AIMTo investigate effect and mechanism of vasonatrin peptide (VNP) on Ca2+ activated K+ channels (K(Ca)) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from rat mesentery arteries.

METHODSChanges of K(Ca) induced by VNP were measured by the means of whole cell recording mode of patch clamp, furthermore effects of HS-142-1(0.3 g/L), 8-Br-cGMP and methylene blue (MB) were observed.

RESULTSK(Ca) was significantly enhanced by VNP (10(-6) mol/L), which was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP(10(-3) mol/L) and blocked completely by HS-142-1 or MB (2 x 10(-5) mol/L).

CONCLUSIONVNP increases K(Ca) of VSMCs isolated from rat mesenteric arteries, by binding with natriuretic peptide guanylate cyclase-coupled receptors and increasing the intracellular level of cGMP in VSMCs.

Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mesenteric Arteries ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; metabolism ; physiology ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment and prevention of infection after alveolar crest onlay bone graft.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to May 2010, 11 infection cases after onlay graft on alveolar crest were reviewed to evaluate the infection time, clinical situation, treatment measure, and therapeutic effect.

RESULTSThe infection of all 11 cases occurred about 15 days after bone graft, which showed either soft tissue fistulae or bone graft exposure in the oral cavity. Three cases failed because of persistent infection. The infection of the other 8 cases was controlled after a series of comprehensive therapy, and most of the bone graft was reserved and implant restoration finally completed.

CONCLUSIONSAfter the effective and comprehensive therapy, infected bone graft can be reserved. But to ensure the survival rate of bone graft, the most important thing is to prevent infection in perioperative period.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; Bone Transplantation ; Dental Implants ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infection ; Inlays ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND:Autologous platelet rich plasma and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have certain effects on bone repair,but there are rare reports on the clinical treatment of long shaft fracture bone nonunion using autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on long shaft fracture bone nonunion.METHODS:Forty-seven patients with long shaft fracture bone nonunion were randomly divided into two groups:monotherapy group (n=22) and combination group (n=25).In the monotherapy group,autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation was performed in the bone nonunion site.In the combination group,autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation was implemented in the bone nonunion site.Callus score,clinical healing time,local complications and limb function grade were recorded and compared between the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The healing properties and limb function in the combination group were significantly superior to those in the monotherapy group [healing time:(4.2±1.5) vs.(5.6±1.1) months,P ＜ 0.05;healing rate:92％ vs.86％,P ＜ 0.05;callus score:2.74±0.36 vs.2.32±0.53,P ＜ 0.05;limb function recovery rate:77％ vs.84％,P ＜ 0.05].Complications like local skin redness or infection were not found in the two groups.In conclusion,both of the two methods can promote bone healing,but autologous platelet rich plasma combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation has a better clinical effect on bone healing.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of green tea in decreasing the risks of gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer among alcohol drinkers or cigarette smokers.

METHODSA population based case-control study was conducted in Taixing, Jiangsu province.

RESULTSIn Taixing city, identified cases of stomach, liver and esophageal cancers were chosen with informed consent. The numbers were 206, 204, 218 respectively. Controls were chosen from normal population having lived in the area for longer than 10 years, also with informed consent. Green tea drinking seemed to have decreased 81%, 78%, 39% risk for the development of gastric cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer among alcohol drinkers. It might also have decreased 16%, 43%, 31% on the risks of developing the three kinds of cancers among cigarette smokers. Interaction assessment showed that drinking green tea could significantly decrease the risk of gastric cancer and liver cancer among alcohol drinkers, with ORs of interaction item 0.23 (95% CI: 0.10 - 0.55) and 0.25 (95% CI: 0.11 - 0.57) respectively.

CONCLUSIONHabit of drinking green tea seemed to have significant protective effects on the development of both gastric and liver cancer among alcohol drinkers while, green tea also having some protective effect on esophageal cancer among alcohol drinkers and on three kinds of cancers among cigarette smokers.

Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; etiology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenols ; administration & dosage ; Polyphenols ; Risk ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Tea ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo assess the protective effect of drinking green tea on the development of gastric, liver and esophageal cancers.

METHODSA population based study was conducted in Taixing, Jiangsu province, including 206, 204, 218 cases, respectively, and 415 population controls.

RESULTSGreen tea decreased the development of gastric cancer risk by 40%. Dose-response relationships were observed between the length of time, concentration and quantity of green tea drinking and its protective effects on gastric cancer. For individuals who drink green tea for more than 250 g per month, the risk of gastric cancer reduced about 60%. Green tea might have protective effect on liver cancer. However, no protective effect of green tea was observed on esophageal cancer.

