Objective:To investigate the protective effect of punicalagin in LPS induced ALI.Methods: ALI mice model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LSP(20 mg/kg bodyweight) to induce acute lung injury in mice.A total of 60 mice were divided into 6 groups,10 rats in each group:normal control group,LPS group,LPS+punicalagin group (10,20,40 mg/kg bodyweight),LPS+dexamethasone group.2 h before LPS injection,punicalagin and dexamethasone were intraperitoneal injection in mice,and then by intra-peritoneal injection of a lethal dose of LPS, normal control group mice were given intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of PBS.HE staining,observed the lung tissue of mice in the different treatment conditions of the pathological changes and the degree of lung injury,weighted the wet lung and dry lung of the mice respectively, observed degree of pulmonary edema in mice, inspect MPO activity of lung homogenate, analyzed the activation and infiltration of polymorphonuclear, counted the total number of cells and the number of inflammatory cells in alveolar lavage fluid, detected the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with ELISA,and analyzed the impact of punicalagin on inflammation of lung tissue.Results: HE staining of lung tissue in mice and found that the LPS-induced lung inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial edema and pulmonary parenchymal damage were significantly reduced.Different dose of punicalagin could significantly reduce the lung wet/dry lung weight ratio of ALI in mice ( P<0.05).Punicalagin ALI could reduce lung tissue caused exudation,edema.The different doses of punicalagin could significantly reduce the inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,the sum of the number of neutrophils and macrophages (P<0.05).Punicalagin could significantly reduce the concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage cytokines IL-6,IL-12,TNF-αand IL-1β(P<0.05).The MPO activity was detected that punicalagin reduce neutrophil infiltration induced by LPS in the lung tissue.Conclusion: Punicalagin has protective effects on LPS induced acute lung injury.

Objective To investigate the micro-anatomical approach to resect both intracranial and extracranial jugular foramen tumors in one-stage. Methods With the aid of surgical microscope, fifteen cadaver heads were used to study the microsurgical anatomy of high cervical part and jugular foramen, measure relative data. Results Detailed dissection was performed on high cervical part between the 1st cervical vertebra and the 4th cervical vertebra, resect foramen processus transversi of the 1st cervical vertebra, free vertebral artery 2nd and 1st cervical vertebra segment and horizontal segment. The jugular tubercle, jugular tunisia and part of the occipital condylus was drilled away as much as possible, total exposure of lateral semicircular canal was completed after the removal of the mastoid revealed labyrinthinem. Then the sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb were skeletonized. The vertical of segment of facial nerve was fully skeletonized to study the necessity of the facial nerve translocation. Full exposure to the sigmoid sinus, open jugular foramen. JF areas expanded, and the measured parameters revealed. The distance was (29.65 ± 3.24)mm from mastoidalec to oncentrated focus of condyle (10.18 ± 0.81)mm from hinder margin of condyle to endostoma of hypoglossal canal. The left distance was (6.8 ± 0.35)mm from jugular foramen to perpendicular part of facial nerve, right was (4.6 ± 0.33)mm. Conclusions Total exposure of JF can be achieved through the approach we described, and will enable the facial nerve, cochlea, and the structure of the vertebral artery to be performed. Both intracranial and extracranial tumors can be removed in a one-stage procedure related to anatomical parameters. Improve the cure, reduce complication and lower mortality.

In this paper the background and advances of stem cell technique in stomatology were reviewed, especially the lately research of repair of maxillofacial defects with bone marrow stem cells, repair or reconstitution of teeth with dental pulp stem cells and repair of other tissues such as parotid with embryonic stem cell. Stem cell technique provides a new choice and extensive prospect of application for stomatology, therefore, deserves further research.
Oral Medicine ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cells ; cytology

In order to identify rat ovarian germ cells, we expressed and purified rat RVLG protein in Escherichia coli cells and prepared a mouse anti-rat RVLG polyclonal antibody. The rat RVLG cDNA was obtained from rat testicle tissue by RT-PCR and was cloned into the vector pMD19-T. Sequence analysis proves that the cloned RVLG cDNA fragment was 60 bp longer than that released in the GenBank (NM_001077647), resulting from an alternative splicing of the RVLG pre-mRNA. The RVLG cDNA was double digested with the restriction endonucleases BamH I and EcoR I, and then was extracted from gel and inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T-1. The recombinant expression plasmid pGEX-RVLG was verified for successful construction and then was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) for induction to express the GST-RVLG fusion protein by IPTG. The GST-RVLG fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) at a high level which accounts for more than 10% of the total bacterial cellular protein. The purified RVLG protein was used as an antigen to immunize KM mouse for the production of polyclonal antibody in ascetic fluid followed by celiacly injecting the mouse with S180 cells. The mouse anti-rat RVLG antibody was analyzed by ELISA, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry for its specificity and titer. The antibody could recognize RVLG protein specifically and its titer was about 1:20 000. These results confirm that the mouse anti-rat RVLG polyclonal antibody with high affinity and specificity has been prepared successfully, and lay a foundation for our ongoing research on the specific expression of RVLG in rat ovary.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; DNA, Complementary ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovary ; cytology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

The ongoing development of high-throughput sequencing technology and continuous decline of sequencing cost have made it possible to carry out large-scale screening for genetic diseases, which are the main component of birth defects. The screening of genetic diseases is expected to significantly reduce the rate of birth defects and the burden of genetic diseases to the affected families and the society. Taking Down syndrome as an example, through the analysis of the cost-benefit ratio of relevant screening programs, this article has summarized the socio-economic indicators to be considered during the design and development of genetic disease screening.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Down Syndrome/genetics* ; Genetic Testing ; Humans

