Objective To study the effects of As_2O_3 on tumor model of hepatocarcinoma.Methods HepAgrafed hepatocarcinoma mouse model was established by subcutaneously injection of mouse hepatoma cells(1×10~6)into the oxter of mice.After treated by As_2O_3,the volume change of tumor and tumor inhibition rates were observed.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) was detected by immunohistochemical and calculated the difference of MVD.Results The volume of tumor and the tumor inhibition rates were significantly decreased in As_2O_3 group compared with control group(P<0.05).The As_2O_3 could inhibit angiogenesis of xenograft tumor,depress expression of VEGF and decrease microvascular density(MVD).Conclusion As_2O_3 can inhibit the growth of tumor,inhibit the expression of VEGF and decrease MVD.

Acetates ; therapeutic use ; Acute Disease ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; prevention & control ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leukotriene Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Quinolines ; therapeutic use

This study was aimed to explore the antitumor effect of volatile oil of X ihuang pill and its immune mecha-nism in order to screen the antitumor active site of Xihuang pill. Among 70 female Wistar rats, 10 rats were random-ly selected as the blank control group; and the other 60 rats was used in the establishment of walker 256 breast can-cer cell tumor-bearing rat models. The model rats were randomly divided into the negative control group (model group), high-dose volatile oil group, middle-dose volatile oil group, low-dose volatile oil group, high-dose Xihuang pill group, and lentinan group (positive control group), with 10 rats in each group. The intragastric administration was given twice a day for 14 days. Blood was taken from the abdominal aorta. Tumor tissues was removed and weighed to calculate the tumor inhibitory rate. ELISA method was used to detect the level of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TGF-β in peripheral blood. The flow cytometry was used to detect the content of CD3+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and B7-1 cell (CD80). The results showed that the tumor inhibitory rates of volatile oil of high-dose group and middle-dose group were 28.4% and 24.1%, respectively. Compared with the model group, the average level of IL-2 and IFN-γ of volatile oil of high-dose group and middle-dose group and CD3+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B7-1 cell con-tent were obviously increased (P< 0.05). It was concluded that volatile oil of Xihuang pill had certain antitumor ef-fect, which was one of the antitumor active sites of Xihuang pill. The volatile oil of Xihuang pill upregulates the lev-els of IL-2 and IFN-γ, as well as the contents of CD3+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B7-1 cell in order to increase the im-mune clearance function of tumor-bearing rats.

Objective To isolate HIV-specific T cell clone and to expand them in vitro through the activation-induced expression of CD137 molecule.Methods The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from HIV-infected patients and HIV Gag specific CD3+CD8+CD137+T cell subset were sorted to 96-well plate in 1 cell/well by multicolor flowcytometry and single cell sorting.After 14 days in vitro culture with feeder cells and cytokines, the numbers and phenotypes of the cultured HIV-specific T cells were calcu-lated and identified.Results The CD137 expression was low on rested T cells but up regulated by the stim-ulation with Gag peptide pool.The CD8+CD137+T cells could secret IFN-γ.The number of CD8 T cells reached to 106 after 14 days in culture and expanded to 107-108 cells after 28 days of culture in vitro 100%of the cells remained activated upon Gag stimulation.Conclusion In stead of using IFN-γ, CD137 could be utilized as a novel molecule to isolate and expand HIV specific T cells in vitro.The expanded antigen spe-cific T cell clones could maintain good activation status.