CONCLUSIONGreen tea drinking might be a protective factor for gastric cancer. However, the protective effects of green tea on liver and esophageal cancer were not obvious.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Stomach Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Tea ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo understand the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) and to provide evidence for the development of control strategy.

METHODSApproaches including epidemiology, immunology and field survey were applied to investigate the potential risk factors which would involve the importation of infectious resources live mobile and migrant population, and livestock in the reservoir area. Meanwhile, observation on survival and reproductive status of snail under simulation habitats was also carried out, using ecological methods on snails. Strategy in preventing the spread of snail as infectious resources was also provided.

RESULTS175 mobile people from schistosomaisis endemic area of were tested and one person showed immunology tests positive with indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) and circumoral precipitin test (COPT), with a positive rate of 0.57%. Through the two-year period under observation, data showed that the snails with ribbon/smooth shells could survive and reproduce under habitats of simulation.

CONCLUSIONSOnce the infectious resource of schistosomiasis was introduced into the TGRA, the area became a new schistosomiasis epidemic area in TGRA which called for countermeasures to be taken.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Reservoirs ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Snails ; parasitology

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between methyl-tetra-hydrofolic acid (MTHFR) 677 gene polymorphism and the risk of stomach cancer.

METHODSA population based case-control study was conducted and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to detect its genotypes.

RESULTSAmong cases with stomach cancer, the frequency of C/C, C/T, T/T genotype were 25.8%, 54.6%, 19.6%, compared with controls as 34.5%, 50.9%, 14.6% respectively. Using C/C genotype as reference, the OR of C/T or T/T genotype was 1.52 (95% CI: 1.04 - 2.23). 53.3% C and 46.7% T allele were distributed in stomach cancer cases, while 60.0% C and 40.0% T in controls. The OR for T allele in relation to C allele was 1.31 (1.02 - 1.69) when C allele was used as reference. In addition, the present study showed that MTHFR677 AnyT genotype might interact with smoking, moldy food intake, wheat porridge intake, eating salty food and Hp CagA infection to increase the risk of stomach cancer. No interaction was observed between MTHFR677 AnyT genotype and alcohol drinking or green tea intake.

CONCLUSIONMTHFR677 AnyT genotype, might increase the risk of stomach cancer development and the genotype might also interact with other environmental risk factors to increase the risk of stomach cancer.

Adult ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; enzymology ; etiology ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of high-voltage electrical burn (HEB) on the aggregation and adhesion of platelet and leukocyte in rats and the interventional effect of pentoxifylline (PTX).

METHODSOne hundred and eighty SD rats were divided into control, electrical burn (EB), and pentoxifylline treatment (PT) groups according to the random number table, with 60 rats in each group. (1) Ten rats were taken from each group at 15 minutes before injury for the observation of the microcirculatory perfusion of chest skin with Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager (LDPI), and the number of leukocyte adherent to mesenteric venule with Bradford Variable Projection Microscope (BVPM). Serum was collected from heart blood to determine the contents of platelet activating factor (PAF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), prostacyclin (PGI2), P-selectin, E-selectin and L-selectin by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The ratio of TXB2 to PGI2 was calculated therefrom. (2) Model of HEB was reproduced in the remaining 50 rats of EB group and that of PT group with voltage regulator and experimental transformer (the electrical current applied to the left forelimb and exited from the right hind limb). The remaining 50 rats of control group were sham injured with the same devices without electric current. Within 2 minutes post injury (PIM), rats in control group and EB group were intraperitoneally injected with 2 mL isotonic saline, while rats in PT group were intraperitoneally injected with 2 mL pentoxifylline (50 mg/mL). At PIM 5 and 1, 2, 4, 8 hour(s) post injury (PIH), 10 rats of every group were randomly chosen at each time point for the observation of the microcirculatory perfusion of chest skin and the number of leukocytes adherent to mesenteric venule through the same method as used above, and the levels of the related factors of aggregation and adhesion of platelets and leukocytes were determined, and then the relative ratio was calculated. Data were processed with the analysis of variance of factorial design and LSD test.

