The 8 kDa antigenic protein of Clonorchis sinensis was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and subsequently by a column chromatographic steps. The purified protein was separated into 7 and 8 kDa protein bands through SDS-tricine gel electrophoresis, while the protein was found to migrate to a 8 kDa band in 7.5-15% SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the antigen was estimated to be 110 kDa by Superose 6 HR 10/30 gel filtration. The purified antigen strongly reacted with the human sera of clonorchiasis. The hyperimmune sera of BALB/c mice immunized against the 8 kDa protein were reacted with both the crude extract and the excretory-secretory product of adult worms, but not with the metacercarial extract. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the protein was distributed to the tegument and subtegumental cells and also to the seminal receptacle. The present findings suggest that the 8 kDa protein is a partition of the multicomplex protein originating from various organs of adult C. sinensis, and that it is composed of several 7 and 8 kDa proteins.
Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Clonorchiasis/immunology ; Clonorchis sinensis/anatomy & histology/*immunology/metabolism ; Helminth Proteins/immunology/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Human ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Weight ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between dietary habits and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Cantonese women.

METHDSThis a cross-sectional study included 571 pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose challenge test at the 24th to 28th gestational week. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used by three dieticians to evaluate all the subjects' dietary habits.

RESULTS13% of the investigated subjects were identified to have GDM (GDM⁺). No significant differences were found between the GDM⁺ and GDM⁻ groups in the intake of energy, macronutrients, fibers, or cholesterol. The amount of low- and middle-GI fruits consumed daily in the two groups was not statistically different, but the GDM⁺ subjects reported a significantly greater amount of high-GI fruit intake as well as energy-dense foods than the GDM⁻ subjects (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that increased consumption of energy-dense snack foods and high glycemic-index fruits were strongly associated with the risk of GDM.

CONCLUSIONLocal dietary composition (high-GI fruit and energy-dense foods) is closely related to the risk of GDM in Cantonese women, for whom intensive health education of dietary behavior is needed to control GDM.

China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes, Gestational ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective:To describe the characteristics of genotype and phenotype in 3 families with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) due to RS1 mutations. Methods:A cross-sectional approach was adopted.Three XLRS families at the Ningxia Eye Hospital from October 2017 to March 2019 were included.Clinical data and peripheral blood of patients and related families were collected and clinically staged were formulated through a comprehensive eye examination.The disease-causing genes screened by panel sequencing underwent conservative analysis, pathogenicity analysis and protein structure prediction by software tools.Analysis of the mutations pathogenicity was performed according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.The research was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and followed the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from each participant.Results:Total 5 young male patients and 1 middle-aged patient in these three families.The optical coherence tomography(OCT) findings of 5 young patients showed typical macular retinoschisis, which were characterized by stage I of XLRS.One middle-aged patient (Ⅱ-9) showed a stage Ⅲ lesion of macular atrophy.The mutations of c. 668G>A, c.618G>A and exon 1 deletion in RS1 gene were found in the three families.C223 and W206 were verified to be highly conserved in mammals and were predicted to be pathogenic mutations by software and the change of protein structure.Conservation analysis and prediction of protein structure were not performed for the mutation of exon 1 deletion.All the mutations were pathogenic variants according to the ACGM guidelines. Conclusions:Mutations of c. 668G>A/p.C223Y, c.618G>A/p.W206X and exon 1 deletion in RS1 gene are pathogenic mutations in Chinese XLRS families.The combination of Panel sequencing with pathogenicity analysis and protein structure prediction have important effect to diagnosis and identify the causative genes for the hereditary retinal diseases.

Aplastic anemia(AA) is characterized by severe pancytopenia. The clinical features of bone marrow failure syndrome are closely related to viral infection, environment toxin, genetic and acquired gene mutation. Aplastic anemia is a historic disease that often occurred in young people, which was fatal to patients. However, here are many methods can treat and cure this fatal disease. Pathological and physiological studies have important guiding significance for the treatment of aplastic anemia. The diagnosis and treatment of current situation and prospect of aplastic anemia are reviewed in this article.

Neurexin-3α, discovered in 2016, is a new type of autoimmune encephalitis antibody. Anti-neurexin-3α antibody-associated encephalitis is generally associated with prodromal symptoms or mood changes, having main clinical manifestations as seizures, memory disorders, confusion or loss of consciousness, central ventilation insufficiency, abnormal behavior, and speech disorders. This paper reviews the relevant research progress at home and abroad about pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of anti-neurexin-3α antibody-associated encephalitis, so as to expand the understanding of clinicians for this disease.