ObjectiveTo discuss the application value of high frequency ultrasound (HFUS) characteristics, acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging technology and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of soft tissue hemangioma.MethodsTo retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 44 cases of soft tissue hemangioma that were treated in Capital Medical University Affiliate Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from August, 2013 to May, 2014, and to analyze the difference between the characteristics of HFUS, ARFI and CEUS in soft tissue hemangioma and normal surrounding tissue.ResultsHFUS shows the features of morphological diversity of sinus shape expansion tube structure, unclear boundary, irregular configuration, compressibility and partial strong echo in the phlebolith. Color Doppler ultrasound (CDFI), detects abundant interphase red-blue bloodstream signal slowly and consistently. The blood signal is strengthened after partial compression. CDFI shows more vein spectrum in the lesion. The discrepancy of comparison between VTQ and SWV value of soft tissue hemangioma and surrounding muscular tissue possesses statistical significance [(1.082±0.183) m/svs (1.414±0.331) m/s,P<0.01]. Ultrasound contrast can show the relationship between diseased region and surrounding tissue clearly, which is beneficial to the selection of operation method and prognosis.ConclusionThrough conventional two-dimensional ultrasound and high frequency CDFI, and further combining the acoustic pulse radiation ARFI technology and CEUS technology, the soft tissue hemangioma can’t only be more accurately diagnosed, but also provides more reliable diagnostic basis for clinic.

ObjectiveTo investigate the features of normal and psoriasis skin on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and explore the method of thickness measurement.MethodsUsing 50 MHz ultrasound probe of biological microscope, ultrasonographic observation and ultrasonic thickness measurement were conducted in 90 normal adults and 40 psoriasis patients. Innormal patients, ultrasound evaluations were performed at 10 different parts of the body skin.ResultsOn sonogram, the normal skin showed a “sandwich” structure with two parallel hyperechoic bands and the middle isoechoic dots and short liens. The sonograms of the psoriasis skin showed obviously thickened epidermis and dermis, disordered internal structure and clear boundary from adjacent normal skin. The range of the epidermis’ thickness measurement was between the medial forearm (0.12±0.03) mm and the palm (0.29±0.15) mm. The range of dermal thickness measurement was between the back hand (1.18±0.32) mm and parasternal (1.55±0.21) mm. Psoriasis skin was thicker than the uninvolved skin (P<0.001). And the dermis’ thickness of uninvolved skin in psoriasis patients was thicker than that of the normal adults (P<0.001).ConclusionNormal adult’s epidermis, dermis and skin appendages can be shown clearly using 50 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy. And ultrasound biomicroscopy canaccurately measure the thickness of dermis and epidermis, which provides the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.

Whether to select one-tailed test or two-tailed test,how to establish null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis,how to improve the test efficacy were elaborated,and the common problems encountered when hypothesis was applied in scientific papers were pointed out with examples.

Objective To investigate the role of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A),nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 ( Keapl ) in the tumorigenesis of colonic carcinoma.Methods The expressions of UGT1 A,Nrf2 and Keapl were detected in normal colonic mucosa(24 cases),adenoma tissue (30 cases) and adenocarcinoma tissue (77 cases) by immunohistochemistry,and the relationship between their expressions and the clinical pathological characteristics was analyzed.Results The positive rates of UGT1 A in normal colonic mucosa,adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissue were 83.3％ ( 20/24),80.0％ ( 24/30 ) and 53.2％ ( 41/77 ),respectively.The positive rate of UGT1A in adenocarcinoma was lower than those in colonic mucosa and adenoma ( all P ＜0.05 ).On the contrary,the positive rates of Nrf2 in adenoma [70.0％ (21/30) ] and adenocarcinoma tissue [ 87.0％ (67/77) ] were higher than that in normal colonic tissue [ 41.7％ (10/24),all P =0.000 ].The positive rates of Keapl in normal colonic mucosa,adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissue were 54.2％ ( 13/24),70.0％ (21/30) and 61.0％ (47/77),respectively ( normal colonic tissue vs adenocarcinoma tissue,P =0.040 ; adenoma vs adenocarcinoma,P =0.002 ).There was no correlation between the expression of UGT1 A,Nrf2 and the clinicopathologic features of colon carcinoma,while the differences of Keapl positive rates in the various degrees of tumor differentiation [ moderately-well differentiated vs poorly differentiated:70.0％ (35/50) vs 44.4％ (12/27) ] and invasion [T1-T2 vs T3-T4:78.8％ (26/33) vs 47.7％ (21/44) ]were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The decreased expression of UGT1A and the dysregulation of Nrf2/Keapl system may play a role in colonic tumorigenesis.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) treating for Ⅲand Ⅳ degree hemorrhoid under the local anesthesia.Methods One hundred and fifty patients with Ⅲ and Ⅳ degree hemorrhoid were divided into two groups randomly.One group was the local anesthesia group (LA group) which included 73 cases,the other one was the combined spinal epidural anesthesia group (CSE group) which included 77 cases.Compared the safety and efficacy of different procedure.Results The original symptom of the two groups were improved.There was a significant difference in the time of hospitalization time and the hospitalization expense between the two groups (P＜0.05).The LA group was(4.8±1.1)days with(3980±639)yuan,and the CSE group was(6.8±1.1) days with(5128±728)yuan.The rates of two groups of urine retention were 9.6% and 24.7% (P＜0.05) after the operation respectively,and there were no significant differences in recovery normal activity time,the pain index,copracrasia and pruritus,the bleed,the anal fistula,the prolapse of hemorrhoid,the skin tag (P ＞0.05).Conclusion PPH under the local anesthesia is safe,compare to the combined spinal epidural anesthesia,it excels in shortening the hospitalization time and reducing the hospitalization expense,also it can reduce significantly the rate of urine retention after operation.