RESULTSThe contents of PAF, TXB2, PGI2, P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, and the ratio of TXB2 to PGI2, as well as the number of adhered leukocyte in EB group were higher, while the microcirculatory perfusion value was lower than those of control group, with F values from 854.20 to 8156.52, P values all below 0.01. The microcirculatory perfusion value and PGI2 content of PT group were higher, while the contents or number of other indexes were lower than those of EB group, with F values from 33.18 to 1033.99, P values all below 0.01. Only the data within EB group and PT group were comparable. The contents of PAF, TXB2, PGI2, P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, and the ratio of TXB2 to PGI2, as well as the number of adhered leukocyte in EB group and PT group at each time point were significantly higher than those at 15 minutes before injury, while the microcirculation perfusion value was significantly lower than that at 15 minutes before injury (P values all below 0.001), with the exception of the ratio of TXB2 to PGI2 in PT group and E-selectin in EB group and PT group at PIM 5. The contents of PAF, TXB2, and E-selectin and the ratio of TXB2 to PGI2 in EB group peaked at PIH 4, and they were respectively (9.3 ± 0.9) ng/mL, (14.31 ± 0.65) nmol/mL, (271.2 ± 18.4) ng/mL and 4.62 ± 0.26. The contents of PGI2 and P-selectin, and the number of adhered leukocyte in EB group peaked at PIH 8, and they were respectively (3.98 ± 0.24) nmol/mL, (514 ± 24) ng/mL, and (25.50 ± 4.14) per 100 µm venule. The content of L-selectin peaked at PIH 2 [(876 ± 54) ng/mL]. The microcirculatory perfusion value was lowest at PIM 5 [(1.17 ± 0.10) V].

CONCLUSIONSHEB can increase the contents of PAF, TXB2, PGI2, P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, the ratio of TXB2 to PGI2, and the number of adhered leukocyte, as well as decrease the skin microcirculatory perfusion value. PTX can inhibit the aggregation and adhesion of platelets and leukocytes through increasing the content of PGI2 and decreasing contents of other factors mentioned above, thus alleviating the microcirculatory dysfunction after HEB.

Animals ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Burns, Electric ; blood ; physiopathology ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Pentoxifylline ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of recombinant human parathyroid hormone(1-34) [rhPTH(1-34)] on osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats.

METHODSThe model of osteoporosis was formed after 3 months of ovariectomy with 6-month age of 80 rats. Another 20 rats was control of sham operation. rhPTH(1-34) was subcutaneously injected once daily with 5, 10, 20, 40 micrograms/kg for 3 months. There were 10 rats in each group. The control of therapy included Salmon Calcitonin to 10 rats and Alendronate sodium to 10 rats. The bone weight of dry and ash, bone mineral density, bone biomechanical property, trabecular area, bone mineral deposition and serum alkaline phosphatase, Ca, P and urinary Pyridinoline/creatin (Pyd/Cr) were measured after the end of therapy.

RESULTSWhen administered to animals as a single subcutaneous injection once daily, rhPTH(1-34) increased obviously bone mass, bone biomechanical property and trabecular area, as well as bone deposition compared with the animals of control group. The bone architecture was ultimately improved by rhPTH(1-34) therapy.

CONCLUSIONSRats of ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis possess obvious effect of treatment with low dose of rhPTH(1-34) administered once daily.

Animals ; Female ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Teriparatide ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WHtR) and the prevalence of hypertension in elderly residents over 60 years in Baodi district, Tianjin. Methods Residents over 60 who underwent medical examinations in the Koudong Health Center, Baodi district, Tianjin, were all invited to participate in the study from April to May, 2018. Participants were asked to fill out structured questionnaires and undergo physical examinations. Stratified analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to examine joint effects and interactions of BMI and WC (or WHtR) on the risk of hypertension. Results A total of 1 417 residents (83.75%) out of 1 692 residents participated in the study. The prevalence of hypertension in the participants was 46.36%. 66.50% of the participants were BMI overweight or obese. Participants with central obesity accounted for 74.66% (measured by the WC) and 75.38% (by the WHtR). Compared to the normal weight measured by the BMI or the WC, BMI overweight (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.19-2.30) or obesity (OR=3.41, 95%CI: 2.23-5.20) and WC central obesity (OR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.00-2.23) were associated with increased risk of hypertension. The joint effects of BMI and WC (OR=2.49, 95%CI: 1.78-3.46), or BMI and WHtR (WHtR overweight: OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.41-2.99; WHtR obesity: OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.50-3.76) were greater than the single effect of the latter (WC overweight/obesity: OR=1.39, 95%CI: 0.90-2.15; WHtR overweight: OR=1.02, 95%CI: 0.62-1.66; WHtR obesity: OR=1.44, 95%CI：0.55-3.81). Conclusions Of the three indices, BMI is strongly correlated with the risk of hypertension. BMI overweight or obesity has enhanced the association of WC or WHtR and the risk of hypertension, suggesting that weight control in the normal range, especially measured by the BMI index, may prevent and control hypertension.