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of allopurinol in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.Methods:The databases of Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane library were searched for randomized controlled trials of allopurinol in patients with chronic kidney disease. According to the Cochrane system evaluation method, two evaluators independently screened the literature and extracted the data, and analyzed the results with Revman 5.3 software.Results:Finally, 10 articles were included, including 940 patients (472 in the experimental group and 468 in the control group). Meta analysis showed that allopurinol treatment could reduce blood uric acid ( MD=-2.40, 95% CI: -2.74--2.05, P<0.01), 24-hour urinary protein ( MD=-0.61, 95% CI: -1.17--0.06, P=0.03) and increase estimation of glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) ( MD=2.51, 95% CI: 1.86-3.17, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in adverse events between the experimental group and the control group ( OR=1.40, 95% CI: 0.61-3.19, P=0.42), but allopurinol treatment could reduce the risk of cardiovascular events ( OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.89, P=0.01). Conclusions:Allopurinol treatment of chronic kidney disease can reduce urinary protein, improve eGFR, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Objective:To investigate the differences of clinical data and pathological changes in patients with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) with different blood types.Methods:The clinical and pathological data of patients with primary IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy in the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from May 2016 to May 2021 were collected. They were divided into groups A, O, B and AB according to blood group. The clinical manifestations and pathological changes of the four groups during renal biopsy were analyzed.Results:A total of 258 patients with primary IgAN were included, including 87 cases of type A, 74 cases of type O, 72 cases of type B and 25 cases of type AB. The male to female ratio was 1.34∶1, and the median age was 36 (29, 47) years old. There was no significant difference in age, sex, blood pressure, hemoglobin and renal function among the four groups (all P>0.05). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in patients with type A and B was higher than other groups (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in mesangial cell hyperplasia (M), capillary cell hyperplasia (E), glomerular segmental sclerosis (S), renal tubule atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T), crescent body (C) lesions and proportion of sclerosed glomeruli among the four groups (all P>0.05). Subgroup analysis by gender showed that the hemoglobin, uric acid and creatinine of male patients were higher than those of female patients (all P<0.05), but the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary protein had no statistical significance (all P>0.05). Women with blood type A and O were heavier than men under microscope. The pathological manifestations of M, E, S and C lesions in women with type A blood were heavier than those in men, and S and T lesions in men with type B blood were heavier than those in women. There was no significant difference in the general baseline data, inflammation and kidney indexes between the four groups of men and women (all P>0.05). Pathologically, the M lesions of men with B blood group were more severe than those of other blood groups, while the S and T lesions of women with B blood group were less severe than those of other blood groups. Conclusions:The clinical and pathological manifestations of IgAN women with type A are heavier, the pathological manifestations of IgAN women with type B are lighter, but the pathological lesions of IgAN men with type B are heavier.

Objective: To compare the surgical accuracy of the 3D printing surgical guide and traditional occlusal splint in the treatment of skeletal facial asymmetry cases. Methods: 12 facial asymmetric patients underwent joint orthognathic and orthodontics treatments were included in this research. In the 3D printing group (n=6) the pre-surgical CT scan for the skeleton and laser scan for the dentures were performed and 3D orthognathic procedures including Le FortⅠ and BSSRO combined with genioplasty were planned. The 3D printing surgical guides were manufactured and applied during surgeries. Another 6 cases were received same procedures by traditional occlusal splint techniques as the control group. Post-surgical CT reconstruction and 3D superimposition with pre-surgical planning was carried out for outcome comparison. Results: The maximal error of maxillar was 0.65 mm and average error was less than 1 mm in 3D printing group, while the maxillary maximal error was 2.11 mm and average error was greater than 1 mm in traditional group which showed the statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions The usage of 3D printing surgical guide could improve the orthognathic surgical precision by controlling the jaw bone in a three-dimensional way.

Objective To develop and validate a new genioplasty templates system for monoblock osseous genioplasty.Methods Thirty-six patients with chin deformities were enrolled in this study.The chin template system included a cutting guide and a repositioning guide for a genioplasty.Chin templates were designed in a computer and fabricated using a three-dimensional printing technique.The accuracy of the genioplasty templates were assessed by comparing the actual postoperative outcomes with the virtual plan.Results All genioplasty was successfully completed by the template system.The largest linear rootmean-square deviation(RMSD) between the planned and the postoperative chin segments was 1.16 mm and the largest angular RMSD was 3.06°.Conclusions The results showed that the chin template system provides a reliable method for transfer of genioplasty planning.The operation precision of the genioplasty can be improved by using the surgical templates system.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become an indispensable weapon against high-risk resectable cancers, which benefits from tumor downstaging. However, the utility of chemotherapeutics alone as a neoadjuvant agent is incapable of generating durable therapeutic benefits to prevent postsurgical tumor metastasis and recurrence. Herein, a tactical nanomissile (TALE), equipped with a guidance system (PD-L1 monoclonal antibody), ammunition (mitoxantrone, Mit), and projectile bodies (tertiary amines modified azobenzene derivatives), is designed as a neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy setting, which aims at targeting tumor cells, and fast-releasing Mit owing to the intracellular azoreductase, thereby inducing immunogenic tumor cells death, and forming an in situ tumor vaccine containing damage-associated molecular patterns and multiple tumor antigen epitopes to mobilize the immune system. The formed in situ tumor vaccine can recruit and activate antigen-presenting cells, and ultimately increase the infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells while reversing the immunosuppression microenvironment. Moreover, this approach provokes a robust systemic immune response and immunological memory, as evidenced by preventing 83.3% of mice from postsurgical metastasis or recurrence in the B16-F10 tumor mouse model. Collectively, our results highlight the potential of TALE as a neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy paradigm that can not only debulk tumors but generate a long-term immunosurveillance to maximize the durable benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.