To identify Taenia cestodes from 6 regions of Yunnan province by PCR and sequencing of mtCOXⅠfragment. the genomic DNA of Taenia cestodes was extracted from proglottid collected in 6 region of Yunnan province, and mtCOXⅠ gene fragments were amplified by PCR, and then sequenced. The genomic distance and phylogenetic tree were constructed in comparison with other known mtCOXⅠgene sequences of T.solium , T.saginata and T. asiatica in GenBank using DNA MAN software. Through distance matrix,it was found that the homologie of NJ4, NJ1 and DQ2 was 99.8%, DL4 and NJ3 homologie was 99.5%, NJ2 and DQ3 homologie was 98.8%; the homologie of DL3 and BZ3 was 98.3%, while the homologie was 96.0% with BZ2; The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that 10 Taenia cestodes including NJ1-4, DL2-3and DQ1-3 occupied one brance with BZ3. BN1, CX1, LC1 and BZ2 occupied one brance, then two brance occupied and occupied with other one which was occupied by DL1 and BZ1. Taenia cestodes from Nujiang and Diqing were T. asiatica. Taenia cestodes from XiShangbanna,Lincang and Chuxiong were T.saginata.Taenia cestodes from Dali were T.solium or T.asiatica.Because same species have no difference from different regions. mtCOXⅠfragment sequencing is valid for tapeworms identification.

Objective To understand the genotypes of hepatitis C virus(HCV) and the genetic evolution and molecular characteristics of the predominant genotypes (6n and 3a) currently circulating in the Dali,Yunnan province.Methods From January to May 2014,sera were collected from patients with HCV infection in the First People' s Hospital of Dali.RNA was extracted from the serum samples,which were analyzed using RT-PCR with 5'UTR and E1/E2 primers.The RNA was sequenced,and sequence analysis was performed using bioinformatics software.Results Of 24 serum specimens from patients suspected of infection with HCV,21 were confirmed positive for HCV by RT-PCR with HCV 5UTRspecific primer,of which 15 were HCV genotype 3 (4 cases of 3a and 11 cases of 3b) and 6 were HCV genotype 6 (4 cases of 6k and 2 cases of6n).The homology of the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of E1/E2 gene between isolate 4 and genotype 3a were up to 87.98％ ± 3.07and 87.97％ ± 2.82.The homology of the nucleotide sequence and aminoacid sequence between isolate 10 and genotype 6n were up to 90.30 ± 1.87 and 90.54 ± 1.53.There were 10 potential glycosylation sites on both of E1/E2 gene of two isolates HCV isolates.Only the predicted value of 5 T cell epitopes of 4 and 10 increasedor decreased because of amino acid mutations.The rest of predicted value of epitope slightly changed.Conclusion HCV genotype 3 (3a and 3b) and genotype 6 (6k and 6n) were the predoniuant geuotypes or subtypes currently circulating in the Dali,Yunnan province.The virulence and immunological characteristics of HCV 3a and 6n did not change significantly.