesia is the choice for treating femoral hernia without incarceration. Modified preperitoneal repair is faster, more minimally invasive and faster recovery.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of posterior component separation (PCS) with Sublay mesh repair for complex abdominal incisional hernia.Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 30 patients with complex abdominal incisional hernia who were admitted to the Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital of Capital Medical University from July 2016 to March 2017 were collected.Patients intraoperatively received PCS with Sublay mesh repair.Observation indicators:(1) intra-and post-operative situations:defect area of incisional hernia,operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,time of postoperative drainage-tube removal,postoperative complications and duration of postoperative hospital stay;(2) follow-up situation.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect recurrence of hernia and mesh-related complications up to July 2017.Outpatient examination was done once at postoperative month 1,3 and 6 and telephone interview was done at 1 year postoperatively.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s and measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Results (1) Intra-and post-operative situations:30 patients received successful PCS with Sublay mesh repair for complex abdominal incisional hernia.Defect area of incisional hernia,operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss and time of postoperative drainage tube removal were respectively (222± 124)cm2,100 minutes (range,40-235 minutes),80 mL (range,50-200 mL) and 5 days (range,2-15 days).Of 7 patients with postoperative complications,3 were complicated with shallow surgical site infection,including 1 with wound healing by vacuum sealing drainage and 2 with delayed healing by debridement and drainage;2 with postoperative seroma were improved by aspiration and local pressurization after 1 months;1 with fat liquefaction of abdominal incision was improved by symptomatic treatment;1 with postoperative active hemorrhage was confirmed with arteriolar hemorrhage of muscular layer and then received hemostasis by ligation.Time of postoperative hospital stay of 30 patients was 15 days (range,10-57 days).(2) Follow-up situation:30 patients were followed up for (7± 3) months,without occurrences of hernia recurrence,intestinal fistula and mesh-related complications.Conclusion PCS with Sublay mesh repair for complex abdominal incisional hernia is safe and feasible,with good clinical efficacies.

Objective:To explore the expression pattern and function of miR-126 in human colon cancer and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods:hTe expression pattern of miR-126 in high-density human colon cancer tissue microarray was analyzed by in situ hybridization. Further more, the biological function of miR-126 in colon cancer in vitro was investigated by establishing a stable miR-126 over-expression cell lines.
Result:hTe expression of miR-126 was lower in the tumor tissue, especially in metastasis tissue. hTe down-regulation of miR-126 was more obvious in the patients who displayed bad prognosis (P=0.025). Over-expression of miR-126 in colon cancer cell was able to inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and reduce the invasive ability. MiR-126 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of the colon cancer cell to chemotherapeutic drug. It has been shown that IRS1, SLC75A and TOM1 were the potential target genes of miR-126 in colon cancer.
Conclusion:MiR-126 was able to inhibit the development of colon cancer and its level was closely related with the prognosis of patients with colon cancer. The potential target genes for miR-126 might include IRS1, SLC7A5 and TOM1. Therefore, miR-126 might be a therapeutic target for colon cancer diagnosis and treatment.

To evaluate in vitro release and transdermal behaviors of Huoxue Zhitong gel, modified Franz diffusion cell methods was applied to investigate in vitro transdermal absorption of Huoxue Zhitong gel and the content of paeonolan in receptor fluid composed of PEG400%-95% ethanol-water (l:3:6)were determined by HPLC. The results were processed and different equations were fitted. The release law were in accordance with Weibull equation and the fitting equation was In[-1/(1 - Q)] = -0.790 51nt - 1.7012 (r = 0.9809). In 8 hours, cumulative release of paeonol was 85. 18% and the release rate was 2.827 µg . cm-2 h-1. Transdermal actions were consistent with zero-level model fit and the fitting equation was Q(t) = 1.7579t + 0. 7213 (r = 0.9991). In 8 hours, cumulative transdermal rate and transmission rate of paeonol was 54. 85%, 1. 820 µg . cm-2 h-1. So the Huoxue Zhitong gel had a good release and transdermal properties.
Acetophenones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Gels ; Mice ; Skin Absorption