Objective To construct the pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac plasmid and transfect human breast cancer MDA-MB-435 cells,and to observe its radiotherapy enhancing effect on tumor cells.Methods The empty vector pshuttle and pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac plasmid were transfected into MDA-MB-435 cells by liposomal.At different time(4,8,12,24 and 48 h)after irradiation with 2.0 Gy X-ray and 24 h after irradiation with 0.5 -5.0 Gy,the total RNA and protein were collected and extracted from these cells to analyze the Smac mRNA and protein expression levels with RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. The cells were divided into control, pshuttle, pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac,2.0 Gy irradiation group, pshuttle + 2.0 Gy irradiation and pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac+2.0 Gy irradiation groups.MTT method was used to evaluate cell proliferation,and the cell survival ability was measured with clone formation assay;Annexin Ⅴ/PI double staining and PI single staining were used to examine the apoptosis and cell cycle of MDA-MB-435 cells. Results There was no Smac mRNA expression in MDA-MB-435 cells in control and pshuttle groups,but the Smac mRNA expression levels in MDA-MB-435 cells in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac plasmid group were gradually increased with the time prolongation, and reached the maximum at 24 and 48 h;the Smac mRNA expression levels in MDA-MB-435 cells were increased gradually 24 h after irradiation of 0.5 - 5.0 Gy X-ray with the increasing of irradiation doses, and reached the maximum after 2.0 and 5.0 Gy irradiation. The Smac protein expression levels in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac plasmid group were increased gradually with the time prolongation,and reached the maximum at 24 h.The Smac protein expression lervels were increased 24 h afer irradiation of 0,0.5,1.0,2.0 and 5.0 Gy X-ray,especially in 5.0 Gy group. The MTT results showed that the A490 values in 2.0 Gy,pshuttle+2.0 Gy and pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac groups 24, 48,and 72 h after irradiation were lower than those in control group(P<0.01);the A490 values of MDA-MB-435 cells in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac group after 1.0-5.0 Gy X-ray irradiation were lower than those in 0 Gy group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the survival fraction(SF)in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac group was lower than those in control group (P<0.01).The percentages of the cells at G0/G1 and S phase in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac group were lower than those in 2.0 Gy group(P<0.01),the percentage of the cells at G2/M phase was higher than that in 2.0 Gy group (P<0.01);the apoptotic rate of the cells in pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac group was higher than that in 2.0 Gy group (P<0.01).Conclusion X-ray irradiation can significantly increase the Smac mRNA and protein expression levels in MDA-MB-435 cells transfected with pshuttle-Egr-1-hSmac plasmid,inhibit the cell survival rate,and induce G2/M arrest and apoptotic increasing;Smac gene combined with radiotherapy could significantly increase the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells.