Objective To investigate the clinical characterastics of uremia pruritus and the value of treatment by bacillus coagulans. Methods The clinical data of 312 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were collected. The incidence rate, clinical manifestation and correlation factors of uremia pruritus were analyzed. Then, 40 refractory pruritus patients were divides into 2 groups by random digits table, with 20 patients in each group. The patients in experiment group were treated by bacillus coagulans, and the patients in control group were given vitamin E. The relieve of pruritus in two groups was compared. Results In 312 patients, 158 patients didn′t have pruritus, 56 patients had mild pruritus, 68 patients had moderate pruritus , and 30 patients had severe pruritus. The levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, ferroprotein in different degree of pruritus patients had no significant differences (P>0.05), but the levels of phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 increased with the severity of pruritus (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of CRP, IL-6, iPTH were risk factors for pruritus (P<0.01 or <0.05). The VAS scores of moderate and severe pruritus patients in experiment group after treatment were significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-1 and IL-6 before and after treatment in control group had no significant differences (P>0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-1 and IL-6 after treatment in experiment group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The rate of pruritus was very high , and there was markedly positive correlation between pruritus and serium inorganic phosphorus、iPTH and CRP. Bacillus coagulans can alleviate pruritus. Conclusions On the basis of maintenance hemodialysis, bacillus coagulans can regulate the intestinal flora, alleviate inflammatory reaction, and help to release the symptom of pruritus.

Objective To determine the changes in serum and urine vitamin D binding protein ( VDBP) concentrations in type 2 diabetes, and to explore the clinical significance. Methods The serum and urine VDBP concentrations in 102 healthy individuals and 106 type 2 diabetic patients were determined by ELISA. For analysis and comparison, 106 type 2 diabetic patients were divided into imperfect glycemic control subgroup and perfect glycemic control subgroup, microalbuminuria subgroup and normal albuminuria subgroup. Results The cut-off point of serum VDBP concentrations was 60. 6 μg/ ml and the cut-off point of the urine ratio of VDBP and creatinine was 7. 76 mg/ g, and both were determined according to the upper limit of 97. 5 % credit intervals in 110 healthy individuals. Serum VDBP concentration and the urine ratio of VDBP to creatinine in type 2 diabetic patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy individuals ( P < 0. 01 ), the imperfect glycemic control subgroup had higher serum VDBP concentrations and the urine ratio of VDBP to creatinine than those in the perfect glycemic control subgroup ( P <0. 05). The microalbuminuria subgroup had higher urine ratio of VDBP to creatinine than that in the normal albuminuria subgroup ( P<0. 01). Urine ratio of VDBP to creatinine in diagnosing early diabetic nephropathy had sensitivity of 96. 4 % , specificity of 68 % , and concordance of 83% . Conclusion Detection of serum VDBP levels has some reference value in understanding the state of diabetes. Combined determinations of urine ratio of VDBP to creatinine and ratio of albumin to creatinine have significant clinical value in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of acute oxidative stress induced by H2O2 on expression of senescence marker protein30 (SMP30) and morphology,survival rate of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs).Methods HLECs were treated with H2O2(0 μmol · L-1,100 μmol · L-1,200 μmol · L-1,300 μmol · L-1) for 24 hours,the acute oxidative stress models were established,the changes of cell morphology was observed,and MTT was used to analyze the cells state,the expressions of SMP30 were measured by Western blot.Results The cell density decreased,morphological changed and viability of cells significant decreased in 100 μmol · L-1 and 200 μmol ·L-1 treated group,the large and round cells appeared,the cell body stretched with unclear boundary.With the H2O2 concentration increased,the viability of cells were gradually decreased in treated group,there were statistical differences compared with 0 μmol · L-1 treated group (all P ＜ 0.05).The relative expression of SMP30 in control group and 100 μmol · L-1 and 200 μmol · L-1 treated group were 0.273 ±0.055,0.464 ± 0.058,0.442 ± 0.050,respectively.There were significant differences between 100 μmol · L-1,200 μmol · L-1 treated group and control group (all P ＜ 0.05),and there was no statistical difference between 100 μmol · L-1 and 200 μmol · L-1 treated group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion SMP30 is up-regulated in HLECs under acute oxidative stress induced by H2O2,the cell morphology is changed,the viability of cells is decreased,and SMP30 may be involved in the process of acute oxidative stress in HLECs.

This paper was designed to study metabonomic characters of the osteoporosis induced by high dose of hydrocortisone and the protective effects of Drynariae Rhizoma, which can replenish the kidney and strengthen the bones. A urinary metabonomics method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed. Clear separation of healthy control group, model group and treatment group was achieved by using the principal components analysis (PCA) and 9 significantly changed metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers of osteoporosis. Compared with the health control group, the model group rats showed lower levels of creatinine, citric acid, azelaic acid, hippurate, tryptophan and indoxyl sulfate together with higher levels of phenylalanine, cresol sulfate and phenaceturic acid. These changes in urinary metabolites suggest that the disorders of amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, gut microflora and anti-oxidative damage are related to osteoporosis induced by high dose of hydrocortisone and the potential effect of Drynariae Rhizoma on all the four metabolic pathways.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Osteoporosis ; prevention & control ; urine ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Polypodiaceae ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Dental resin composites (DRCs) are popular materials for repairing caries or dental defect, requiring excellent properties to cope with the complex oral environment. Filler/resin interface interaction has a significant impact on the physicochemical/biological properties and service life of DRCs. Various chemical and physical modification methods on filler/resin interface have been introduced and studied, and the physical micromechanical interlocking caused by the modification of fillers morphology and structure is a promising method. This paper firstly introduces the composition and development of DRCs, then reviews the chemical and physical modification methods of the filler/resin interface, mainly discusses the interface micromechanical interlocking structures and their enhancement mechanism for DRCs, finally give a summary on the existing problems and development potential.
Composite Resins/chemistry* ; Surface Properties ; Materials Testing