Objective To sum up the experience of performing a laparoscope-assisted hemiorrhaphy for huge ventral hernia through small incision.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 18 cases of huge ventral hernia admitted from Jan 2009 to Sept 2009 undergoing laparoscope- assisted hernia mpair through small incision.Data renewed including the operational duration,missed hernia,length of the incision,serumal cyst,the length of hospital stay,chronic pain and the recidivation.Results Surgery was successful in all of the 18 cases,the operational time was(129±19) main,the length of the incision was(5.6±1.0) cm.Missed hemia were identified in 3 cases during the operation.One case:suffered from postoperative serumal cyst,the postoperative length of hospital stay was(5.1±1.2) days,postoperative incisional pain lasting for more than 3 months was identified in 1 case,there was no incisional infection and nor injury to intraabdominal organs,there was no operative mortahty,all the cases were followed-up for(8.6 ±1.6)months and there was no recidivation.Conclusions The laparoscope hemia repair with the subsidiary of micro-incision is effective and safe,and it reshapes the abdominal wall.

We investigated the third-generation cephalosporins-resistant Shigella and its genotype in Ningbo,China,providing a basis for disease prevention and control.Pathogenic bacteria were analyzed by direct isolation combined with enrichment culture isolation.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by K-B disk diffusion method and PCR was used for detecting multidrug resistance genes like CTX-M,OXA,TEM and SHV.BLAST analysis was used to determine the genotype.Results showed that 69 strains of third-generation cephalosporins-resistant Shigella were detected by drug sensitivity screening,accounting for 74.19％ of ESBLs Shigella.Drug resistance gene CTX-M(CTM-M-1 and CTM-M-9),OXA and TEM were detected.The detection rate were 79.71％,79.01％ and 26.09％ respectively.With no CTX-M-2 and SHV,DNA sequence alignment showed CTX-M-1 group were mainly of CTX-M-15 type besides seven other types;CTX-M-9 group were mainly of CTX-M-14 type besides six other types;49 strains of OXA and 18 strains of TEM were sequenced to be type 1 (OXA-1 and TEM-1 type).The 21 Shigella strains carrying more than two drug resistance genes accounts for 30.43 ％.Shigella in Ningbo has high third-generation cephalosporins-resistance rate and many kinds of ESBLs enzymes were detected.The mainstream enzyme type was CTX-M,meanwhile they also carried a variety of drug resistance genes,which could bring difficulties to disease prevention and control.The high carrying rate of OXA-1 type suggests that we should pay more attention.The detection rate of group B was higher than that of group D,including not only the phenotype resistance but also the drug-resistance genes;these findings will be useful in the study of the drug resistance prevalence of Shigella.

Objective To evaluate preperitoneal tension-free herniorrhaphy for incarcerated and (or) strangulated inguinal hernia.Methods During Mar,2008 to Mar,2015,89 incarcerated and (or)strangulated hernia patients(incarcerated hernia group) and 1 741 primary inguinal hernia patients (elective group) underwent preperitoneal tension-free herniorrhaphy.Results The operation time (42 ± 8 min),length of stay (4.0 ± 2.6 d) and the time return to work (9.0 ± 3.3 d) in incarcerated hernia group were longer than in elective group of (38 ± 4 min),(3.0 ± 0.6 d) and (8.1 ± 2.5 d),respectively (all P ＜0.01).Blood loss [(10 ± 14 ml) vs (7 ±4 ml)] was compareble,P =0.148.There were 1 infection case and 20 seroma cases (22.5％) vs 5 infection cases and 187 seroma cases (12.7％) all P ＞0.05.Followup found hernia recurrence in one case in elective group.Conclusion Preperitoneal tension-free herniorrhaphy is safe and effective for the treatment of incarcerated and(or) strangulated hernia.