Objective The study analyse the multi-drug resistance and epidemiological investigation in Acinetobacter baumannii.Methodes Using,multi-drug resistance gene test,three-dimension test,membranes active efflux test studied multi-drug resistance and epidemiological investigation.The genetype were analyzed by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism(AFLP).The strains' homology were researched by multi-gene cluster analysis methods.Results Cluster analysis show that the result of drugsensitive test,multi-drug resistance gene test and AFLP are accordant.The study find at least 3 clones by multi-gene cluster analysis methods.AFLP show that all of the multi-drug-resistance of A.baumannii evolutes from a clone.Conclusions The study combined with clinical practice find that ICU in Ningbo No.2 Hospital now is the core of the arises,evolution,transmission of A.baumannii.Strengthening management of ICU is very important to pretect the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii in nosocomial infection.

OBJECTIVE To compare the three methods on relatedness analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii strains in hospital infection.METHODS Twenty-seven A.baumannii strains caused hospital infection were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP) and multiple gene cluster analysis.RESULTS PFGE analysis showed 19 strains isolated from clinic were with identical clone;AFLP analysis showed 19 strains isolated from clinic were with identical clone;but multiple gene cluster analysis showed 3 clones including 11 strains carried with 8 positive genes(TEM,OXA-23group,ADC,aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,qacE△1-sul1 and intⅠ1),6 strains with 7 positive genes(TEM,ADC,aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,qacE△1-sul1 and intⅠ1) and 4 strains with 6 positive genes(TEM,ADC,aac(3)-Ⅰ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,qacE△1-sul1 and intⅠ1).CONCLUSIONS The resolving ability of multiple gene cluster analysis is higher than that of PFGE and AFLP in relatedness analysis of A.baumannii strains from hospital infection.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship of Acinetobacter baumannii in Ningbo No.2 Hospital by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) and amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP).METHODS The sensitivity of 13 kinds antibacterials were analyzed according to American National Committee for Clinical Labotatory 2004′s Standard.The genotypes were analyzed by PFGE and AFLP.The relationship was analyzed with cluster analysis methods.RESULTS Twenty seven strains of A.baumannii were divided into two groups by AFLP method or into four groups by PFGE method.Cluster analysis showed the concordance.CONCLUSIONS Amplified fragment length polymorphism has more clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the existence state of drug-resistant gene,integron and Tn21/Tn501 transposon and the relationship of Acinetobacter baumannii in Ningbo No.2 Hospital by genetic mark.METHODS Twenty seven strains of A.baumannii were clinically isolated.Drug-resistant gene,integron,and Tn21/Tn501 transposon were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The relationship was analyzed with cluster analysis methods.RESULTS The positive rates of blaTEM,blaOXA-23 cluster,blaADC,aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,qacE△1-sulⅠ,and intⅠ1 were 81.5%,44.4%,85.2%,85.2%,66.7%,81.5%,85.2%,and 85.2%,respectively.The others were negative.The result of multi-gene cluster analysis showed that the clone transmission existed.CONCLUSIONS The clone transmission of A.baumannii exists in Ningbo No.2 Hospital.The outbreak of A.baumannii may be possible because there are more than 3 clone transmission strains.

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate in mavalonic acid pathway, which is the first committed step for isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. However, it still remains unclear whether HGMR gene plays a role in the isoprenoid biosynthesis in Dendrobium officinale, an endangered epiphytic orchid species. In the present study, a HMGR encoding gene, designed as DoHMGR1 (GenBank accession JX272632), was identified from D. officinale using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods, for the first time. The full length cDNA of DoHMGR1 was 2 071 bp in length and encoded a 562-aa protein with a molecular weight of 59.73 kD and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.18. The deduced DoHMGR1 protein, like other HMGR proteins, constituted four conserved domains (63-561, 147-551, 268-383 and 124-541) and two transmembrane motifs (42-64 and 85-107). Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that DoHMGR1 had high identity (67%-89%) to a number of HMGR genes from various plants and was closely related to Vanda hybrid cultivar, rice and maize monocots. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that DoHMGR1 was expressed in the three included organs. The transcripts were the most abundant in the roots with 2.13 fold over that in the leaves, followed by that in the stems with 1.98 fold. Molecular characterization of DoHMGR1 will be useful for further functional elucidation of the gene involving in isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway in D. officinale.
Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Dendrobium ; enzymology ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; enzymology ; genetics ; Plant Roots ; enzymology ; genetics ; Plant Stems ; enzymology ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; enzymology ; genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; secondary

Objective To analyze clinical features and sum up experience for the treatment of ischemic bowel disease. Methods Clinical data of 73 patients with the diagnosis of ischemic bowel disease were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsTwenty-eight patients were male and 45 patients were female. The median of age was 65 years (range of 38 to 89 years). Forty-eight patients were associated with hypertension, 23%(17/73) patients had a history of coronary disease and 15% (11/73) had diabetes. Seventy patients presented symptom of abdominal pain and 93% (68/73) had hematochezia. Symptoms relieved by conservative treatment in 96% (63/66) patients. Nine patients underwent a surgery. One patient died of sepsis postoperatively. One suffered from colostomy necrosis and leakage of the rectum segment. Conclusion 1. Elder patients presenting symptoms of abdominal pain and hematochezia, especially with a history of cardio-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes should be considered for the possibility of ischemic bowel disease. 2. Most patients with ischemic bowel disease could be successfully treated by conservative therapy. 3. Surgery for patients with chronic relapsing and nonresponsible symptoms was difficult and patients often suffer from high postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the vascular effect of hydroxyl-safflor yellow A(HSYA) on rat thoracic aorta and its underlying mechanism. Methods The tension of isolated thoracic aorta rings of rats perfused with different concentrations of HSYA(1?10-6-1?10-4 mol/L) was measured using organ bath technique.The effects of HSYA on the vasocontraction induced by cumulative phenylephrine(PE)(1?10-6-1?10-4 mol/L),KCl(6?10-2 mol/L) and CaCl2(1?10-5-3?10-3 mol/L) were recorded respectively. Results HSYAcaused a concentration-dependent anti-contraction effects by KCl or PE in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings.HSYA inhibited the CaCl2-induced contraction and downward shifted concentration-response curve of aortic rings.HSYA+HP resulted in more significant anti-contraction effect than single use of HSYA(P0.05).There were significant differences in anti-contraction effect between HSYA+RR and RR or HSYA(P

To ensure the stability of chemistry components and the convenience of operation, ultrasound method was chosen to study in this investigation. As the total common peaks area in chromatograms was set to be evaluation index, the influence on the technology caused by extraction time, ethanol concentration and liquid-to-solid ratio was studied by using single factor methodology, and the extraction technology of Paeoniae Radix Alba was optimized by using response surface methodology. The results showed that the extracting results were most affected by ethanol concentration; liquid-to-solid ratio came the second and extraction time thirdly. The optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions were as follow: the ultrasonic extraction time was 20.06 min, the ethanol concentration in solvent was 72.04%, and the liquid-to-solid ratio was 53.38 mL · g(-1), the predicted value of total common peaks area was 2.1608 x 10(8). Under the extraction conditions after optimization, the total common peaks area was 2.1422 x 10(8), and the relative deviation between the measured and predicted value was 0.86%, so the optimized extraction technology for Paeoniae Radix Alba is suitable and feasible. Besides, for the purpose of extracting more sufficiently and completely, the optimized extraction technology had more advantages than the extraction method recorded in the monogragh of Paeoniae Radix Alba in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which will come true the assessment and utilization comprehensively.
Paeonia ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVEAn UPLC method was developed to evaluate the quality of Paeoniae Radix by simultaneously determining four components, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonol in Paeoniae Radix Alba decoction pieces.

METHODThe UPLC chromatographic column was ACQUITY UPLC® HSS T3. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid water with gradient elution. The column temperature was 30 °C and detection wavelength was 230 nm with a flow rate of 0.4 mL · min(-1). A linear model was obtained through principal component analysis (PCA), and PCA scores were used to evaluate the quality of Radix Paeoniae Alba decoction pieces comprehensively.

RESULTPaeoniflorin, albiflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonol could be well separated from other components, and the results of specificity, precision, repeatability, linearity, recovery rate and stability reached the standards, respectively. The content of paeoniflorin in 9 batches of Paeoniae Radix Alba decoction pieces was below the standard given by Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). Using the comprehensive scoring method with principal component analysis, the results showed that the samples from Zhejiang province have better quality than those from Anhui and Shandong provinces.

CONCLUSIONThe method established in this study can effectively determine the content of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonol, which could be used for quality control of Paeoniae Radix Alba.